<html><head></head><body><div class="ydpc700ff0yahoo-style-wrap" style="font-family: garamond, new york, times, serif; font-size: 16px;"><div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><div><p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi">Dear Colleagues,</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi">Thank you all for your very helpful
comments and introducing invaluable sources. Below I give you a summary of the
comments:</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi">-First, it seems that ‘expletive
negative’ is not a rare phenomenon and it could be found at least in some languages
mentioned by you: Turkish, <span style="color:#1D2228;background:white">Ayoreo
(Zamuco)</span>, Mandarin, Hebrew, Italian, French, Atong, Neo-Aramaic, Danish,
Japhug, Mongsen Ao, Georgian and maybe many more.</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228;background:white"><span> </span>-Second, as the examples show, this expletive negative
is mainly observed in adverbial clauses of time: ‘before’, ‘(not) as soon as’, ‘until’,
‘almost’ and ‘fear verbs’. </span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228;background:white">-
Third, there is an explanation suggested by David Gil that I quote here:</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbyiv7986062490msonormal" style="background:white"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black">=Temporal clauses are temporal in two senses: a) related to time
and b) not-permanent. A temporal clause cannot express a permanent state, but
negation is not compatible with temporal clauses – to the extent it is not
semantically phasal (“not yet” or “no longer”; cf. Heinämäki’s 1974: 183
example: <i>When the lights were not on, we took a nap.</i> cannot
mean that the lights were never on, negation must be interpreted phasally here,
that the lights probably were on most for of the time or at least quite
often.). Which opens up for negation markers being used for other senses than
polarity in temporal clauses.</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbyiv7986062490msonormal" style="background: white; orphans: 2; widows: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black">=Negation expresses non-identity
rather than identity. In temporal clauses, simultaneous is identity of events
and posterior and anterior is non-identity of events. It would be utterly
strange if negation was used in simultaneous temporal clauses (‘when, while’),
I do not know of a single example of this and wonder whether there are any. It
is, however, very clearly understandable that negation can be deployed for
posterior meanings (‘before’ and ‘until’) and for some anterior ones
(especially ‘as soon as’) since posterior and anterior is non-identity of
times.</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbyiv7986062490msonormal" style="background: white; orphans: 2; widows: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black">-Fourth, Gilles Authier and
Geoffrey Khan pointed at the possible language contact effect of this
phenomenon in this variety of Persian, probably influenced by Turkish and
Neo-Aramaic.</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228;background:white"> </span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228;background:white">Thank
you all again,</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228;background:white">Mohammad</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi">Sources:</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbyiv5900071096msonormal" style="margin:0in;background:white"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black">Abels, Klaus.<span> 2005. </span>“Expletive
negation” in Russian: a conspiracy theory. <i>Journal of Slavic
Linguistics</i> 13.1, 5–74.</span></p>
<p style="background:white"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black">Dobrushina, Nina. 2020. Negation in
complement clauses of fear-verbs. </span><i><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228">Functions of Language </span></i><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228">issn 0929-998x </span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#CCCCCC">| </span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228">e‐issn 1569-9765 © John Benjamins Publishing Company</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbyiv5900071096msonormal" style="margin:0in;background:white"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black">Espinal, M. Teresa. 2000. Expletive negation, negative concord and
feature checking. <i><span style="background:white">Catalan Working Papers
in Linguistics</span></i><span style="background:white"> 8: 47-69.</span></span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbyiv5900071096msonormal" style="margin: 0in; background: white; orphans: 2; widows: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black;background:white"> </span></p>
<div style="margin:0in;background:white"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black;background:white">Greco, M. 2020. On the syntax of surprise
negation sentences: A case study on expletive negation. <i>Natural
Language & Linguistic Theory</i> <i>38</i>(3), 775–825.</span></div><div style="margin:0in;background:white"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black;background:white"><br></span></div>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbyiv5900071096msonormal" style="margin:0in;background:white"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black">Heinämäki, Orvokki Tellervo. 1974. <i>Semantics of English
temporal clauses</i>. Ph.D. thesis. The University of Texas at Austin.</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbyiv5900071096msonormal" style="margin: 0in; background: white; orphans: 2; widows: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black;mso-ansi-language:DE"> </span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbyiv5900071096msonormal" style="margin:0in;background:white"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black;mso-ansi-language:DE">Hetterle, Katja. 2015. <i>Adverbial
Clauses in Cross-Linguistic Perspective</i>. Berlin: De Grutyer Mouton.</span> </p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi">Holisky, Dee A. 1981. Aspect theory and
Georgian aspect. <i>Syntax and Semantics</i> 14. 127-144.</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228">Hom, Lawrence. 2010. Multiple
negation in English and other languages. In Lawrence Horn (ed.), The expression
of negation, 111-148. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228">Jin, Yanwei & Jean-Pierre
Koenig. 2021. A cross-linguistic study of expletive negation. Linguistic
Typology 25(1). 39-78.</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228">Jin, Yanwei. 2021. Negation on
your mind: A cross-linguistic and psycholinguistic study of expletive
negation. Buffalo, NY: University at Buffalo dissertation.</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbyiv5900071096msonormal" style="margin:0in;background:white"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228;background:white;mso-ansi-language:X-NONE">Khan,
Geoffrey. <i>The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of the Assyrian Christians of Urmi</i>.
