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    <p>Mohammad,</p>
    <p>You're very welcome.  Perhaps I could ask you a question of my
      own about the Hamedani dialect of Persian. I am interested in how
      you ask "What is your name?".  In Standard Persian I believe it is
      something like "Esme chi ache", or maybe "Esme to chie".  What
      would the equivalent sentence look like in Hamedani?</p>
    <p>Thanks,</p>
    <p>David</p>
    <p><br>
    </p>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 16/12/2021 21:52,
      <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:mrasekhmahand@yahoo.com">mrasekhmahand@yahoo.com</a> wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
      cite="mid:8ef91d58-062f-4fa8-ae12-1217f9f49458@email.android.com">
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      <div dir="auto">Dear David,
        <div dir="auto">Thank you very much. It seems that what you say
          about Malay is very similar to what we found in this Persian
          variety.</div>
        <div dir="auto">Best</div>
        <div dir="auto">Mohammad</div>
      </div>
      <div class="gmail_extra"><br>
        <div class="gmail_quote">On 16 Dec 2021 15:26, David Gil
          <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:gil@shh.mpg.de"><gil@shh.mpg.de></a> wrote:<br type="attribution">
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            .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
            <div>
              <p> </p>
              <p>Dear Mohammad,</p>
              <p> </p>
              <p>Malay/Indonesian has some of the things you are
                searching for.</p>
              <p> </p>
              <p>1.  In several varieties of Malay/Indonesian, there is
                a particle (Standard Malay/Indonesian <i>kah</i>,
                Papuan Malay <i>ka</i>, Kupang Malay <i>ko</i>) whose
                variegated functions include (a) forming a polar
                question; and (b) marking a content question, by
                cooccuring with a WH word.  The latter would be an
                example of double marking of content questions.</p>
              <p> </p>
              <p>2.  The verb <i>coba</i>, whose basic meaning is
                'try', is also commonly used as a polite imperative
                marker, and this latter use is also generalized to
                content questions, where it seems to mean something like
                "please try and answer this question".  I believe <i>coba</i>
                does not occur in polar questions (though I would have
                to double check this).</p>
              <p> </p>
              <p>In principle, the above two strategies should be able
                to cooccur with a WH word to yield what would be triple
                marking of content questions.  However I was not able to
                find any clear cut examples of this in our corpus, and I
                suspect that such triple marking might be precluded by
                the contradictory semantic values of the two forms, the
                particle <i>kah/ka/ko</i> being associated with a basic
                meaning of uncertainty, while <i>coba</i> seeming to
                maintain its implicit imperative function.  But this
                requires further thought ...</p>
              <p> </p>
              <p>David</p>
              <p><br>
              </p>
              <p> </p>
              <div>On 16/12/2021 09:33, mohammad rasekh wrote:<br>
              </div>
              <blockquote>
                <div style="font-size:16px;font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                  york' , 'times' , serif">
                  <div>
                    <div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                      york' , 'times' , serif">Dear all,</div>
                    <div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                      york' , 'times' , serif">A student of mine while
                      gathering a spoken corpus for a geographical
                      variety of Persian has noticed that this variety
                      is using a fixed form of the verb to see, 'bin-i'
                      (see-2SG) as polar question marker (1) and in
                      content questions (2,3) along with wh-word:</div>
                    <div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                      york' , 'times' , serif"><br>
                    </div>
                    <div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                      york' , 'times' , serif">1) bin-i         miy-<i><span
style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times new roman' ,
                          serif;color:black">ād?</span></i></div>
                    <div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                      york' , 'times' , serif">    see-2SG   come-3SG</div>
                    <div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                      york' , 'times' , serif">'Does s/he come?'</div>
                    <div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                      york' , 'times' , serif"><br>
                    </div>
                    <div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                      york' , 'times' , serif">2) bin-i        koj<i><span
style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times new roman' ,
                          serif;color:black">ā-st?</span></i></div>
                    <div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                      york' , 'times' , serif"><i><span
                          style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
                          new roman' , serif;color:black">     see-2SG 
                             where-be.3SG</span></i></div>
                    <div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                      york' , 'times' , serif"><i><span
                          style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
                          new roman' , serif;color:black">    'Where is
                          s/he?'</span></i></div>
                    <div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                      york' , 'times' , serif"><i><span
                          style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
                          new roman' , serif;color:black"><br>
                        </span></i></div>
                    <div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                      york' , 'times' , serif"> <span style="color:rgb(
                        0 , 0 , 0 );font-family:'garamond' , 'new york'
                        , 'times' , serif;font-size:16px">3) bin-i     
                          <i><span
                            style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
