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<p>Mohammad,</p>
<p>You're very welcome. Perhaps I could ask you a question of my
own about the Hamedani dialect of Persian. I am interested in how
you ask "What is your name?". In Standard Persian I believe it is
something like "Esme chi ache", or maybe "Esme to chie". What
would the equivalent sentence look like in Hamedani?</p>
<p>Thanks,</p>
<p>David</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 16/12/2021 21:52,
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:mrasekhmahand@yahoo.com">mrasekhmahand@yahoo.com</a> wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:8ef91d58-062f-4fa8-ae12-1217f9f49458@email.android.com">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<div dir="auto">Dear David,
<div dir="auto">Thank you very much. It seems that what you say
about Malay is very similar to what we found in this Persian
variety.</div>
<div dir="auto">Best</div>
<div dir="auto">Mohammad</div>
</div>
<div class="gmail_extra"><br>
<div class="gmail_quote">On 16 Dec 2021 15:26, David Gil
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:gil@shh.mpg.de"><gil@shh.mpg.de></a> wrote:<br type="attribution">
<blockquote class="quote" style="margin:0 0 0
.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div>
<p> </p>
<p>Dear Mohammad,</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Malay/Indonesian has some of the things you are
searching for.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>1. In several varieties of Malay/Indonesian, there is
a particle (Standard Malay/Indonesian <i>kah</i>,
Papuan Malay <i>ka</i>, Kupang Malay <i>ko</i>) whose
variegated functions include (a) forming a polar
question; and (b) marking a content question, by
cooccuring with a WH word. The latter would be an
example of double marking of content questions.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>2. The verb <i>coba</i>, whose basic meaning is
'try', is also commonly used as a polite imperative
marker, and this latter use is also generalized to
content questions, where it seems to mean something like
"please try and answer this question". I believe <i>coba</i>
does not occur in polar questions (though I would have
to double check this).</p>
<p> </p>
<p>In principle, the above two strategies should be able
to cooccur with a WH word to yield what would be triple
marking of content questions. However I was not able to
find any clear cut examples of this in our corpus, and I
suspect that such triple marking might be precluded by
the contradictory semantic values of the two forms, the
particle <i>kah/ka/ko</i> being associated with a basic
meaning of uncertainty, while <i>coba</i> seeming to
maintain its implicit imperative function. But this
requires further thought ...</p>
<p> </p>
<p>David</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p> </p>
<div>On 16/12/2021 09:33, mohammad rasekh wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote>
<div style="font-size:16px;font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif">
<div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif">Dear all,</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif">A student of mine while
gathering a spoken corpus for a geographical
variety of Persian has noticed that this variety
is using a fixed form of the verb to see, 'bin-i'
(see-2SG) as polar question marker (1) and in
content questions (2,3) along with wh-word:</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif"><br>
</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif">1) bin-i miy-<i><span
style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times new roman' ,
serif;color:black">ād?</span></i></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif"> see-2SG come-3SG</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif">'Does s/he come?'</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif"><br>
</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif">2) bin-i koj<i><span
style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times new roman' ,
serif;color:black">ā-st?</span></i></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif"><i><span
style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
new roman' , serif;color:black"> see-2SG
where-be.3SG</span></i></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif"><i><span
style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
new roman' , serif;color:black"> 'Where is
s/he?'</span></i></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif"><i><span
style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
new roman' , serif;color:black"><br>
</span></i></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif"> <span style="color:rgb(
0 , 0 , 0 );font-family:'garamond' , 'new york'
, 'times' , serif;font-size:16px">3) bin-i
<i><span
style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
new roman' , serif;color:black">ši <i><span
style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times new roman' ,
serif;color:black">šod-e?</span></i></span></i></span><br>
</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif"><span style="color:rgb( 0
, 0 , 0 );font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' ,
'times' , serif;font-size:16px"><i><span
style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
new roman' , serif;color:black"><i><span
style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
new roman' , serif;color:black">
see-2SG what become-3SG</span></i></span></i></span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif"><span style="color:rgb( 0
, 0 , 0 );font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' ,
'times' , serif;font-size:16px"><i><span
style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
new roman' , serif;color:black"><i><span
style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
new roman' , serif;color:black"> 'What
happened?'</span></i></span></i></span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif"><span style="color:rgb( 0
, 0 , 0 );font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' ,
'times' , serif;font-size:16px"><i><span
style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
new roman' , serif;color:black"><i><span
style="font-size:10pt;line-height:115%;font-family:'times
new roman' , serif;color:black"><br>
</span></i></span></i></span></div>
<div dir="ltr"><span style="color:rgb( 0 , 0 , 0
);font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' , 'times'
, serif;font-size:16px">Two questions:</span></div>
<div dir="ltr"><span style="color:rgb( 0 , 0 , 0
);font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' , 'times'
, serif;font-size:16px">First: Is there any
other language which uses a polar question
marker originating from verb?</span></div>
<div dir="ltr"><span style="color:rgb( 0 , 0 , 0
);font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' , 'times'
, serif;font-size:16px">Second: Is double
marking of content questions attested?</span></div>
<div dir="ltr"><span style="color:rgb( 0 , 0 , 0
);font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' , 'times'
, serif;font-size:16px"><br>
</span></div>
<div dir="ltr"><span style="color:rgb( 0 , 0 , 0
);font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' , 'times'
, serif;font-size:16px">All the best,</span></div>
<div dir="ltr"><span style="color:rgb( 0 , 0 , 0
);font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' , 'times'
, serif;font-size:16px">Mohammad </span><br>
</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new
york' , 'times' , serif"><span style="color:rgb( 0
, 0 , 0 );font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' ,
'times' , serif;font-size:16px"><br>
</span></div>
<div style="font-family:'garamond' , 'new york' ,
'times' , serif">
<div style="font-family:'garamond' , 'times' ,
serif;font-size:13px">
<div><font size="1" face="verdana, helvetica,
sans-serif" color="#4c76a2">Mohammad
Rasekh-Mahand </font></div>
<div><font size="1" face="verdana, helvetica,
sans-serif" color="#4c76a2">Linguistics
Department,</font></div>
<div><font size="1" face="verdana, helvetica,
sans-serif" color="#4c76a2">Bu-Ali Sina
University, </font></div>
<div><font size="1" face="verdana, helvetica,
sans-serif" color="#4c76a2">Hamedan, Iran.</font></div>
<div dir="ltr"><font size="1" face="verdana,
helvetica, sans-serif" color="#4c76a2">Postal
Code: 6517838695 </font></div>
<div><a
href="https://basu.academia.edu/MohammadRasekhmahand"
moz-do-not-send="true"><font size="1"
face="verdana, helvetica, sans-serif"
color="#4c76a2">https://basu.academia.edu/MohammadRasekhmahand</font></a><br>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br>
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</blockquote>
<pre>--
David Gil
Senior Scientist (Associate)
Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
Email: <a href="mailto:gil@shh.mpg.de" moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">gil@shh.mpg.de</a>
Mobile Phone (Israel): +972-526117713
Mobile Phone (Indonesia): +62-81344082091
</pre>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br>
</div>
</blockquote>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
David Gil
Senior Scientist (Associate)
Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
Email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:gil@shh.mpg.de">gil@shh.mpg.de</a>
Mobile Phone (Israel): +972-526117713
Mobile Phone (Indonesia): +62-81344082091
</pre>
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