<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Japanese (which is also aspect-dominated) works similarly; the examples from Western Dani could be translated literally (<i class="">kawa/chichi wa mada…</i>).<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Siva<br class=""><div><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On 4 Dec 2021, at 12:19 pm, Mark Donohue <<a href="mailto:mhdonohue@gmail.com" class="">mhdonohue@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div dir="ltr" class="">Why do we think there's no predicative content here?<div class="">Isn't <b class=""><i class="">bado</i></b>, or <i class=""><b class="">awo</b></i>, a predicate here?</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">This sort of thing is very common in many aspect-dominated languages.</div><div class="">An Indonesian conversation is frequently, depending on which variety you're speaking, full of one word sentences of the form <i class=""><b class="">sudah</b></i> (which translates 'already', and much else besides).</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">-Mark</div><div class=""><br class=""></div></div><br class=""><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, 3 Dec 2021 at 22:03, Bastian Persohn <<a href="mailto:persohn.linguistics@gmail.com" class="">persohn.linguistics@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br class=""></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div style="word-wrap:break-word;line-break:after-white-space" class="">Dear lingtyp members,<br class=""><br class="">Do you know of any good discussion of how clauses without any overt predicative content are interpreted, especially in regards to polarity?<br class=""><br class="">I’m thinking of the following type, where <i class="">bado</i> 'still' becomes its negative equivalent 'not yet' in the absence of overt predicative content, a pattern<div class="">that is attested in many languages around the globe.<div class=""><br class="">(1) <i class="">Imerudi kutengenezwa {au <b class="">bado</b>}?</i><br class="">it.has.returned be.fixed or still<br class="">ʻHas it (fan) be fixed again or not yet?ʼ<br class="">(Ashton 1947: 392)<br class=""><br class="">(2) <i class="">Kwa sasa maji yametoka mtoni (Malulumo) na kufika Mgera {lakini vijiji vingine <b class="">bado</b>}.</i><br class="">For now water it.has.come.from at.river M. and arrive M. but villages other still<b class=""><br class=""></b> ‘As for now, the water has come from the river (Malulumo) and reached Mgera, but not other villages yet.’</div><div class="">(Helsinki Corpus of Swahili 2.0)<br class=""> <br class="">Obviously, in (1, 2) the disjunctive context also plays a role, but cf. the Western Dani examples (3, 4).</div><div class="">Again, variations over the same theme appear to be pretty common.<br class=""><br class="">(3) <i class="">Yi <b class="">awo</b></i><br class="">river still<br class="">ʻThe river has not yet been swelled.ʼ</div><div class="">(Barclay 2008: 440)<br class=""><br class=""><div class="">(4) <i class="">Nin-ogoba <b class="">awo</b></i><br class="">our.father still<br class="">ʻOur father, no!ʼ (Barclay 2008: 441)</div></div></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Thanks a lot!</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Best,</div><div class="">Bastian</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><b class="">References</b></div><div class=""><div class=""><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif" class="">
</span><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" class="">Ashton, Ethel O. 1947. <i class="">Swahili grammar
(including intonation)</i>. London: Longmans, Green and Co</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif" class="">Barclay, Peter. 2008. </span><i style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif" class="">A grammar of Western Dani</i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif" class="">. Munich: Lincom.</span></p>
</div></div>_______________________________________________<br class="">
Lingtyp mailing list<br class="">
<a href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank" class="">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br class="">
<a href="http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" class="">http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp</a><br class="">
</blockquote></div>
_______________________________________________<br class="">Lingtyp mailing list<br class=""><a href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" class="">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br class="">http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp<br class=""></div></blockquote></div><br class=""></div></body></html>