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<p>Hi Martin,<br>
I'm not sure if we need a standardization committee here. Our
students grow up with the terminology established by M.A.K
Halliday, who distinguishes between 'endophoric' and 'exophoric'
reference. 'Endophoric' reference can be 'anaphoric' or
'cataphoric'. I'm not aware of the use of 'anaphoric' as
'forward-looking' (as this would be 'cataphoric' imho). And I
agree with everyone who thinks that anaphor(a) do(es) not have to
imply pronouns (that would be a matter of 'substitution', in
Halliday's terms). What's wrong with the taxonomy <br>
</p>
<p>exophoric vs. (endophoric (anaphoric vs. cataphoric ))<br>
</p>
<p>? <br>
</p>
<p>(And wouldn't 'ep(i)-ana-phoric' be redundant in this context?
Isn't 'anaphoric' originally '[carry] up[stream]', hence
'backward'?)</p>
<p>Best,<br>
Volker</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 31/05/2021 10:56, Martin Haspelmath
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:2c818d17-49f2-e168-4e26-00ab1f6432b9@eva.mpg.de">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
Paolo's mention of the term pair "anaphora/cataphora" brings up a
frequent issue in terminology: When a new and relatively short
term (like "cataphora") is coined to refer to a special case, then
it is not clear whether the old term (here "anaphora") refers to
the general case or to the complement of the special case.<br>
<br>
Unfortunately, "anaphora" has thus become ambiguous: (i) it refers
to backward-looking and forward-looking discourse reference
relations; (ii) it refers only to backward-looking relations.<br>
<br>
It would be good to have a standardization committee that resolves
this problem, because it seems that the discipline will otherwise
be stuck with ambiguity of a key term. (Personally, I would prefer
to use "anaphora" in the general sense, and to have a new term,
e.g. "epanaphora", for backward-looking relations; cf. Greek <span
class="VIiyi" lang="el"><span class="JLqJ4b ChMk0b"
data-language-for-alternatives="el"
data-language-to-translate-into="de" data-phrase-index="0"><span>κάτω
'down', </span></span></span><span class="VIiyi" lang="el"><span
class="JLqJ4b ChMk0b C1N51c"
data-language-for-alternatives="el"
data-language-to-translate-into="de" data-phrase-index="0"><span><span
class="VIiyi" lang="el"><span class="JLqJ4b ChMk0b"
data-language-for-alternatives="el"
data-language-to-translate-into="de"
data-phrase-index="0"><span>ε</span></span></span>πάνω
'up'. But this would be for a committee to decide.)<br>
<br>
Best,<br>
Martin<br>
</span></span></span><br>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">Am 30.05.21 um 19:37 schrieb paolo
Ramat:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CAEaecYEMxTyfuVyfUKFMoYy8Vy-5132hxUWXUcHTcaxOdZjk1g@mail.gmail.com">
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;
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<div dir="ltr">I agree with Bill: "anaphora" does not refer only
to "pronouns" or "pro-forms". In a sentence such as <i>The
jury found him guilty and the verdict shocked him deeply</i>
'the verdict' refers anaphorically (= looking backwards) to
what has been said in the first coordinated sentence. On the
contrary, <i>The verdict of the jury was: he is guilty </i>.
'the verdict' is in cataphoric (=looking forwards) position.
