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    <p><font face="Calibri">Dear Yi-Yang,</font></p>
    <p><font face="Calibri">It looks like I misunderstood a passage in
        your last message (what was recruited where), sorry about that!<br>
        And yes, I would be interested to know what grows from it.</font></p>
    <p><font face="Calibri">All best,<br>
        Sasha</font><br>
    </p>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">23/02/2022 21:52, Yi-Yang Cheng пишет:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CAK_ru0StX-+LC2=xSQfbRR=RjyVww5Y-8WtfGerun9LvwjBhvg@mail.gmail.com">
      <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>Thanks so much for following up and for your paper, Sasha!
          <br>
        </div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>As Michael pointed out I wasn't thinking in terms of
          diachrony. In terms of the original question I had in mind, I
          think the fact that the "comitative" function is so restricted
          to the inclusory construction would suggest against
          establishing a comitative case category in the language.</div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>I am very inclined to explore what you were considering,
          though, which is that diachronically the locative functions
          may have come first. In fact, the Matu'uwal locatives have a
          lot of non-locative functions. The patterns are a bit messy,
          but some are used to mark the "E" argument (in what Dixon
          calls the extended intransitive clause), and others are used
          to mark temporal expressions. <br>
        </div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>These "extended" functions are very tricky in terms of how
          to organize them into paradigms, compared to both the spatial
          locative functions and core case markers (which may suggest a
          relatively short period of development?).</div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>In any case, I think a local typology project would be a
          natural first step for investigating this more!</div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>Best,</div>
        <div>Yi-Yang<br>
        </div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
      </div>
      <br>
      <div class="gmail_quote">
        <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Wed, Feb 23, 2022 at 2:06
          AM Alexandre Arkhipov <<a href="mailto:sarkipo@yandex.ru"
            moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">sarkipo@yandex.ru</a>>
          wrote:<br>
        </div>
        <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
          0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
          <div>
            <p><font face="Calibri">Dear Yi-Yang,</font></p>
            <p><font face="Calibri">I would suggest a correction: I
                think Michael meant (and I second that completely) that
                *inclusory* should not be equated with *comitative*
                (accompaniment), this is indeed a separate function. In
                many languages that do have inclusory constructions,
                they use the same marker as comitative, but there are
                various alternatives as well (e.g. juxtaposition,
                coordination or dedicated marking). See my paper
                (Arkhipov 2009) for some discussion and references.</font></p>
            <p><font face="Calibri">So what you have is probably
                locative-inclusory syncretism and not
                locative-comitative.<br>
                <br>
                But this does not mean that inclusory comes first --
                especially given the wide range of locative "flavours"
                that your markers cover, I would rather expect the
                inclusory function to have developed from (some)
                locative, but that's just a guess. A local typology
                would be indeed fairly interesting!<br>
              </font></p>
            <p><font face="Calibri">Arkhipov, Alexander. 2009.