                            new roman' , serif;color:black">ši         <i><span
style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times new roman' ,
                                serif;color:black">šod-e?</span></i></span></i></span><br>
                    </div>
                    <div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                      york' , 'times' , serif"><span style="color:rgb( 0
                        , 0 , 0 );font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' ,
                        'times' , serif;font-size:16px"><i><span
                            style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
                            new roman' , serif;color:black"><i><span
                                style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
                                new roman' , serif;color:black">   
                                see-2SG      what   become-3SG</span></i></span></i></span></div>
                    <div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                      york' , 'times' , serif"><span style="color:rgb( 0
                        , 0 , 0 );font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' ,
                        'times' , serif;font-size:16px"><i><span
                            style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
                            new roman' , serif;color:black"><i><span
                                style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
                                new roman' , serif;color:black">   'What
                                happened?'</span></i></span></i></span></div>
                    <div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                      york' , 'times' , serif"><span style="color:rgb( 0
                        , 0 , 0 );font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' ,
                        'times' , serif;font-size:16px"><i><span
                            style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
                            new roman' , serif;color:black"><i><span
                                style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
                                new roman' , serif;color:black"><br>
                              </span></i></span></i></span></div>
                    <div dir="ltr"><span style="color:rgb( 0 , 0 , 0
                        );font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' , 'times'
                        , serif;font-size:16px">Two questions:</span></div>
                    <div dir="ltr"><span style="color:rgb( 0 , 0 , 0
                        );font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' , 'times'
                        , serif;font-size:16px">First: Is there any
                        other language which uses a polar question
                        marker originating from verb?</span></div>
                    <div dir="ltr"><span style="color:rgb( 0 , 0 , 0
                        );font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' , 'times'
                        , serif;font-size:16px">Second: Is double
                        marking of content questions attested?</span></div>
                    <div dir="ltr"><span style="color:rgb( 0 , 0 , 0
                        );font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' , 'times'
                        , serif;font-size:16px"><br>
                      </span></div>
                    <div dir="ltr"><span style="color:rgb( 0 , 0 , 0
                        );font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' , 'times'
                        , serif;font-size:16px">All the best,</span></div>
                    <div dir="ltr"><span style="color:rgb( 0 , 0 , 0
                        );font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' , 'times'
                        , serif;font-size:16px">Mohammad </span><br>
                    </div>
                    <div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
                      york' , 'times' , serif"><span style="color:rgb( 0
                        , 0 , 0 );font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' ,
                        'times' , serif;font-size:16px"><br>
                      </span></div>
                    <div style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' ,
                      'times' , serif">
                      <div style="font-family:'garamond' , 'times' ,
                        serif;font-size:13px">
                        <div><font size="1" face="verdana, helvetica,
                            sans-serif" color="#4c76a2">Mohammad
                            Rasekh-Mahand </font></div>
                        <div><font size="1" face="verdana, helvetica,
                            sans-serif" color="#4c76a2">Linguistics
                            Department,</font></div>
                        <div><font size="1" face="verdana, helvetica,
                            sans-serif" color="#4c76a2">Bu-Ali Sina
                            University, </font></div>
                        <div><font size="1" face="verdana, helvetica,
                            sans-serif" color="#4c76a2">Hamedan, Iran.</font></div>
                        <div dir="ltr"><font size="1" face="verdana,
                            helvetica, sans-serif" color="#4c76a2">Postal
                            Code: 6517838695  </font></div>
                        <div><a
                            href="https://basu.academia.edu/MohammadRasekhmahand"
                            moz-do-not-send="true"><font size="1"
                              face="verdana, helvetica, sans-serif"
                              color="#4c76a2">https://basu.academia.edu/MohammadRasekhmahand</font></a><br>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
                <br>
                <fieldset></fieldset>
                <pre>_______________________________________________
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              </blockquote>
              <pre>-- 
David Gil

Senior Scientist (Associate)
Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, 04103, Germany

Email: <a href="mailto:gil@shh.mpg.de" moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">gil@shh.mpg.de</a>
Mobile Phone (Israel): +972-526117713
Mobile Phone (Indonesia): +62-81344082091

</pre>
            </div>
          </blockquote>
        </div>
        <br>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
David Gil

Senior Scientist (Associate)
Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, 04103, Germany

Email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:gil@shh.mpg.de">gil@shh.mpg.de</a>
Mobile Phone (Israel): +972-526117713
Mobile Phone (Indonesia): +62-81344082091

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