4 vols. Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics 86. Leiden-Boston: Brill,
2016. </span><span style="orphans: 2; widows: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; word-spacing: 0px;">vol. 2, p.499</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228;background:white">.</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi"> </span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbyiv5900071096msonormal" style="margin:0in;background:white"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black">Lewis, Geoffrey. 2000. <i>Turkish Grammar</i>. 2<sup>nd</sup> edition.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi"> </span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbyiv5900071096msonormal" style="margin:0in;background:white"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black">Iordanskaja, L. & I. Mel’čuk. 2009. Semantics of the Russian
conjunction <i>poka</i> ‘while, before, until’. </span><span lang="DE" style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black;mso-ansi-language:DE">In T. Berger, M. Giger, S. Kurt & I.
Mendoza, Hg., <i>Von grammatischen Kategorien und sprachlichen Weltbildern
– Die Slavia von der Sprachgeschichte bis zur Politsprache</i>. </span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:black">Wiener Slawistischer Almanach. Sonderband 73, 253–262. München.</span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228;background:white">Ramat,<span>
</span>P. </span><i style="orphans: 2; widows: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; word-spacing: 0px;">La comparazione negativa</i><span style="orphans: 2; widows: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; float: none; word-spacing: 0px;">,</span><span style="orphans: 2; widows: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="orphans: 2; widows: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; word-spacing: 0px;">«Archivio Glottologico Italiano» </span><span style="orphans: 2; widows: 2; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; word-spacing: 0px;"> 87/2002: 223-229.</span><span style="color: rgb(29, 34, 40); font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228">Wälchli (2018) discusses negation
and "before", "until", "as soon as"
clauses: </span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal;background:white"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228"><a href="https://doi.org/10.32798/bl.372" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="color:#196AD4">https://doi.org/10.32798/bl.372</span></a></span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi"> </span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;color:#1D2228;background:white"> </span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:Times New Roman;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi"> </span></p>
<p class="ydp45fe64cbMsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;font-family:Times New Roman,serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi"> </span></p></div><br></div><div><br></div><div class="ydpc700ff0signature"><div style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:13px;"><div><font color="#4c76a2" size="1" face="verdana, helvetica, sans-serif">Mohammad Rasekh-Mahand </font></div><div><font color="#4c76a2" size="1" face="verdana, helvetica, sans-serif">Linguistics Department,</font></div><div><font color="#4c76a2" size="1" face="verdana, helvetica, sans-serif">Bu-Ali Sina University, </font></div><div><font color="#4c76a2" size="1" face="verdana, helvetica, sans-serif">Hamedan, Iran.</font></div><div dir="ltr"><font color="#4c76a2" size="1" face="verdana, helvetica, sans-serif">Postal Code: 6517838695 </font></div><div><a href="https://basu.academia.edu/MohammadRasekhmahand" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><font color="#4c76a2" size="1" face="verdana, helvetica, sans-serif">https://basu.academia.edu/MohammadRasekhmahand</font></a><br></div></div></div></div>
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On Wednesday, January 12, 2022, 10:14:22 AM PST, Pier Marco Bertinetto <piermarco.bertinetto@sns.it> wrote:
