<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style=""><font face="georgia, serif" style="">Dear all,<br></font></div><div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span lang="ES-MX" style=""><span><font face="georgia, serif"> </font></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">As
you know, many languages around the world connect clauses together into complex
sentences by means of correlatives (Masica 1991: 415; Lipták 2009), as in (1). In
particular, languages may use correlative constructions to encode various types
of temporal adverbial clauses (Bhatt & Lipták 2009). <span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><span><font face="georgia, serif"> </font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">Kharia<b> </b>(Austro-Asiatic/Munda)<span></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><a name="_Hlk15457779"><span style="color:black"><font face="georgia, serif">(1)<span></span></font></span></a></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><i><span style="color:black"><font face="georgia, serif">Modi=yaɁ <span></span></font></span></i></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif"><b><i><span style="color:black">caʈ</span></i></b><i><span style="color:black"><span></span></span></i></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif"><i><span style="color:black">mãgni</span></i><span style="color:black">,<span></span></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="color:black"><span><font face="georgia, serif"> </font></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif"><span lang="ES-MX" style="">Modi=<span style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-caps:small-caps">gen</span></span><span style="color:black"><span></span></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif"><span lang="ES-MX" style="">as_soon_as</span><span style="color:black"><span></span></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif"><span lang="ES-MX" style="">water.ceremony</span><span style="color:black"><span></span></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-indent:0.5in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">‘No sooner had Modi’s water ceremony taken place,<span></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif"><b><i><span style="color:black">paʈ</span></i></b><i><span style="color:black"> <span></span></span></i></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><i><span style="color:black"><font face="georgia, serif">biha<span></span></font></span></i></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif"><i><span style="color:black">hoy=ki</span></i><span style="color:black">.<i> <span></span></i></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif"><span lang="ES-MX" style="">as_soon_as</span><span style="color:black"><span></span></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif"><span lang="ES-MX" style="">marry</span><span style="color:black"><span></span></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif"><span lang="ES-MX" style="">become=<span style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-caps:small-caps">mid.pst</span></span><span style="color:black"><span></span></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-indent:31.5pt;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">than the wedding took place.’ (Peterson 2011:
392)<span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><span><font face="georgia, serif"> </font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">The
following are some of the types of correlative constructions attested in my
sample:<span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span><font face="georgia, serif"> </font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">1. First clause
occurs with an <span class="gmail_default" style="">a</span>dverb(ial) meaning ‘first’. Second clause appears with<span class="gmail_default" style=""> an</span> adverb(ial)
meaning ‘(and) then’ or ‘afterwards’ <span class="gmail_default" style="">(e.g. 'first....and then') </span>(This is pervasive in Australian languages).
<span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">2. First
clause occurs with <span class="gmail_default" style="">a </span>quantifier meaning ‘all’. Second clause appears with another
quantifier meaning ‘all’ <span class="gmail_default" style="">(e.g. 'all....all') </span>(various Mesoamerican languages not genetically
related have this pattern to express ‘as soon as’).<span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">3. First
clause occurs with a temporal noun meaning ‘time’. Second clause appears with a
coordinating device ‘and’ <span class="gmail_default" style="">(e.g. 'the time.....and') </span>(various Austronesian languages have this pattern to express
‘when’). This is known in the literature as para-hypotaxis (Bertinetto and
Ciucci 2012; Ross et al. 2018).<span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">4. First
clause occurs with a free adverbial conjunction meaning ‘when’. Second clause
appears with a coordinating device ‘and’ <span class="gmail_default" style="">(e.g. 'when....and') </span>(various Mesoamerican languages not
genetically related<span class="gmail_default" style=""> have this pattern</span>, but it is mostly found in Mixtec languages). This is also para-hypotaxis.
<span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">5. First
clause occurs with an adverb(ial) meaning ‘not yet’. Second clause appears with
an adverb(ial) meaning ‘already’<span class="gmail_default" style=""> (e.g. 'not yet....already').</span><span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">6. First
clause occurs with a verb meaning ‘to finish’. Second clause appears with a
verb meaning ‘to finish’ (e.g. ‘finish X…finish Y’).<span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">7. First
clause occurs with a demonstrative. Second clause appears with another
demonstrative (e.g. ‘that….that’). This is mostly found in the expression of ‘when’.
