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    And it is only in this exchange that I realize that German <i>Mal</i>
    'time (in the sense of the French <i>fois</i>)' can be used in a
    somewhat similar way, in the combination <i>zumal</i> (= <i>zu Mal</i>):<br>
    <br>
    <i>Ich werde gehen, zumal du so früh gekommen bist.</i><br>
    'I'll be leaving, as you came so early.'<br>
    <br>
    Maybe German also borrowed this from French in one way or another.
    (But note that <i>zumal</i> only means '(in as much) as', i.e. it
    only has a causal sense.)<br>
    <br>
    (There are so many similarities among European languages that seem
    to be due to borrowing in one way or another...)<br>
    <br>
    Best,<br>
    Martin<br>
    <br>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Am 01.04.21 um 09:39 schrieb Michael
      Daniel:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CABAHGwcgT87pKrC34e5+vPPb5yed98cjkbgvx45AuZF_iBJ+5Q@mail.gmail.com">
      <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
      <div dir="ltr">Dear all,
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>only in this exchange I realized that the Russian <i>раз</i>
          'time' (in the sense of the French 'fois'), is used in a
          syntactically similar construction but functionally different
          construction as introducing cause complement clauses:</div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><i>Раз ты пришел так рано, я пойду</i>.</div>
        <div>As you came so early, I'll be leaving. (Lit. 'Time <a
            href="http://you.sg" moz-do-not-send="true">you.sg</a>
          come.Pst so early, I leave.Prs)</div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>Note that no numeral is used in these constructions, unlike
          what the original query was looking for.</div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>But is the French "Une fois que" not somewhat similar to
          Russian in this respect, in that it is not (only) used in the
          sense "as soon as" but also to introduce subordinate clauses
          of cause? (And maybe English, too, once we're on this). In
          fact, it would be good to check whether the Russian
          construction is not a 19th century pattern copy from French.</div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>Michael</div>
      </div>
      <br>
      <div class="gmail_quote">
        <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">чт, 1 апр. 2021 г. в 08:33,
          Jesus Francisco Olguin Martinez <<a
            href="mailto:olguinmartinez@ucsb.edu" moz-do-not-send="true">olguinmartinez@ucsb.edu</a>>:<br>
        </div>
        <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
          0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
          <div dir="ltr">
            <div dir="ltr">
              <div dir="ltr">
                <div class="gmail_default"
                  style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small">Dear
                  all,<br>
                </div>
                <div class="gmail_default"
                  style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small"><br>
                </div>
                <div class="gmail_default"
                  style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small">
                  <div dir="ltr"
                    style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">
                    <div dir="ltr">
                      <div dir="ltr">
                        <div dir="ltr">
                          <div class="gmail_default"
                            style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span>
                              <div class="gmail_default">Sorry for not
                                having been clearer in my previous
                                email.</div>
                              <div class="gmail_default"><br>
                              </div>
                              <div class="gmail_default">Yes, English
                                'once' is used in this way :) </div>
                              <div class="gmail_default"><br>
                              </div>
                            </span>
                            <div class="gmail_default">I did not mention
                              English and other European
                              languages  because in Mandarin and the
                              other Hmong-Mien languages I mentioned
                              before, the second clause appears with
                              another linker (lit. <i>on(c)e</i>........'(<i>and</i>)
                              <i>then</i>').  Accordingly, these
                              languages show some sort of correlative
                              construction. Based on the languages of
                              the sample, this usage of 'on(c)e' in a
                              correlative construction is not common
                              cross-linguistically. It seems that
                              Hmong-Mien languages have copied this
                              strategy with native material from
                              Mandarin. This is some sort of 'pattern
                              replication'. I was expecting to receive
                              more answers concerned with languages
                              spoken in this area in order to see if
                              these languages have also copied this
                              pattern from Mandarin.</div>
                            <div class="gmail_default"><br>
                            </div>
                            <div class="gmail_default">Thank you in
                              advance.</div>
                            <div class="gmail_default"><br>
                            </div>
                            <div class="gmail_default">Best,</div>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <br>
          <div class="gmail_quote">
            <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Wed, Mar 31, 2021 at
              8:37 PM Jesus Francisco Olguin Martinez <<a
                href="mailto:olguinmartinez@ucsb.edu" target="_blank"
                moz-do-not-send="true">olguinmartinez@ucsb.edu</a>>
              wrote:<br>
            </div>
            <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
              0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
              rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
              <div dir="ltr">
                <div dir="ltr">
                  <div dir="ltr">
                    <div class="gmail_default"
                      style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small">Dear
                      all,</div>
                    <div class="gmail_default"
                      style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small"><br>
                    </div>
                    <div class="gmail_default"
                      style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small">I
