<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Dear Ian,<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Here is an example from Hebrew poetry. This example has parallelism, but not exactly as tight parallelism as your Korean and Mongolian examples:</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Psalm 133:1</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">How good and pleasant it is when brothers live together in unity! </div><div class="">It is like precious oil poured on the head, running down on the beard, </div><div class="">running down on Aaron's beard, down upon the collar of his robes.</div><div class="">It is as if the dew of Hermon were falling on Mount Zion.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><b class="">Target domain ("metaphorical subject”):</b></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">How good and pleasant it is when brothers live together in unity! </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><b class="">Source domain ("metaphorical object”):</b></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><div class="">It is like precious oil poured on the head, running down on the beard, </div><div class="">running down on Aaron's beard, down upon the collar of his robes.</div><div class="">It is as if the dew of Hermon were falling on Mount Zion.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">There are more of these in Hebrew parallelism, but I think the vast majority are source domain first, then target domain following. </div><br class=""><br class=""><div class="">
<meta charset="UTF-8" class=""><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Best regards,<br class=""><br class=""></div><div style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><b class="">Jesse P. Gates, PhD<br class=""></b>Nankai University, School of Literature 南开大学文学院<br class=""><a href="https://nankai.academia.edu/JesseGates" class="">https://nankai.academia.edu/JesseGates</a><br class="">https://jessegates.academia.edu<br class=""><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><br class=""></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
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<div><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Jun 18, 2021, at 12:08 AM, JOO, Ian [Student] <<a href="mailto:ian.joo@connect.polyu.hk" class="">ian.joo@connect.polyu.hk</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><meta charset="UTF-8" class=""><div name="messageBodySection" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><div dir="auto" class=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" class="">Dear all,</span><br class=""><br class=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" class="">in Korean proverbs consisting of two parallel sentences, the metaphorical object precedes the metaphorical subject:</span></div><ul class=""><li class=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" class="">호랑이는 죽어서 가죽을 남기고, 사람은 죽어서 이름을 남긴다. A tiger leaves its hide when it dies, and a person leaves their name when they die.</span></li><li class=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" class="">열 길 물 속은 알아도 한 길 사람 속은 모른다. You can see through ten feet deep water, but you cannot see through a one foot deep heart.</span></li></ul><div dir="auto" class=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" class="">In these proverbs, the metaphorical objects (tiger, water) precede the metaphorical subjects (person, heart).</span><br class=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" class="">I have been assuming that this is the “natural” way of making a parallel comparison, until I came across Mongolian proverbs today that have the opposite structure: </span></div><ul class=""><li class=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" class="">Хүн ёс дагана, нохой яс дагана. A person follows traditions, and a dog follows bones.</span></li><li class=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" class="">Уур биеийг зовоодог, уул морийг зовоодог. The anger torments the body, and the mountain torments the horse.</span></li></ul><div dir="auto" class=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" class="">I assume here that the person and the body are being compared to the dog and the horse (and not the other way around).</span><br class=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";" class="">Is this metaphorical subject - metaphorical object order common in proverbs of other languages as well?</span><br class=""></div></div><div name="messageSignatureSection" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><br class="">From Hong Kong,<div dir="auto" class="">Ian</div></div><img alt="" src="https://www.polyu.edu.hk/emaildisclaimer/PolyU_Email_Signature.jpg" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class=""></span><p style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><br class=""><em class=""><font face="Times New Roman" size="3" class="">Disclaimer:</font></em></p><div style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p style="margin-top: 12px; margin-bottom: 12px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; margin-left: 0.5in;" class=""><i class=""><font face="Times New Roman" size="3" class=""><span class="">This message (including any attachments) contains confidential information intended for a specific individual and purpose. 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