<html><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Dear community,<br class=""><br class="">I am looking for literature on restrictive (‚only, just‘) markers.<br class=""><br class="">As shown in (1a–d) for Kewa (Nuclear Trans New Guinea > Enga-Kewa-Huli) pa, the type of marker I have in mind is often highly polyfunctional.<br class=""><br class="">(1)<br class="">a.<i class=""> <b class="">Pa</b> piru aa-lua koe le sa pi</i><br class=""><b class="">RSTR</b> stay stand.DUR-1SG:FUT bad thing put sit:PRS:1SG<br class="">‘(If) I don’t say something (lit: <b class="">just</b> stay) I have put something valueless.’ (Yarapea 2006: 311–312) <br class=""><br class="">b. <i class="">Oro kóko na-re-a pare <b class="">pa</b> ogépú kegaapú pe-a</i><br class="">really cold NEG-emit-PRS:3SG but <b class="">RSTR</b> little hot do-PRS.3SG<br class="">‘It is not really cold but (rather) <b class="">just</b> a little bit hot.’ (Franklin 1971: 116) <br class=""><br class="">c. Context: about raising pigs.<br class=""><i class="">Sapi adaa-ai <b class="">pa</b> maa ne-a robo-re ora adaa-ai popa a-ya</i><br class="">sweet_potato big-nom <b class="">RSTR</b> take eat-PRS:3SG when-TOP really big-NOM come stand-PRS:3SG<br class="">‘When it takes a sweet potato which is a big one and eats it (<b class="">without much effort</b>), it really becomes a big one.’ (Yarapea 2006: 286) <br class=""><br class="">d. Context: Relating about clan history.<br class=""><i class="">Paga Waimi-lopo-re koma-pe. Kodopea-re <b class="">pa</b> pi-a. Ee, Oge-re komi-sa-yaa.</i><br class="">P. W.-DU-TOP die-3DU:IMM.PST K.-TOP <b class="">RSTR</b> sit-PRS.3SG Yes, O.-TOP die-DIST.PST:3SG-EVID<br class="">‘Paga and Waimi died. Kodopea is <b class="">still</b> alive. Yes, Oge was reported to have died.’ (Yarapea 2006: 345) <br class=""><br class="">I’m mostly interested in cross-linguistic work. I have a suspicion that this type of marker is very common in Papunesia and perhaps Australia,<div class="">and I am sure people much more well versed In the languages of these macro-areas have written about this.<div class=""><br class="">Pointers to in-depth descriptions of individual markers will also be appreciated. The most detailed description that I am aware of is found</div><div class="">in Sarvasy’s (2017) grammar of Nungon (Nuclear Trans New Guinea > Finisterre-Huon), Other insightful discussions that I know of are found in</div><div class="">Döhler’s (2018) grammar of Komnzo (Yam) and Heath’s (1984) grammar of Wubuy (Gunwinyguan). I’m sure there are many more that I just</div><div class="">have not yet stumbled across.</div><div class=""><br class=""><div class="">Thank you all very much in advance!</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Bastian<br class=""><br class=""><u class="">References</u><br class="">Döhler, Christian. 2018. A grammar of Komnzo. Berlin: Language Science Press.<br class="">Franklin, Karl J. 1971. A grammar of Kewa, New Guinea. Canberra: Research School of Pacific & Asian Studies, Australian National University.<br class="">Sarvasy, Hannah S. 2017. A grammar of Nungon: A Papuan language of Northeast New Guinea. Leiden: Brill. <br class="">Yarapea, Apoi Mason. 2006. Morphosyntax of Kewapi. Canberra: ANU PhD thesis. </div></div></div></body></html>