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<div><div id="ydp3de2cefbyiv3619072778"><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div>This may be a marginal observation, but not unrelated to the topic.<br clear="none"></div><div>In Ayoreo (Zamuco), the connector 'before' (as in: <i>Before you came, I was worried</i>) is expressed as</div><div><i>uje cama</i> [uhe kama]</div><div>when not.yet<br clear="none"></div><div>(<i>uje</i> is a multifunctional connector, also expressing cause, and is also used as relative pronoun).</div><div>This suggests a possible path for the negation to insinuate in a temporal clause, for there is an obvious connection between 'when not yet' and 'until not'.</div><div>Best<br clear="none"></div><div>Pier Marco</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div><br clear="none"></div><br clear="none"></div><br clear="none"><div class="ydp3de2cefbyiv3619072778gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="ydp3de2cefbyiv3619072778gmail_attr">Il giorno mer 12 gen 2022 alle ore 16:14 Yanwei Jin <<a shape="rect" href="mailto:yanweiji@buffalo.edu" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">yanweiji@buffalo.edu</a>> ha scritto:<br clear="none"></div><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex;" class="ydp3de2cefbyiv3619072778gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr">Dear all,<div><br clear="none"></div><div>I think someone has already mentioned my work (with my advisor) <i>A cross-linguistic study of expletive negation</i> published in Linguistic Typology last year where we went over 722 languages, studied 5 languages in depth, collected a comprehensive list of expletive negation triggers (e.g., fear, before, prevent, almost, refuse, etc.), and provided a semantic and psycholinguistic account why this might be the case. I further expanded that paper with an investigation of more languages and several psycholinguistic experiments into my dissertation (<i>Negation on your mind: A cross-linguistic and psycholinguistic study of expletive negation</i>) which can be downloaded from Proquest. If anyone is interested in both works but has no access to them, I can send them to you. </div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>I am very interested to know that "as long as" also seems to trigger expletive negation as I did not notice this one when I was going over more than a thousand grammars in my dissertation. This is a new trigger for me to think about how to fit its semantic analysis into my previous account.</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>I should also point out that even in English, you can find expletive negation examples that borderline non-standard usage (or maybe dialect) and speech errors in spontaneous speech. Horn (2010) calls such usages "violations in parole".</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>a. I'll <i>miss</i> not seeing you around.</div><div>b. Well, really, how do I <i>keep from</i> not worrying?</div><div>c. It's been ages <i>since</i> I haven't posted anything here.</div><div>d. I don't know if I can <i>hold myself back from</i> not watching it.</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>I had lots of these English examples in my published paper and dissertation. What is fascinating here is that the expletive negation triggers found in English are highly similar to those in French, Mandarin, etc where expletive negation exists profusely, suggesting that this phenomenon definitely has some shared cognitive underpinnings across languages. What is truly different across languages is the degree to which expletive negation use is conventionalized. </div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>Reference</div><div>Jin, Yanwei & Jean-Pierre Koenig. 2021. A cross-linguistic study of expletive negation. Linguistic Typology 25(1). 39-78.<br clear="none"></div><div>Jin, Yanwei. 2021. Negation on your mind: A cross-linguistic and psycholinguistic study of expletive negation. Buffalo, NY: University at Buffalo dissertation.<br clear="none"></div><div>Hom, Lawrence. 2010. Multiple negation in English and other languages. In Lawrence Horn (ed.), The expression of negation, 111-148. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. <br clear="none"></div><div><br clear="none"></div><div><br clear="none"></div><div><br clear="none"></div></div><br clear="none"><div class="ydp3de2cefbyiv3619072778gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="ydp3de2cefbyiv3619072778gmail_attr">On Tue, Jan 11, 2022 at 10:18 AM mohammad rasekh <<a shape="rect" href="mailto:mrasekhmahand@yahoo.com" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">mrasekhmahand@yahoo.com</a>> wrote:<br clear="none"></div><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex;" class="ydp3de2cefbyiv3619072778gmail_quote"><div><div style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;"><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;">Dear All,</div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;">I hope you have started a happy new year.</div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;">In the corpus of one of my students in Hamedani Persian (a variety spoken in Hamedan, west of Iran), we have found some adverbial clauses in which the verb is marked by negative prefix, but it does not mean negative. These adverbial clauses mark Time (meaning 'as soon as') and Reason, or both at the same time. Some examples:</div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;"><br clear="none"></div><div dir="ltr"> <div><p style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;line-height:200%;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10pt;line-height:200%;font-family:Garamond, serif;color:black;"><span>1.<span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:New;">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: Garamond, serif; color: black; background-image: none; background-size: initial; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white;">i <span> </span>ke
