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<div dir="auto"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">The prosaic (non-ideophonic) words for ‘cough’ indeed have iconic association to /k/ and /o/. In Johansson et al. (2020), they find that /k/ and /o/ occur frequently in hundreds of words for ‘cough’
in genealogically unrelated languages:</span><br>
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<blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px;">
<div style="indent-level: 1"><span style="font-family:Times">COUGH, LUNG, SNORE and THROAT were also associated with [+round] and</span></div>
<div style="indent-level: 1"><span style="font-family:Times">[back], but instead of /u/, the most commonly occurring cardinal sound was /o/</span></div>
<div style="indent-level: 1"><span style="font-family:Times">in all cases. In addition, COUGH was also associated with [</span><span style="font-family:Helvetica">–</span><span style="font-family:Times">voice] which was</span></div>
<div style="indent-level: 1"><span style="font-family:Times">represented by the cardinal sound /k/. This seems to suggest that the common</span></div>
<div style="indent-level: 1"><span style="font-family:Times">phonetic denominator in the macro-concept PHARYNGEAL involves the back of</span></div>
<div style="indent-level: 1"><span style="font-family:Times">oral cavity and possibly also a somewhat more open mouth than the vowels of</span></div>
<div style="indent-level: 1"><span style="font-family:Times">AIRFLOW.</span></div>
<div style="indent-level: 1"><br>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div dir="auto">Johansson, N. E., Anikin, A., Carling, G., & Holmer, A. (2020). The typology of sound symbolism: Defining macro-concepts via their semantic and phonetic features. Linguistic Typology, 24(2), 253-310.</div>
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Regards,
<div dir="auto">Ian</div>
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<div name="messageReplySection">On 11 Mar 2022, 2:59 PM +0100, Giurgea Ion <giurgeaion@yahoo.com>, wrote:<br>
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<div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">Dear all,</div>
<div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">The Indo-European reconstructed root has a similar ideophonic basis - here is the entry in H. Rix (ed.,2001) Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben:</div>
<div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><1647007130881blob.jpg><br>
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<div>On Friday, March 11, 2022, 03:52:52 PM GMT+2, JOO, Ian [Student] <ian.joo@connect.polyu.hk> wrote:</div>
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<div>Dear Rafaelle,<br clear="none">
<br clear="none">
here are the translations of Korean 콜록콜록 khollok-khollok that I have retrieved from the Naver Dictionaries (dict.naver.com).<br clear="none">
<br clear="none">
Japanese ごほんごほん, こんこん. gohon-gohon, kon-kon<br clear="none">
Mandarin 喀喀 ，吭吭 ，咳咳 kākā, kēngkēng, kéké<br clear="none">
Vietnamese sù sụ, khù khụ<br clear="none">
Mongolian пөг пөг pög-pög<br clear="none">
Indonesian krok krok<br clear="none">
Thai โขลก ๆ, ค๊อก ๆ, แค๊ก ๆ khlôok khlôok, khóok khóok, khéek khéek<br clear="none">
<br clear="none">
Hope this helps.<br clear="none">
<br clear="none">
Also, if you are interested in ideophones and iconicity, please join our Facebook group on Iconicity:<br clear="none">
<a shape="rect" href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/lingicon" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.facebook.com/groups/lingicon</a><br clear="none">
We have a monthly Zoom seminar on Iconicity. You are welcome to share your work there.</div>
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<div><br clear="none">
From Uppsala,
<div>Ian</div>
</div>
<div id="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605yqt54298" class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605yqt8093187184">
<div>On 11 Mar 2022, 2:22 PM +0100, Csilla Kász, M.A. <ckasz@isfas.uni-kiel.de>, wrote:<br clear="none">
<blockquote type="cite" style="border-left-color:grey;border-left-width:thin;border-left-style:solid;margin:5px 5px;padding-left:10px;">
<p>Hello,</p>
<p>The Hungarian counterpart of a fake cough is quite similar to the Finnish, but is usually said twice:</p>
<p><em>Köhöm-köhöm</em></p>
<p>the pronunciation is [køhøm]</p>
<p>Best,</p>
<p>Csilla</p>
<div id="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605signature">---<br clear="none">
<div style="margin:0;padding:0;font-family:monospace;" class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605pre">
Csilla Kász<br clear="none">
<br clear="none">
Postanschrift:<br clear="none">
Institut für Skandinavistik, Frisistik und Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft -<br clear="none">
Abteilung für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft<br clear="none">
Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel<br clear="none">
