<html><head></head><body><div style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 12.0px;"><div>And Mandarin has an ideophone for coughing. For instance, in Guizhou (Southwestern Mandarin) there is:</div>
<div> </div>
<div>kung kung kung 'the sound of coughing'</div>
<div> </div>
<div>In Standard Pinyin, this would probably be written kong kong kong, but there does not appear to be a standardized written form for this in Chinese either.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Followed by the general attributive marker de 的, this can function as an (intensifying) attribute of the noun for 'cough' or 'sound'.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>It can also be a verb 'to cough'.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Best,</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Andi Hölzl</div>
<div> </div>
<div> </div>
<div>
<div>
<div name="quote" style="margin:10px 5px 5px 10px; padding: 10px 0 10px 10px; border-left:2px solid #C3D9E5; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;">
<div style="margin:0 0 10px 0;"><b>Gesendet:</b> Freitag, 11. März 2022 um 10:58 Uhr<br/>
<b>Von:</b> "Raffaele Simone" <rsimone@os.uniroma3.it><br/>
<b>An:</b> "LINGTYP (lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org)" <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br/>
<b>Betreff:</b> [Lingtyp] An ideophone for cough?</div>
<div name="quoted-content">
<p> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Dear all, </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>working on a paper on ideophones and their place in grammar and lexicon I happened to wonder how things are concerning cough. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Romance languages and other which I am familiar with do not seem to have a standard ideophone for it and even less a stable an accepted written version of it. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Do you know languages that have an ideophone for cough and even more a way of indicating it in writing?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Thanks,</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Raffaele</p>
<p> </p>
<pre class="moz-signature">--
===============
Emeritus Professor, Università Roma Tre
Hon C Lund University
Membre de l'Académie Royale de Belgique
Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres de France
Accademico della Crusca
===============
Attività e pubblicazioni // Activity and publications <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://uniroma3.academia.edu/RaffaeleSimone" target="_blank">http://uniroma3.academia.edu/RaffaeleSimone</a></pre>
_______________________________________________ Lingtyp mailing list Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org <a href="http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp" target="_blank">http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div></div></body></html>