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Thanks to Randy LaPolla, Volker Gast and Christian Lehmann for
pointing to Halliday & Hasan's term "endophoric"!<br>
<br>
Unfortunately, this term has not caught on in general, and in
practice, the term "anaphoric" is widely used as a cover term for
"cataphoric" and "epanaphoric" (e.g. in Huang's 2000 overview book
"Anaphora"). I did a Twitter poll which confimed my hunch:<br>
<br>
<span class="css-901oao css-16my406 r-poiln3 r-bcqeeo r-qvutc0">"What's
the best cover term for "anaphoric" (backward-looking) and
"cataphoric" (forward-looking)?<br>
<br>
(A) phoric (35%)<br>
(B) endophoric (22%)<br>
(C) anaphoric (taken broadly) (43%)"<br>
</span><br>
(See <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://twitter.com/haspelmath/status/1400034485941460994">https://twitter.com/haspelmath/status/1400034485941460994</a>)<br>
<br>
Thus, "endophoric" is preferred only by a minority, and most people
think that "anaphoric" can be used as a cover term for both – hence
it seems best to use a new term ("epanaphoric") for the complement
of "cataphoric".<br>
<br>
Best,<br>
Martin<br>
<br>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">Am 01.06.21 um 20:31 schrieb Volker
Gast:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:05067be1-a970-1edf-c27f-d1d68a356915@uni-jena.de">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<p>Hi Martin,<br>
I'm not sure if we need a standardization committee here. Our
students grow up with the terminology established by M.A.K
Halliday, who distinguishes between 'endophoric' and 'exophoric'
reference. 'Endophoric' reference can be 'anaphoric' or
'cataphoric'. I'm not aware of the use of 'anaphoric' as
'forward-looking' (as this would be 'cataphoric' imho). And I
agree with everyone who thinks that anaphor(a) do(es) not have
to imply pronouns (that would be a matter of 'substitution', in
Halliday's terms). What's wrong with the taxonomy <br>
</p>
<p>exophoric vs. (endophoric (anaphoric vs. cataphoric ))<br>
</p>
<p>? <br>
</p>
<p>(And wouldn't 'ep(i)-ana-phoric' be redundant in this context?
Isn't 'anaphoric' originally '[carry] up[stream]', hence
'backward'?)</p>
<p>Best,<br>
Volker</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 31/05/2021 10:56, Martin
Haspelmath wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:2c818d17-49f2-e168-4e26-00ab1f6432b9@eva.mpg.de">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
charset=UTF-8">
Paolo's mention of the term pair "anaphora/cataphora" brings up
a frequent issue in terminology: When a new and relatively short
term (like "cataphora") is coined to refer to a special case,
then it is not clear whether the old term (here "anaphora")
refers to the general case or to the complement of the special
case.<br>
<br>
Unfortunately, "anaphora" has thus become ambiguous: (i) it
refers to backward-looking and forward-looking discourse
reference relations; (ii) it refers only to backward-looking
relations.<br>
<br>
It would be good to have a standardization committee that
resolves this problem, because it seems that the discipline will
otherwise be stuck with ambiguity of a key term. (Personally, I
would prefer to use "anaphora" in the general sense, and to have
a new term, e.g. "epanaphora", for backward-looking relations;
cf. Greek <span class="VIiyi" lang="el"><span class="JLqJ4b
ChMk0b" data-language-for-alternatives="el"
data-language-to-translate-into="de" data-phrase-index="0"><span>κάτω
'down', </span></span></span><span class="VIiyi"
lang="el"><span class="JLqJ4b ChMk0b C1N51c"
data-language-for-alternatives="el"
data-language-to-translate-into="de" data-phrase-index="0"><span><span
class="VIiyi" lang="el"><span class="JLqJ4b ChMk0b"
data-language-for-alternatives="el"
data-language-to-translate-into="de"
data-phrase-index="0"><span>ε</span></span></span>πάνω
'up'. But this would be for a committee to decide.)<br>
<br>
Best,<br>
Martin<br>
</span></span></span><br>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">Am 30.05.21 um 19:37 schrieb paolo
Ramat:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CAEaecYEMxTyfuVyfUKFMoYy8Vy-5132hxUWXUcHTcaxOdZjk1g@mail.gmail.com">
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;
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<div dir="ltr">I agree with Bill: "anaphora" does not refer
only to "pronouns" or "pro-forms". In a sentence such as <i>The
jury found him guilty and the verdict shocked him deeply</i>
'the verdict' refers anaphorically (= looking backwards) to
what has been said in the first coordinated sentence. On
the contrary, <i>The verdict of the jury was: he is guilty </i>.
'the verdict' is in cataphoric (=looking forwards) position.