<div>I think that if we consider anaphora and cataphora
together, we can get a better understanding of both.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Paolo<br clear="all">
<div>
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<div class="gmail_quote">
<div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">Il giorno dom 30 mag 2021
alle ore 15:48 William Croft <<a
href="mailto:wcroft@unm.edu" target="_blank"
moz-do-not-send="true">wcroft@unm.edu</a>> ha
scritto:<br>
</div>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<div dir="ltr">
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)">Dear
all,</div>
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br>
</div>
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)">
I find the definition of "anaphora" implied in Ian's
post to presuppose a theory of anaphora that not
everyone, certainly not myself, agrees with. Namely,
that anaphora only happens across sentences, and/or
the only strategy for anaphora are "pronouns" or
"pro-forms". Both of these assumptions have been
debated, and there are different theories; see Croft
(2013) and references cited therein. I think
"anaphora" as a comparative concept should be defined
more broadly -- as I think it generally is -- to
accommodate different theories about the possible form
of anaphoric expressions, and their possible
distribution.</div>
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br>
</div>
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)">Bill</div>
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br>
</div>
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><span
style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Times,serif">Croft,
William. 2013. “Agreement as anaphora, anaphora as
coreference.” <i>Languages across boundaries:
studies in memory of Anna Siewierska</i>, ed. Dik
Bakker and Martin Haspelmath, 107-29. Berlin: De
Gruyter Mouton.</span><br>
</div>
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br>
</div>
<hr style="display:inline-block;width:98%">
<div
id="m_6276747821525630817gmail-m_2116705858491049862gmail-m_1961800351975216780divRplyFwdMsg"
dir="ltr"><font style="font-size:11pt" face="Calibri,
sans-serif" color="#000000"><b>From:</b> Lingtyp
<<a
href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>>
on behalf of JOO, Ian [Student] <<a
href="mailto:ian.joo@connect.polyu.hk"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">ian.joo@connect.polyu.hk</a>><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Sunday, May 30, 2021 1:54 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> LINGTYP <<a
href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] Term for
“non-pronominal anaphora"</font>
<div> </div>
</div>
<div>
<p
style="margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:12px;line-height:12pt;background:rgb(255,102,102)"><b><span
style="font-size:10pt;color:white"> [EXTERNAL]</span></b></p>
<div>
<div name="x_messageBodySection">
<div dir="auto">Dear all,<br>
<br>
thank you for your guidance.<br>
I think the closest form is “lexical/nominal
anaphora” but given the examples I’ve read so
far, it seems that they are different from the
lexical repetition within a clause.<br>
For example, in the following sentence, “the
guy” refers to John, but it’s not in the same
clause as “John”:<br>
“I know John_i. The guy_i has a dog.”<br>
But in the following Korean, the two occurences
of “John” are within the same clause:<br>
“John_i-kwa John_i-uy kay" (lit. John_i and
John_i’s dog)<br>
So I think the the within-clause repetition and
cross-clause repetition must be distinguished.<br>
Also I agree with Martin’s initial suggestion
that this Korean case shouldn’t be termed as
“anaphora” because it really isn’t anaphoric
reference. It’s just the repeated occurrence of
the same lexeme where you would expect anaphora
in an European language, so to call it anaphora
might be a little Euro-centric.</div>
</div>
<div name="x_messageSignatureSection"><br>
From Hong Kong,
<div dir="auto">Ian</div>
</div>
<div name="x_messageReplySection">On 27 May 2021,
11:41 PM +0800, Christian Chiarcos <<a
href="mailto:christian.chiarcos@web.de"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">christian.chiarcos@web.de</a>>,
wrote:<br>
<blockquote type="cite" style="border-left:thin
solid grey;margin:5px;padding-left:10px">
<div dir="ltr">
<div>Depends on the context, I guess. In the
area of *anaphor resolution* and *linguistic
annotation*, "nominal anaphora" is much more
established. "Lexical anaphora" is
potentially ambiguous, because it would also
cover or at least overlap with "verbal
anaphora", a term occasionally used for "do
so" constructions and/or verb repetitions.<br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Best,<br>
</div>
Christian<br>
</div>
<br>
<div>
<div dir="ltr">Am Fr., 21. Mai 2021 um
08:00 Uhr schrieb JOO, Ian [Student] <<a
href="mailto:ian.joo@connect.polyu.hk"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">ian.joo@connect.polyu.hk</a>>:<br>
</div>
<blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<div>
<div name="x_messageBodySection">
<div dir="auto"><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman"">Dear all,</span><br>
<br>
<span style="font-family:"Times
New Roman"">is there a term for
“non-pronominal anaphora”, i. e.
using personal names or titles for
anaphoric reference?</span><br>
<span style="font-family:"Times
New Roman"">Example:</span></div>
<blockquote style="border:medium
none;margin:0px 0px 0px
25px;padding:0px">
<div><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman""><span style="white-space:pre-wrap">Hyeng-kwa hyeng-uy chinkwu</span></span></div>
<div><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman""><span style="white-space:pre-wrap">older.brother-COM older.brother-GEN friend</span></span></div>
<div><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman"">`Older brother and
his (lit. older brother’s) friend’
(Korean)</span></div>
</blockquote>
<div dir="auto"><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman"">I tried to search it in
Google, but since I don’t know what
this phenomenon is called, I don’t
know what to search for.</span><br>
<span style="font-family:"Times
New Roman"">I would appreciate
your help.</span></div>
</div>
<div name="x_messageSignatureSection"><br>
Regards,
<div dir="auto">ian</div>
</div>
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