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<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal">Chapter 4 of <span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">
Rebecca Paterson’s 2019 University of Oregon dissertation, </span><i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">N<a name="_Ref401320335"></a><a name="_Ref405803850"></a><a name="_Ref406160104"></a><a name="_Ref419379681"></a><a name="_Ref419379757"></a><a name="_Ref419379806"></a><a name="_Ref419441499"></a><a name="_Ref419455957"></a><a name="_Ref419539652"></a><a name="_Ref419550188"></a><a name="_Ref419618801"></a><a name="_Ref419623939"></a><a name="_Ref419694266"></a><a name="_Ref420661885"></a><a name="_Ref420735701"></a><a name="_Ref420742644"></a><a name="_Ref420816444"></a><a name="_Ref420817241"></a><a name="_Ref420834131"></a><a name="_Ref420868917"></a><a name="_Ref420868931"></a><a name="_Ref420872647"></a><a name="_Ref420949939"></a><a name="_Ref421003343"></a><a name="_Ref421094037"></a><a name="_Ref421116305"></a><a name="_Ref421138544"></a><a name="_Ref421186106"></a><a name="_Ref421226353"></a><a name="_Ref423198694"></a><a name="_Ref423608095"></a><a name="_Ref423717712"></a><a name="_Ref423717903"></a><a name="_Ref423720226"></a>ominalization
and predication in U̠t-Ma'in</span></i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">, describes the Associative Construction, in which an Associative Marker, e.g.
</span><span class="InLineLangData">ɘ̀</span> ‘<span style="font-variant:small-caps">assoc</span>’, bears two noun classification morphemes, a prefix indexing the head N of the construction and an enclitic indexing the dependent N, e.g.
<span class="InLineLangData">rān t-ɘ̀=m wɘ́r</span> ‘leaf <span style="font-variant:small-caps">
ag6-assoc=c6m</span> length’, ‘leaves of length’ (i.e. ‘long leaves’). This Associative Complex may encliticize to the preceding head noun (1b) or to the following dependent noun (2), and in a number of lexicalized combinations, she transcribed the combination
of head N, Associative Complex, and dependent N as a single phonological word, as in (3)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="Numberedexample" style="mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"><a name="_Ref421005516"><![if !supportLists]><span class="for"><span lang="IS" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;font-style:normal"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">(1)<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span></span><![endif]><span class="for"><span lang="IS" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black">a. wà-kɘ̄n nɛ̄t wā wɘ̀ gágɘ́n</span></span></a><span class="for"><span lang="IS" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black">
</span></span><span class="for"><span lang="IS" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;font-style:normal"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="Gloss" style="margin-left:.5in;text-indent:0in"><span class="ThesisSentExamplesCharts"><span lang="IS" style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black"> c</span><span lang="IS" style="color:black">1-there person
<span style="font-variant:small-caps">c</span>1.<span style="font-variant:small-caps">def</span>
<span style="font-variant:small-caps">c</span>1.<span style="font-variant:small-caps">Rel</span> married</span></span><span class="for"><span lang="IS" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;font-style:normal"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="Gloss" style="text-indent:0in"><span class="for"><span lang="IS" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;font-style:normal"><o:p> </o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="Gloss" style="margin-left:.5in;text-indent:0in"><span lang="IS" style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black"> [N<sub>HEAD</sub>[[=ag<sub>HEAD</sub>-assoc=c<sub>MOD</sub>]<sub>AssocC</sub> N<sub>MOD</sub>]<sub>AssocP</sub>]<sub>AssocCxn</sub></span><span class="for"><span lang="IS" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black">
</span></span><span class="for"><span lang="IS" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;font-style:normal"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="Gloss" style="text-indent:.5in"><span class="for"><span lang="IS" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black">b. nētá=j- ̀ -u íbò</span></span><span class="for"><span lang="IS" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;font-style:normal"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="Gloss" style="text-indent:.5in"><span class="ThesisSentExamplesCharts"><span lang="IS" style="color:black"> woman=</span></span><span lang="IS" style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">ag<span class="ThesisSentExamplesCharts">7-assoc=c1</span></span><span class="ThesisSentExamplesCharts"><span lang="IS" style="color:black">
Igbo.person<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="Translation"><span class="ThesisSentExamplesCharts"><span lang="IS" style="color:black"> ‘...a certain person who married an Igbo woman...’<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="Gloss" style="margin-left:2.0in;text-indent:0in"><span lang="IS" style="font-variant:small-caps"> [N<sub>HEAD</sub> [[ag<sub>HEAD</sub>-assoc=c<sub>MOD</sub>-]<sub>AssocC
</sub>N<sub>MOD</sub>]<sub>AssocP</sub>]<sub>AssocCxn</sub></span><span class="for"><span lang="IS" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-variant:small-caps">
</span></span><span class="for"><span lang="IS" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-variant:small-caps;font-style:normal"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="Numberedexample" style="mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"><a name="_Ref420837934"><![if !supportLists]><span lang="IS"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">(2)<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><i><span lang="IS">wā=vástɛ̀ m̄-ʃɘ́ːs </span>
</i><span lang="IS"> [</span></a><span style="mso-bookmark:_Ref420837934"><i><span lang="IS">kɔ́ːr</span></i><span lang="IS"> [</span></span><span style="mso-bookmark:_Ref420837934"><i><span lang="IS">d- ̀=u-tɘ̄tɘ̄rsɛ̀</span></i><span lang="IS">]]</span></span><span lang="IS"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="Gloss" style="text-indent:.5in"><span lang="IS" style="font-variant:small-caps">c1.subj=</span><span lang="IS">end<span style="font-variant:small-caps"> c5-</span>filling