                Comitative as a cross-linguistically valid category. In:
                P. Epps, A. Arkhipov (eds.) New Challenges in Typology
                2: Transcending the Borders and Refining the
                Distinctions.<br>
                (available on <a href="http://academia.edu"
                  target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">academia.edu</a>:
                <a
href="https://www.academia.edu/15009713/_2009_Comitative_as_a_cross_linguistically_valid_category"
                  target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"
                  class="moz-txt-link-freetext">https://www.academia.edu/15009713/_2009_Comitative_as_a_cross_linguistically_valid_category</a>)</font></p>
            <p>All best,<br>
              Alexandre<br>
              <br>
            </p>
            <div>22/02/2022 20:54, Yi-Yang Cheng пишет:<br>
            </div>
            <blockquote type="cite">
              <div dir="ltr">
                <div>Dear Michael,</div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div>I see! If I understand correctly: the starting
                  point would be the inclusory construction, which could
                  be exploiting other grammatical phenomena in the
                  language.</div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div>Based on this, then, it looks like in Matu'uwal
                  spatial locative markers are recruited in the
                  inclusory construction, which is a very restricted
                  environment in which these markers would be
                  interpreted as indicating accompaniment. <br>
                </div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div>Going back to the original question/problem I had
                  in mind, this would weaken any argument for
                  establishing comitative as a case category in the
                  language.</div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div>It's still interesting how it's spatial locatives
                  that are recruited here. I will need to check, but I
                  think in other closely related (Atayal) languages, it
                  might be the general coordinator (in the form <i>ru</i>)
                  that serves a similar function in inclusory
                  construction. This could lead to a nice typology
                  project on inclusory constructions across these
                  languages!</div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div>Thanks a lot!</div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div>Yi-Yang<br>
                </div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
              </div>
              <br>
              <div class="gmail_quote">
                <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, Feb 22, 2022
                  at 11:36 AM Michael Daniel <<a
                    href="mailto:misha.daniel@gmail.com" target="_blank"
                    moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">misha.daniel@gmail.com</a>>
                  wrote:<br>
                </div>
                <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px
                  0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
                  rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                  <div dir="auto">Let me be more specific - my hunch is
                    that you do not necessarily have to talk about
                    locative - comitative homophony in case of
                    accompaniment that is limited to inclusory
                    construction. Think of this - in some languages
                    inclusory constructions exploit juxtaposition and in
                    some others, i think, coordination. I am not sure
                    these are solid grounds for talking about homophony
                    between whatever other functions of juxtaposition
                    or.coordination and accompaniment. 
                    <div dir="auto"><br>
                    </div>
                    <div dir="auto">In other words, to my eyes,
                      inclusory constructions represent a function
                      apart, even if they have conceptually something in
                      common with accompaniment and sometimes even
                      originate from comitatives.</div>
                    <div dir="auto"><br>
                    </div>
                    <div dir="auto">Michael Daniel</div>
                  </div>
                  <br>
                  <div class="gmail_quote">
                    <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">вт, 22 февр. 2022
                      г., 22:19 Yi-Yang Cheng <<a
                        href="mailto:ycheng@ucsb.edu" target="_blank"
                        moz-do-not-send="true"
                        class="moz-txt-link-freetext">ycheng@ucsb.edu</a>>:<br>
                    </div>
                    <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px
                      0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
                      rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                      <div dir="ltr">
                        <div>Dear Michael,</div>
                        <div><br>
                        </div>
                        <div>Thanks so much for following up!</div>
                        <div><br>
                        </div>
                        <div>Yes, it appears that this is a case of
                          inclusory pronominal construction.</div>
                        <div><br>
                        </div>
                        <div>We may need to do a dedicated elicitation
                          session to find out more, but based on my
                          impression and experience with the language
                          this is only found in the first person.</div>
                        <div><br>
                        </div>
                        <div>So the markers <i>ki</i> and <i>cku</i>
                          always have locative usages unless they appear
                          in a sentence with a 1PL agent/actor, in which
                          case they would be interpreted as indicating
                          accompaniment "with".</div>
                        <div><br>
                        </div>
                        <div>Best,</div>
                        <div>Yi-Yang<br>
                        </div>