                      hope this message finds you well.</div>
                    <div class="gmail_default"
                      style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small"><br>
                    </div>
                    <div class="gmail_default"
                      style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small">As
                      I was consulting various sources, it seems that
                      the numeral 'one' in the expression of 'as soon
                      as' is not common cross-linguistically. </div>
                    <div class="gmail_default"
                      style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small"><br>
                    </div>
                    <div class="gmail_default"
                      style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small">In
                      my sample, this is attested in Standard Mandarin
                      (i.e. <i>yī), </i>Xong (Hmong-Mien), and <span
                        style="font-family:"Times New
                        Roman",serif;font-size:11pt">Iu Mien
                        (Hmong-Mien). Are you aware of any other
                        languages that express 'as soon as' in a similar
                        way?</span></div>
                    <div class="gmail_default"
                      style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small"><span
                        style="font-family:"Times New
                        Roman",serif;font-size:11pt"><br>
                      </span></div>
                    <div class="gmail_default"
                      style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small"><span
                        style="font-family:"Times New
                        Roman",serif;font-size:11pt">Thank you very
                        much in advance.</span></div>
                    <div class="gmail_default"
                      style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small"><br>
                    </div>
                    <div class="gmail_default"
                      style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small">Best,</div>
                    <div><br>
                    </div>
                    -- <br>
                    <div dir="ltr">
                      <div dir="ltr">
                        <div
style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:16px;color:rgb(33,33,33);margin:0px"><font
                            face="AR CENA"><span
                              style="font-size:14.6667px">Jesús Olguín
                              Martínez</span></font></div>
                        <div
                          style="color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:wf_segoe-ui_normal,"Segoe
                          UI","Segoe
WP",Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:15px;margin:0px"><font
                            size="2" face="Calibri,sans-serif"><span
                              style="font-size:11pt"><font face="AR
                                CENA">Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of
                                Linguistics</font></span></font></div>
                        <div
                          style="color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:wf_segoe-ui_normal,"Segoe
                          UI","Segoe
WP",Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:15px;margin:0px"><font
                            size="2" face="Calibri,sans-serif"><span
                              style="font-size:11pt"><font face="AR
                                CENA"><i>University of California, Santa
                                  Barbara (UCSB)</i></font></span></font></div>
                        <div
                          style="color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:wf_segoe-ui_normal,"Segoe
                          UI","Segoe
WP",Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:15px;margin:0px"><font
                            size="2" face="Calibri,sans-serif"><span
                              style="font-size:11pt"><font face="AR
                                CENA"><a
href="http://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/people/jes%C3%BAs-olgu%C3%ADn-mart%C3%ADnez"
                                  style="color:rgb(17,85,204)"
                                  target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">http://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/people/jesús-olguín-martínez</a></font></span></font></div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </blockquote>
          </div>
          <br clear="all">
          <div><br>
          </div>
          -- <br>
          <div dir="ltr">
            <div dir="ltr">
              <div
style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:16px;color:rgb(33,33,33);margin:0px"><font
                  face="AR CENA"><span style="font-size:14.6667px">Jesús
                    Olguín Martínez</span></font></div>
              <div
                style="color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:wf_segoe-ui_normal,"Segoe
                UI","Segoe
WP",Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:15px;margin:0px"><font
                  size="2" face="Calibri,sans-serif"><span
                    style="font-size:11pt"><font face="AR CENA">Ph.D.
                      Candidate, Dept. of Linguistics</font></span></font></div>
              <div
                style="color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:wf_segoe-ui_normal,"Segoe
                UI","Segoe
WP",Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:15px;margin:0px"><font
                  size="2" face="Calibri,sans-serif"><span
                    style="font-size:11pt"><font face="AR CENA"><i>University
                        of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB)</i></font></span></font></div>
              <div
                style="color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:wf_segoe-ui_normal,"Segoe
                UI","Segoe
WP",Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:15px;margin:0px"><font
                  size="2" face="Calibri,sans-serif"><span
                    style="font-size:11pt"><font face="AR CENA"><a
href="http://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/people/jes%C3%BAs-olgu%C3%ADn-mart%C3%ADnez"
                        style="color:rgb(17,85,204)" target="_blank"
                        moz-do-not-send="true">http://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/people/jesús-olguín-martínez</a></font></span></font></div>
            </div>
          </div>
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</pre>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
Martin Haspelmath
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Deutscher Platz 6
D-04103 Leipzig
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.shh.mpg.de/employees/42385/25522">https://www.shh.mpg.de/employees/42385/25522</a></pre>
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