<span> </span>kur <span> </span><b>na</b></span><b>-šod</b>, <span> </span>man
<span> </span>diye <span> </span>ruz-e xoš <span> </span><span> </span>na-didam</i></p>
<p style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;line-height:200%;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10pt;line-height:200%;font-family:New serif;"> he <span> </span>that
<span> </span>blind <span> </span>NEG-become, I <span> </span>anymore
day-EZ happy <span> </span>NEG-see-1SG </span></p>
<div style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;line-height:200%;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10pt;line-height:200%;font-family:New serif;"> As soon as he got blind, I had no good times.</span></div><div dir="ltr" style="line-height:200%;"><div><p style="line-height:200%;"><span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-stretch:normal;line-height:normal;"><font style="background-color:inherit;" face="Times New Roman, serif">2.</font></span><span style="font-family:New;font-size:7pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-stretch:normal;line-height:normal;"> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><i style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:New serif;">das <span> </span>ke <span> </span><b>ne-mi-ke</b></span></i><b style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;"><i><span style="font-family:New serif;">š</span></i></b><b style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;"><i><span style="font-family:New serif;">-i</span></i></b><i style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:New serif;"> <span> </span><span> </span>ru har</span></i><i style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:New serif;">č</span></i><i style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:New serif;">i, <span> </span><span> </span>x</span></i><i style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:New serif;">ā</span></i><i style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:New serif;">k-e</span></i></p>
<p style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;line-height:200%;"><span style="font-family:New serif;"> hand <span> </span>that<span> </span>NEG-IND-touch-2SG<span> </span>over<span> </span>everything,
<span> </span>dirty-BE.3SG</span></p>
<p style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;line-height:200%;"><span style="font-family:New serif;"> As you touch everything, it is dirty.</span></p></div></div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;line-height:200%;"><div dir="ltr" style="line-height:200%;">I wonder if there is any other language in which the adverbial clause is negative in form but not in meaning. I searched to find some evidence or some sources which mention this, but I was not successful. I appreciate your comments.</div><div dir="ltr" style="line-height:200%;">Best regards,</div><div dir="ltr" style="line-height:200%;">Mohammad </div></div></div></div><div style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:16px;"><div style="font-family:garamond, times, serif;font-size:13px;"><div><font size="1" face="verdana, helvetica, sans-serif" color="#4c76a2">Mohammad Rasekh-Mahand </font></div><div><font size="1" face="verdana, helvetica, sans-serif" color="#4c76a2">Linguistics Department,</font></div><div><font size="1" face="verdana, helvetica, sans-serif" color="#4c76a2">Bu-Ali Sina University, </font></div><div><font size="1" face="verdana, helvetica, sans-serif" color="#4c76a2">Hamedan, Iran.</font></div><div dir="ltr"><font size="1" face="verdana, helvetica, sans-serif" color="#4c76a2">Postal Code: 6517838695 </font></div><div><a shape="rect" href="https://basu.academia.edu/MohammadRasekhmahand" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><font size="1" face="verdana, helvetica, sans-serif" color="#4c76a2">https://basu.academia.edu/MohammadRasekhmahand<br clear="none"></font></a><br clear="none"></div></div></div></div></div>_______________________________________________<br clear="none">
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