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    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">From your description, these things
      look more like adverbs. Adverbs may combine a semantic component
      corresponding to a region with a semantic component corresponding
      to a local relation, like <i>down-wards</i> or <i>west-wards</i>.</div>
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    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Am 24.03.21 um 16:54 schrieb Jess
      Tauber:<br>
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cite="mid:CA+30tARqMufmPoXYGbuVZckK2uq=_k276NOfLgKQMwAQsFSRog@mail.gmail.com">
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      <div dir="ltr">Yahgan (genetic isolate, Tierra del Fuego, now
        critically endangered (1 elderly speaker remaining) had a system
        of spatial/locational terms that I hadn't thought of as
        case-like until reading the earlier posts here. i:la 'position
        outside/southward', i:lu: 'direction outside/southward'; inna
        'position up/westward'., i:nu: 'direction up/westward'; i:ta
        'position eastward/down', i:tu: 'direction east/down', and so
        on. These roots can then be extensively derived and also
        incorporate nominal elements following the.  root. But normal
        object case forms are suffixed to the referent, including simple
        locative -n, ablative -(n)daul(um) and allative -u:pai. So was
        this larger geographically-based system a case system in
        development at the time of European contact, or something else?
        A separate system using non-cognate morphemes was prefixed to
        verbs to indicate direction.
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        <div>Jess Tauber</div>
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    <div class="moz-signature">-- <br>
      <p style="font-size:90%">Prof. em. Dr. Christian Lehmann<br>
        Rudolfstr. 4<br>
        99092 Erfurt<br>
        <span style="font-variant:small-caps">Deutschland</span></p>
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            <td>Tel.:</td>
            <td>+49/361/2113417</td>
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            <td>E-Post:</td>
            <td><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:christianw_lehmann@arcor.de">christianw_lehmann@arcor.de</a></td>
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            <td>Web:</td>
            <td><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.christianlehmann.eu">https://www.christianlehmann.eu</a></td>
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