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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US">Dear Jesús, all,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US">In the Papuan dialect of Malay, <i>sampe</i>
'arrive' / 'until' may occur
in the following two constructions, which, although not the same
as the West African ones, seem to bear a family resemblance:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US">(1) A sampe</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US">(2) V sampeeeH X</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US">In (1), A is a scalar adjective, and <i>sampe</i>
has the effect of an
intensifier, 'very A'.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>This
construction
occurs only utterance finally, and the intonational peak is on
the A, with
<i>sampe</i> associated with a low "afterethought-like" contour.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US">In (2) <i>sampe</i> fuses with an ideophone
consisting of a super-long [e]
associated with High (or High falling) pitch.<span
style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>The meaning of (2) is 'V for a very long time until X'.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US">Similar constructions occur also in some of the
local languages of North
West New Guinea; Laura Arnold has looked at some of these.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US">These two constructions differ from the West
African ones in that they lack
an explicit expression meaning 'getting tired':<span
style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>in (1) there is nothing, while in (2) there is an overt
expression X
that is interpreted literally.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>However,
they share with the West African constructions a somewhat
unexpected
association between a form meaning 'until' and a notion of
excessivity, or, in
the case of (2) 'long time'.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US">I'd be interested in hearing of similar
constructions in other languages.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US">David</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
HE" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span></p>
<p>
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<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 05/01/2022 17:56, Jesus Francisco
Olguin Martinez wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CA+VCw5ersc=xKQEq=teWM1A4DB2-dQe==GLJvpf+z-g+0Ag6aw@mail.gmail.com">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<div dir="ltr">
<div dir="ltr">
<div class="gmail_default" style=""><font style=""
face="georgia, serif">Dear all,<br>
</font></div>
<div class="gmail_default" style=""><font face="georgia,
serif"><br>
</font></div>
<div class="gmail_default" style=""><font face="georgia,
serif">I hope this email finds you well.</font></div>
<div class="gmail_default" style=""><font face="georgia,
serif"><br>
</font></div>
<div class="gmail_default" style=""><font style=""
face="georgia, serif">I send you this message because in
my sample there are a couple of African languages (e.g.
Tommo So and Bangime) that <span
style="color:black;text-align:justify">have
a narrative construction in which the </span><i
style="color:black;text-align:justify">until</i><span
style="color:black;text-align:justify">-clause appears
with a verb
meaning ‘to get tired’ (e.g. <i>I worked I worked until
I get tired</i>). </span><span
style="color:black;text-align:justify">Note that this
clause does not necessarily denote
literal weariness or physical fatigue. Instead, this
construction is used in
contexts where speakers express that they carried out an
activity for a very
long time (e.g. <i>I worked I worked for a very long
time</i>). In this type of construction, </span><span
style="color:black;text-align:justify"> the first clause
in linear order denotes a prolonged
activity and is followed by a clause meaning ‘until I
got tired’ emphasizing
the extreme prolongation of the first situation. </span></font></div>
<div class="gmail_default" style=""><font style=""
face="georgia, serif"><span
style="color:black;text-align:justify"><br>
</span></font></div>
<div class="gmail_default" style=""><font style=""
face="georgia, serif"><span
style="color:black;text-align:justify">I was wondering
if you know any study that has explored this type of
construction or if you know any other African languages
that have this type of construction.</span></font></div>
<div class="gmail_default" style=""><span
style="color:black;text-align:justify;font-family:georgia,serif"><br>
</span></div>
<div class="gmail_default" style=""><span
style="color:black;text-align:justify;font-family:georgia,serif">Thank
you very much in advance.</span><br>
</div>
<div class="gmail_default" style=""><font style=""
face="georgia, serif"><span
style="color:black;text-align:justify"><br>
</span></font></div>
<div class="gmail_default" style=""><font style=""
face="georgia, serif"><span
style="color:black;text-align:justify">Best,</span></font></div>
<div class="gmail_default"
style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:small"><br>
</div>
-- <br>
<div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature">
<div dir="ltr">
<div
style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:16px;color:rgb(33,33,33);margin:0px"><font
face="AR CENA"><span style="font-size:14.6667px">Jesús
Olguín Martínez</span></font></div>
<div
style="color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:wf_segoe-ui_normal,"Segoe
UI","Segoe
WP",Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:15px;margin:0px"><font
size="2" face="Calibri,sans-serif"><span
style="font-size:11pt"><font face="AR CENA">Ph.D.
Candidate, Dept. of Linguistics</font></span></font></div>
<div
style="color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:wf_segoe-ui_normal,"Segoe
UI","Segoe
WP",Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:15px;margin:0px"><font
size="2" face="Calibri,sans-serif"><span
style="font-size:11pt"><font face="AR CENA"><i>University
of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB)</i></font></span></font></div>
<div
style="color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:wf_segoe-ui_normal,"Segoe
UI","Segoe
WP",Tahoma,Arial,sans-serif,serif,EmojiFont;font-size:15px;margin:0px"><font
size="2" face="Calibri,sans-serif"><span
style="font-size:11pt"><font face="AR CENA"><a
href="http://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/people/jes%C3%BAs-olgu%C3%ADn-mart%C3%ADnez"
style="color:rgb(17,85,204)" target="_blank"
moz-do-not-send="true">http://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/people/jesús-olguín-martínez</a></font></span></font></div>
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<br>
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<pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">_______________________________________________
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</pre>
</blockquote>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
David Gil
Senior Scientist (Associate)
Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
Email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:gil@shh.mpg.de">gil@shh.mpg.de</a>
Mobile Phone (Israel): +972-526117713
Mobile Phone (Indonesia): +62-81344082091
</pre>
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