<div>I think that if we consider anaphora and cataphora
together, we can get a better understanding of both.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Paolo<br clear="all">
<div>
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<div class="gmail_quote">
<div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">Il giorno dom 30 mag
2021 alle ore 15:48 William Croft <<a
href="mailto:wcroft@unm.edu" target="_blank"
moz-do-not-send="true">wcroft@unm.edu</a>> ha
scritto:<br>
</div>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<div dir="ltr">
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)">Dear
all,</div>
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br>
</div>
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)">
I find the definition of "anaphora" implied in Ian's
post to presuppose a theory of anaphora that not
everyone, certainly not myself, agrees with. Namely,
that anaphora only happens across sentences, and/or
the only strategy for anaphora are "pronouns" or
"pro-forms". Both of these assumptions have been
debated, and there are different theories; see Croft
(2013) and references cited therein. I think
"anaphora" as a comparative concept should be
defined more broadly -- as I think it generally is
-- to accommodate different theories about the
possible form of anaphoric expressions, and their
possible distribution.</div>
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br>
</div>
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)">Bill</div>
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br>
</div>
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><span
style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Times,serif">Croft,
William. 2013. “Agreement as anaphora, anaphora as
coreference.” <i>Languages across boundaries:
studies in memory of Anna Siewierska</i>, ed.
Dik Bakker and Martin Haspelmath, 107-29. Berlin:
De Gruyter Mouton.</span><br>
</div>
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><br>
</div>
<hr style="display:inline-block;width:98%">
<div
id="m_6276747821525630817gmail-m_2116705858491049862gmail-m_1961800351975216780divRplyFwdMsg"
dir="ltr"><font style="font-size:11pt"
face="Calibri, sans-serif" color="#000000"><b>From:</b>
Lingtyp <<a
href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>>
on behalf of JOO, Ian [Student] <<a
href="mailto:ian.joo@connect.polyu.hk"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">ian.joo@connect.polyu.hk</a>><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Sunday, May 30, 2021 1:54 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> LINGTYP <<a
href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] Term for
“non-pronominal anaphora"</font>
<div> </div>
</div>
<div>
<p
style="margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:12px;line-height:12pt;background:rgb(255,102,102)"><b><span
style="font-size:10pt;color:white">
[EXTERNAL]</span></b></p>
<div>
<div name="x_messageBodySection">
<div dir="auto">Dear all,<br>
<br>
thank you for your guidance.<br>
I think the closest form is “lexical/nominal
anaphora” but given the examples I’ve read so
far, it seems that they are different from the
lexical repetition within a clause.<br>
For example, in the following sentence, “the
guy” refers to John, but it’s not in the same
clause as “John”:<br>
“I know John_i. The guy_i has a dog.”<br>
But in the following Korean, the two
occurences of “John” are within the same
clause:<br>
“John_i-kwa John_i-uy kay" (lit. John_i and
John_i’s dog)<br>
So I think the the within-clause repetition
and cross-clause repetition must be
distinguished.<br>
Also I agree with Martin’s initial suggestion
that this Korean case shouldn’t be termed as
“anaphora” because it really isn’t anaphoric
reference. It’s just the repeated occurrence
of the same lexeme where you would expect
anaphora in an European language, so to call
it anaphora might be a little Euro-centric.</div>
</div>
<div name="x_messageSignatureSection"><br>
From Hong Kong,
<div dir="auto">Ian</div>
</div>
<div name="x_messageReplySection">On 27 May 2021,
11:41 PM +0800, Christian Chiarcos <<a
href="mailto:christian.chiarcos@web.de"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">christian.chiarcos@web.de</a>>,
wrote:<br>
<blockquote type="cite" style="border-left:thin
solid grey;margin:5px;padding-left:10px">
<div dir="ltr">
<div>Depends on the context, I guess. In the
area of *anaphor resolution* and
*linguistic annotation*, "nominal
anaphora" is much more established.
"Lexical anaphora" is potentially
ambiguous, because it would also cover or
at least overlap with "verbal anaphora", a
term occasionally used for "do so"
constructions and/or verb repetitions.<br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Best,<br>
</div>
Christian<br>
</div>
<br>
<div>
<div dir="ltr">Am Fr., 21. Mai 2021 um
08:00 Uhr schrieb JOO, Ian [Student] <<a
href="mailto:ian.joo@connect.polyu.hk"
target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">ian.joo@connect.polyu.hk</a>>:<br>
</div>
<blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<div>
<div name="x_messageBodySection">
<div dir="auto"><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman"">Dear all,</span><br>
<br>
<span style="font-family:"Times
New Roman"">is there a term
for “non-pronominal anaphora”, i.
e. using personal names or titles
for anaphoric reference?</span><br>
<span style="font-family:"Times
New Roman"">Example:</span></div>
<blockquote style="border:medium
none;margin:0px 0px 0px
25px;padding:0px">
<div><span
style="font-family:"Times
New Roman""><span style="white-space:pre-wrap">Hyeng-kwa hyeng-uy chinkwu</span></span></div>
<div><span
style="font-family:"Times
New Roman""><span style="white-space:pre-wrap">older.brother-COM older.brother-GEN friend</span></span></div>
<div><span
style="font-family:"Times
New Roman"">`Older brother
and his (lit. older brother’s)
friend’ (Korean)</span></div>
</blockquote>
<div dir="auto"><span
style="font-family:"Times New
Roman"">I tried to search it
in Google, but since I don’t know
what this phenomenon is called, I
don’t know what to search for.</span><br>
<span style="font-family:"Times
New Roman"">I would
appreciate your help.</span></div>
</div>
<div name="x_messageSignatureSection"><br>
Regards,
<div dir="auto">ian</div>
</div>
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