<span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">8.
First clause occurs with <span class="gmail_default" style="">an </span>adverb(ial) meaning ‘only’. Second clause appears with
adverb(ial) meaning ‘(and) then’<span class="gmail_default" style=""> (e.g. 'only....and then').</span><span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><span><font face="georgia, serif"> </font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">Are
you aware of any languages that encode temporal adverbial clauses by any
of the correlative patterns shown above? Any readings <span class="gmail_default" style="">that have addressed this phenomenon?</span><span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><span><font face="georgia, serif"> </font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">Thank
you very much in advance. <span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><span><font face="georgia, serif"> </font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;text-align:justify;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif" style="">Best,</font><font face="Times New Roman, serif" style="font-size:12pt"><span></span></font></p></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:16px;color:rgb(33,33,33);margin:0px"><font face="AR CENA"><span style="font-size:14.6667px">Jesús Olguín Martínez</span></font></div><div style="color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:wf_segoe-ui_normal,"Segoe UI","Segoe WP",Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:15px;margin:0px"><font face="Calibri,sans-serif" size="2"><span style="font-size:11pt"><font face="AR CENA">Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Linguistics</font></span></font></div><div style="color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:wf_segoe-ui_normal,"Segoe UI","Segoe WP",Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:15px;margin:0px"><font face="Calibri,sans-serif" size="2"><span style="font-size:11pt"><font face="AR CENA"><i>University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB)</i></font></span></font></div><div style="color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:wf_segoe-ui_normal,"Segoe UI","Segoe WP",Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:15px;margin:0px"><font face="Calibri,sans-serif" size="2"><span style="font-size:11pt"><font face="AR CENA"><a href="http://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/people/jes%C3%BAs-olgu%C3%ADn-mart%C3%ADnez" style="color:rgb(17,85,204)" target="_blank">http://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/people/jesús-olguín-martínez</a></font></span></font></div><div style="color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:wf_segoe-ui_normal,"Segoe UI","Segoe WP",Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:15px;margin:0px"><font face="Calibri,sans-serif" size="2"><span style="font-size:11pt"><br></span></font></div><div style="color:rgb(33,33,33);margin:0px"><font size="2"><span class="gmail_default" style="font-size:small;font-family:georgia,serif"></span><span class="gmail_default"><font face="georgia, serif">References</font></span></font></div><div style="color:rgb(33,33,33);margin:0px"><font face="georgia, serif"><font size="2"><span class="gmail_default"></span></font><span lang="ES-MX" style="color:rgb(34,34,34)">Bertinetto, Pier Marco
and Luca Ciucci. </span><span style="color:rgb(34,34,34)">2012. Parataxis, hypotaxis and para-hypotaxis
in the Zamucoan languages. <i>Linguistic Discovery </i>10: 89-111.</span><font size="2"><br></font></font></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">Bhatt, Rajesh and
Anikó Lipták. 2009. Matching effects in the temporal and locative domains. In Anikó<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small"> </span></font>Lipták,<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small"> </span><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">(ed.), </span><i style="font-family:georgia,serif">Correlatives cross-linguistically</i><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">. Amsterdam: John
Benjamins.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">Lipták, Anikó.
2009. The landscape of correlatives. In Anikó Lipták (ed.), <i>Correlatives
cross-linguistically</i>. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.<span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">Masica, Colin P.
1991. <i>The Indo-Aryan Languages</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif;text-align:justify">Peterson, John.
2011. </span><i style="font-family:georgia,serif;text-align:justify">A grammar of Kharia: A South Munda language</i><span style="font-family:georgia,serif;text-align:justify">. Leiden: Brill.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><font face="georgia, serif">Ross, Daniel, Jesús
Olguín Martínez<span class="gmail_default" style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small">, </span>and Luca Ciucci. 2018. Para-hypotaxis in the world’s languages:
A cross-linguistic survey. <a name="_Hlk35269314">Unpublished ms.</a></font><span lang="ES-MX" style="font-size:12pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span></span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div>