                        <div><br>
                        </div>
                        <div><br>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                      <br>
                      <div class="gmail_quote">
                        <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, Feb
                          22, 2022 at 11:05 AM Michael Daniel <<a
                            href="mailto:misha.daniel@gmail.com"
                            rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"
                            moz-do-not-send="true"
                            class="moz-txt-link-freetext">misha.daniel@gmail.com</a>>
                          wrote:<br>
                        </div>
                        <blockquote class="gmail_quote"
                          style="margin:0px 0px 0px
                          0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
                          rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                          <div dir="auto">Dear Yi-Yang,
                            <div dir="auto"><br>
                            </div>
                            <div dir="auto">judging from your examples,
                              this may be much more specific than
                              comitative / locative homophony. If I
                              understood well, is this not a case of not
                              just accompaniment but more specificall an
                              inclusory pronominal construction (we X =
                              'X and I'), somehow restricted to the
                              first person? Are inclusory constructions
                              attested elsewhere in the language, with
                              the second and the third person, and if
                              yes, how do they look? </div>
                            <div dir="auto"><br>
                            </div>
                            <div dir="auto">Michael Daniel</div>
                          </div>
                          <br>
                          <div class="gmail_quote">
                            <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">вт, 22
                              февр. 2022 г., 20:21 Yi-Yang Cheng <<a
                                href="mailto:ycheng@ucsb.edu"
                                rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"
                                moz-do-not-send="true"
                                class="moz-txt-link-freetext">ycheng@ucsb.edu</a>>:<br>
                            </div>
                            <blockquote class="gmail_quote"
                              style="margin:0px 0px 0px
                              0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
                              rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                              <div dir="ltr">
                                <div>Dear colleagues,</div>
                                <div><br>
                                </div>
                                <div>I am working with a colleague of
                                  mine on Matu'uwal (Mayrinax Atayal), a
                                  Formosan language showing a lot of
                                  case homophony. When looking at
                                  spatial locatives, we noticed an
                                  interesting case of homophony where
                                  markers that indicate <b>location</b>
                                  are formally identical to what can be
                                  analyzed as <b>comitatives</b>.</div>
                                <div><br>
                                </div>
                                <div>This is specifically seen in the
                                  markers <b><i>ki</i> (proper noun)</b>
                                  and <b><i>cku</i> (referential common
                                    noun)</b>. In the following
                                  sentences, they indicate participants
                                  construed as goals/recipients. To save
                                  space, I will not include more
                                  examples, but the two markers can
                                  indicate location and source as well.<br>
                                </div>
                                <div>
                                  <ul>
                                    <li><i>Muway kuing cu gaghap <u><b>ki</b>
                                          Hayung</u></i>. 'I gave some
                                      seeds <b>to Hayung.</b>'</li>
                                    <li><i>Pabuway kuing cu gaghap <u><b>cku</b>
                                          ulaqi' hani</u></i>. 'I will
                                      give some seeds <b>to this child</b>.'</li>
                                  </ul>
                                  The two markers can also be used to
                                  indicate accompaniment, but this is
                                  possible only when the agent/actor is
                                  a first-person plural pronoun. Notice
                                  that the proper noun vs. common noun
                                  distinction is maintained, although
                                  the latter allows still another marker
                                  <i>kinku</i> as well. (It looks like <i>kinku</i>
                                  only has the comitative function. It
                                  is still unclear whether there is any
                                  semantic or functional difference
                                  between <i>kinku</i> and <i>cku</i>,
                                  though.)<br>
                                </div>
                                <div>
                                  <ul>
                                    <li><i>Mitaal cami <u><b>ki</b>
                                          Lawsing</u> cu sinku'</i>. 'We
                                      checked on the hunting traps <b>with
                                        Lawsing</b>.' (We = me and
                                      Lawsing)</li>
                                    <li><i>Maglu cami <u><b>cku/<i><u><b>kinku</b></u></i>
                                          </b> xuil</u> musa' i ragiyax</i>.
