<div dir="ltr">Another question about clitics is the extent to which they can be bisyllabic (or longer) and still be "phonologically leaning". The 1sg possessive pronoun in Luganda that I cited is one, but I found this to be an unusual case. If the clitic has two syllables then it should be expected to constitute a foot in languages which have metrical structure (which is doubtful in Luganda)--and a foot is often a minimal word, hence able to stand alone (and not be a phonological clitic).</div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Wed, Mar 31, 2021 at 4:41 AM Tim Zingler <<a href="mailto:timzingler@unm.edu">timzingler@unm.edu</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
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Hi,</div>
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off the top of my head, I could only think of the connective in Fwe, about which Gunnink (2018: 167) says that it consists of a stem and a pronominal prefix. I'm not an expert on the language, but I think it fits the definition.</div>
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<span lang="EN-GB">min-we<span>
</span>i-ó=<span> </span><span>
</span>mu-ánce<u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<span lang="EN-GB">NP<sub>4</sub>-finger<span>
</span>PP<sub>4</sub>-CON<span> </span>NP<sub>1</sub>-child<u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<span lang="EN-GB">‘the fingers of the child’ (Gunnink 2018: 167)<u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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The grammar can be downloaded here:</div>
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<a href="https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8553074" id="gmail-m_3217101017523945381LPlnk853754" style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt" target="_blank">https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8553074</a><br>
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This is a very interesting inquiry, by the way. Thanks for starting this discussion.</div>
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Best,</div>
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Tim</div>
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<font face="Calibri, sans-serif" color="#000000" style="font-size:11pt"><b>From:</b> Lingtyp <<a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>> on behalf of <a href="mailto:florian.matter@isw.unibe.ch" target="_blank">florian.matter@isw.unibe.ch</a> <<a href="mailto:florian.matter@isw.unibe.ch" target="_blank">florian.matter@isw.unibe.ch</a>><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, March 30, 2021 5:35 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a> <<a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Lingtyp] Morphologically complex clitics?</font>
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<p style="line-height:12pt;background:rgb(255,102,102)"><b><span style="font-size:10pt;color:white"> [EXTERNAL]</span></b></p>
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Dear all,</div>
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I am looking for examples of morphologically complex clitics — i.e., g-words that a) do not form their own p-words and b) consist of multiple morphemes. Below are some of the few examples I have found. In (1-2), it is an encliticized copula which carries person
inflection. In (3), the verb complex consists of a finite verb, a converb, and an auxiliary, each their own g-word. Both the finite verb and the auxiliary are inflected for first person and therefore morphologically complex.</div>
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<font face="Courier">(1) Trió (Cariban)</font></div>
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<font face="Courier"> əmamina-nə=pəə<b>=w-a-e</b> </font></div>
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<font face="Courier"> play-INF=occ.with=1Sa-be-NPST.CERT </font></div>
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<font face="Courier"> 'I am playing' (Meira 1999: 180)</font></div>
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<font face="Courier">(2) Ecuadorian Quechua</font></div>
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<font face="Courier"> paj mana wasi-bi=t͡ʃu<b>=ga-n</b> </font></div>
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<font face="Courier"> 3PRO NEG house-LOC=NEG=be-3 </font></div>
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<font face="Courier"> 'S/he is not at home.' (Muysken 2010: 197)</font></div>
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<font face="Courier">(3) Nangikurrunggurr (Southern Daly)</font></div>
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<font face="Courier"> jawul karicinmade <b>ŋebem=</b>wuɹic<b>=ŋiɹim</b> catma </font></div>
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<font face="Courier"> spear bent 1SG.S.bash.PRS=fix=1SG.S.sit.PRS straight </font></div>
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<font face="Courier"> 'I'm sitting straightening this bent spear.' (Reid 2003: 114)</font></div>
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I am grateful for any further examples of such patterns, or references to literature on morphologically complex clitics.</div>
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Best,</div>
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Florian</div>
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<p style="font-family:Helvetica;margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt"><span style="font-size:7pt;font-family:Monaco,serif">_____________________________</span></p>
<p style="font-family:Helvetica;margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt"><span style="font-size:7pt;font-family:Monaco,serif">Universität Bern</span></p>
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</blockquote></div><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div>Larry M. Hyman, Professor of Linguistics & Executive Director, France-Berkeley Fund</div><div>Department of Linguistics, University of California, Berkeley</div><div><a href="https://linguistics.berkeley.edu/~hyman" style="color:rgb(17,85,204)" target="_blank">https://linguistics.berkeley.edu/~hyman</a><br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>