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<div class="moz-cite-prefix">There is doubtless more than one way by
which the semantic role of the single or central argument of an
intransitive predicate could be differentiated. And different
languages choose their criteria in grammaticalizing such a
distinction in structural valency (to the extent that such
structural features are semantically motivated). Thus, a
subdivision by the criterion of agentivity may be relevant in the
grammar of one language, but not in another.<br>
<br>
Among the other semantic distinctions that may prove relevant here
is the distinction between 'stative' and 'dynamic'. From the
examples that you give, it appears that this distinction may apply
in Menya (not wishing to deny thereby that the distinctions you
have in mind could be relevant, too).<br>
<br>
<br>
Am 12.05.21 um 16:02 schrieb Carl Whitehead:<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Isn<span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman",serif">’</span>t this another case of <span
style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">‘</span>either/or<span
style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">’</span>
being an oversimplification? In the sentences <span
style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">‘</span>I
moved to London<span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman",serif">’</span> and <span
style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">‘</span>He
committed suicide<span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman",serif">’</span> the subject is both actor and
undergoer. With the verb <span style="font-family:"Times
New Roman",serif">‘</span>run<span
style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">’</span>
is the actor not affected? I suggest that in many, if not most
or all, cases there are elements of both but to varying
degrees. In a language like Menya (Papuan) that treats the
single argument of <span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman",serif">‘</span>run<span
style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">’</span>
and <span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman",serif">‘</span>die<span
style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">’</span>
the same but that of <span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman",serif">‘</span>be sick<span
style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">’</span>
and <span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman",serif">‘</span>like<span
style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">’</span>
differently, is there not a recognition of a degree of <span
style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">‘</span>doing
something<span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman",serif">’</span> that is present in the one who
dies but not in the one who is sick? The single argument of
verbs like <span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman",serif">‘</span>commit suicide<span
style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">’</span>
and <span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman",serif">‘</span>move<span
style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">’</span>
(and perhaps even <span style="font-family:"Times New
Roman",serif">‘</span>run<span
style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">’</span>)
there is a high degree of both actorhood and undergoerhood
whereas for the single argument of <span
style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">‘</span>die<span
style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">’</span>
there is a low degree of actorhood but high of undergoerhood,
but nevertheless still a degree of each which languages will
code differently.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Carl<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span
lang="EN-US"> Lingtyp
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org"><lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org></a> <b>On
Behalf Of </b>Christian Lehmann<br>
<b>Sent:</b> May 12, 2021 5:25 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Lingtyp] terminological question about
intransitive verbs<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The only or direct actant of an
intransitive verb may be its actor (<i>run</i>) or its
undergoer (<i>die</i>). This may be taken to be a feature of
the verb's valency. There are then two valency classes of
intransitive verbs. I know of the following terms for these:<br>
<br>
active - inactive (Klimov)<br>
agentive - non-agentive<br>
unergative - unaccusative (Perlmutter)<br>
<br>
All of these pairs have terminological or conceptual problems
(which I can name if desired). I have therefore been looking
for better terms. I had called them<br>
actor-oriented - undergoer-oriented.<br>
However, I need the term 'oriented' in verbal grammar in a
different sense, so I have to replace these. Currently, I call
them<br>
actor-holding - undergoer-holding<br>
Not particularly elegant, are they?<br>
<br>
Are there good terms on the linguistic market (of the past two
centuries) for what is meant by the above? Or failing this,
brilliant neologisms?<br>
<br>
Grateful for suggestions,<br>
Christian<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">-- <o:p></o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Prof. em. Dr. Christian
Lehmann<br>
Rudolfstr. 4<br>
99092 Erfurt<br>
<span style="font-variant:small-caps">Deutschland</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Tel.:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt">+49/361/2113417<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt">E-Post:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><a
href="mailto:christianw_lehmann@arcor.de"
moz-do-not-send="true">christianw_lehmann@arcor.de</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Web:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><a
href="https://www.christianlehmann.eu"
moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.christianlehmann.eu</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<br>
<br>
<div class="moz-signature">-- <br>
<p style="font-size:90%">Prof. em. Dr. Christian Lehmann<br>
Rudolfstr. 4<br>
99092 Erfurt<br>
<span style="font-variant:small-caps">Deutschland</span></p>
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<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Tel.:</td>
<td>+49/361/2113417</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>E-Post:</td>
<td><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:christianw_lehmann@arcor.de">christianw_lehmann@arcor.de</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Web:</td>
<td><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.christianlehmann.eu">https://www.christianlehmann.eu</a></td>
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