                                      'We went into the forest <b>with
                                        the dog</b>.' (We = me and the
                                      dog)</li>
                                  </ul>
                                  We have been wondering whether we
                                  should posit two separate case
                                  categories here --- spatial locative
                                  vs. comitative --- and were wondering
                                  if anyone can offer us some
                                  suggestions or directions.</div>
                                <div><br>
                                </div>
                                <div>Is it common for spatial locatives
                                  and comitatives to be formally
                                  identical? Is this an unusual case of
                                  case homophony?</div>
                                <div><br>
                                </div>
                                <div>Also, if anyone can recommend any
                                  readings pertaining to whether a
                                  morpheme should be analyzed as a case
                                  marker instead of a preposition, it
                                  would be very helpful as well!<br>
                                </div>
                                <div><br>
                                </div>
                                <div>Thank you all very much in advance
                                  for this!</div>
                                <div><br>
                                </div>
                                <div>Best regards,</div>
                                <div>Yi-Yang<font color="#888888"><br>
                                  </font></div>
                                <br clear="all">
                                <br>
                                -- <br>
                                <div dir="ltr">
                                  <div dir="ltr">
                                    <div>Yi-Yang Cheng (he/him)<br>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>Ph.D. Candidate in Linguistics<font
                                        color="#888888"> |</font>
                                      University of California, Santa
                                      Barbara</div>
                                    <div>Visiting Scholar<font
                                        color="#888888"> |</font>
                                      Fairbank Center for Chinese
                                      Studies, Harvard University</div>
                                    <div>Graduate Student Affiliate |
                                      Center for Taiwan Studies, UC
                                      Santa Barbara</div>
                                    <div><a
                                        href="http://cheng-yiyang.org"
                                        rel="noreferrer noreferrer"
                                        target="_blank"
                                        moz-do-not-send="true"
                                        class="moz-txt-link-freetext">http://cheng-yiyang.org</a><br>
                                    </div>
                                    <div><br>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                              </div>
_______________________________________________<br>
                              Lingtyp mailing list<br>
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                                href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"
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                            </blockquote>
                          </div>
                        </blockquote>
                      </div>
                      <br clear="all">
                      <br>
                      -- <br>
                      <div dir="ltr">
                        <div dir="ltr">
                          <div>Yi-Yang Cheng (he/him)<br>
                          </div>
                          <div>Ph.D. Candidate in Linguistics<font
                              color="#888888"> |</font> University of
                            California, Santa Barbara</div>
                          <div>Visiting Scholar<font color="#888888"> |</font>
                            Fairbank Center for Chinese Studies, Harvard
                            University</div>
                          <div>Graduate Student Affiliate | Center for
                            Taiwan Studies, UC Santa Barbara</div>
                          <div><a href="http://cheng-yiyang.org"
                              rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"
                              moz-do-not-send="true"
                              class="moz-txt-link-freetext">http://cheng-yiyang.org</a><br>
                          </div>
                          <div><br>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </blockquote>
                  </div>
                </blockquote>
              </div>
              <br clear="all">
              <br>
              -- <br>
              <div dir="ltr">
                <div dir="ltr">
                  <div>Yi-Yang Cheng (he/him)<br>
                  </div>
                  <div>Ph.D. Candidate in Linguistics<font
                      color="#888888"> |</font> University of
                    California, Santa Barbara</div>
                  <div>Visiting Scholar<font color="#888888"> |</font>
                    Fairbank Center for Chinese Studies, Harvard
                    University</div>
                  <div>Graduate Student Affiliate | Center for Taiwan
                    Studies, UC Santa Barbara</div>
                  <div><a href="http://cheng-yiyang.org" target="_blank"
                      moz-do-not-send="true"
                      class="moz-txt-link-freetext">http://cheng-yiyang.org</a><br>
                  </div>
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                  </div>
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              <br>
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              <pre>_______________________________________________
Lingtyp mailing list
<a href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>
<a href="http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp" target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp</a>
</pre>
            </blockquote>
          </div>
          _______________________________________________<br>
          Lingtyp mailing list<br>
          <a href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"
            target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"
            class="moz-txt-link-freetext">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br>
          <a
            href="http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp"
            rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true"
            class="moz-txt-link-freetext">http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp</a><br>
        </blockquote>
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      <br>
      -- <br>
      <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature">
        <div dir="ltr">
          <div>Yi-Yang Cheng (he/him)<br>
          </div>
          <div>Ph.D. Candidate in Linguistics<font color="#888888"> |</font>
            University of California, Santa Barbara</div>
          <div>Visiting Scholar<font color="#888888"> |</font> Fairbank
            Center for Chinese Studies, Harvard University</div>
          <div>Graduate Student Affiliate | Center for Taiwan Studies,
            UC Santa Barbara</div>
          <div><a href="http://cheng-yiyang.org" target="_blank"
              moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">http://cheng-yiyang.org</a><br>
          </div>
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