<span style="font-variant:small-caps"> </span>basket<span style="font-variant:small-caps"> c5-assoc=c3-</span>third<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="Translation"><span lang="IS">‘he finished filling the third basket’ (PS_IY_Ror 2013: 014)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="Numberedexample" style="mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Ref420840860"><![if !supportLists]><span lang="IS"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">(3)<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang="IS"><o:p> </o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="TableTextStyle2"><i><span lang="IS">rè<b>mɘ̀</b>tmɛ̀n </span></i><span lang="IS">‘stomachache’<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
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<p class="TableTextStyle2"><span lang="IS"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="TableTextStyle2"><span lang="IS">rè=m-ɘ̀=t-mɛ̀n<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="TableTextStyle2"><span lang="IS">pain=<span style="font-variant:small-caps">ag6b-assoc=c6</span>-abdomen<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="TableTextStyle2"><span lang="IS">‘pain of abdomen’<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="TableTextStyle2"><span lang="IS"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="TableTextStyle2"><span lang="IS"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Best,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Spike<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
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<b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">From: </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> on behalf of Tim Zingler <timzingler@unm.edu><br>
<b>Date: </b>Wednesday, March 31, 2021 at 4:41 AM<br>
<b>To: </b>florian.matter@isw.unibe.ch <florian.matter@isw.unibe.ch>, lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
<b>Subject: </b>Re: [Lingtyp] Morphologically complex clitics?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Hi,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">off the top of my head, I could only think of the connective in Fwe, about which Gunnink (2018: 167) says that it consists of a stem and a pronominal prefix. I'm not an
expert on the language, but I think it fits the definition.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black">min-we i-ó= mu-ánce </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black">NP<sub>4</sub>-finger PP<sub>4</sub>-CON NP<sub>1</sub>-child </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black">‘the fingers of the child’ (Gunnink 2018: 167) </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">The grammar can be downloaded here:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"><a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/biblio.ugent.be/publication/8553074__;!!C5qS4YX3!RZ2D5nMHeEk-bLRFK9_ZThoYDmutJl1OKU8EG8RofMwLn1yQui5-O5FNvMLrl3B9$">https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8553074</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">This is a very interesting inquiry, by the way. Thanks for starting this discussion.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Best,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Tim<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="color:black">From:</span></b><span style="color:black"> Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> on behalf of florian.matter@isw.unibe.ch <florian.matter@isw.unibe.ch><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, March 30, 2021 5:35 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Lingtyp] Morphologically complex clitics?</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">
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<b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:white"> [EXTERNAL]</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">Dear all,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">I am looking for examples of morphologically complex clitics — i.e., g-words that a) do not form their own p-words and b) consist of multiple morphemes. Below
are some of the few examples I have found. In (1-2), it is an encliticized copula which carries person inflection. In (3), the verb complex consists of a finite verb, a converb, and an auxiliary, each their own g-word. Both the finite verb and the auxiliary
are inflected for first person and therefore morphologically complex.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Courier">(1) Trió (Cariban)</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Courier"> əmamina-nə=pəə<b>=w-a-e</b> </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Courier"> play-INF=occ.with=1Sa-be-NPST.CERT </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Courier"> 'I am playing' (Meira 1999: 180)</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Courier">(2) Ecuadorian Quechua</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Courier"> paj mana wasi-bi=t͡ʃu<b>=ga-n</b> </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Courier"> 3PRO NEG house-LOC=NEG=be-3 </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Courier"> 'S/he is not at home.' (Muysken 2010: 197)</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Courier">(3) Nangikurrunggurr (Southern Daly)</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Courier"> jawul karicinmade
<b>ŋebem=</b>wuɹic<b>=ŋiɹim</b> catma </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Courier"> spear bent 1SG.S.bash.PRS=fix=1SG.S.sit.PRS straight </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Courier"> 'I'm sitting straightening this bent spear.' (Reid 2003: 114)</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">I am grateful for any further examples of such patterns, or references to literature on morphologically complex clitics.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">Best,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica">Florian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:Monaco">Universität Bern</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:Monaco">Institut für Sprachwissenschaft</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:Monaco">Florian Matter </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:Monaco">Länggassstrasse 49</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Helvetica"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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