Olshausenstraße 40<br clear="none">
D-24098 Kiel<br clear="none">
<br clear="none">
Tel. +49 431 880 2669</div>
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<p id="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605reply-intro">Am 2022-03-11 14:06, schrieb Jussi Ylikoski:</p>
<blockquote type="cite" style="padding:0 0.4em;border-left:#1010ff 2px solid;margin:0;">
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Dear all,</div>
<div style="font-family:Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif;font-size:10pt;color:#000000;">
</div>
<div style="font-family:Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif;font-size:10pt;color:#000000;">
[mˈm̥m], this discussion sounds interesting! For pronunciation and translations for
<em>ahem</em>, see <a shape="rect" id="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1LPNoLPOWALinkPreview" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ahem" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ahem</a> with the interlanguage links. I just added
<a shape="rect" title="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/kr%C3%B6h%C3%B6m" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/kr%C3%B6h%C3%B6m" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">
<em>kröhöm</em></a> into the Finnish entry at <a shape="rect" id="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1LPNoLPOWALinkPreview_1" href="https://fi.wiktionary.org/wiki/ahem" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">
https://fi.wiktionary.org/wiki/ahem</a>.</div>
<div style="font-family:Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif;font-size:10pt;color:#000000;">
</div>
<div style="font-family:Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif;font-size:10pt;color:#000000;">
Best,</div>
<div style="font-family:Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif;font-size:10pt;color:#000000;">
</div>
<div style="font-family:Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif;font-size:10pt;color:#000000;">
Jussi</div>
<div class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1_Entity ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1_EType_OWALinkPreview ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1_EId_OWALinkPreview_1 ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1_EReadonly_1">
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<div dir="ltr" id="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1divRplyFwdMsg"><span style="font-size:11pt;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;"><strong>Frá:</strong> Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> fyrir hönd David Gil <gil@shh.mpg.de><br clear="none">
<strong>Sent:</strong> föstudagur, 11. mars 2022 14:47<br clear="none">
<strong>Til:</strong> lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br clear="none">
<strong>Efni:</strong> Re: [Lingtyp] An ideophone for cough?</span>
<div> </div>
</div>
<div>
<p>Dear all,</p>
<p>Not exactly ideophones or coughing, but English has "harrumph" and "ahem" to denote a sort of fake cough intentionally produced to express disapproval and/or draw attention. (The two actually seem to differ in their status: whereas the former is kind of
a regular verb, I don't think I've ever heard "ahem" pronounced — it seems to exist only in written form.)</p>
<p>Do other languages have similar forms? </p>
<p>David</p>
<p><br clear="none">
</p>
<div class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_moz-cite-prefix">On 11/03/2022 11:58, Raffaele Simone wrote:</div>
<blockquote type="cite" style="padding:0 0.4em;border-left:#1010ff 2px solid;margin:0;">
<p><br clear="none">
</p>
<p class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_MsoNormal"><span>Dear all,</span></p>
<p class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_MsoNormal"><span>working on a paper on ideophones and their place in grammar and lexicon I happened to wonder how things are concerning cough.</span>
<span></span></p>
<p class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_MsoNormal"><span>Romance languages and other which I am familiar with do not seem to have a standard ideophone for it and even less a stable an accepted written version of it.</span>
<span></span></p>
<p class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_MsoNormal"><span>Do you know languages that have an ideophone for cough and even more a way of indicating it in writing?</span></p>
<p class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_MsoNormal">Thanks,</p>
<p class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_MsoNormal">Raffaele<br clear="none">
<span></span><span></span></p>
<p><br clear="none">
</p>
<pre class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_moz-signature">--
===============
Emeritus Professor, Università Roma Tre
Hon C Lund University
Membre de l'Académie Royale de Belgique
Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres de France
Accademico della Crusca
===============
Attività e pubblicazioni // Activity and publications <a shape="rect" href="http://uniroma3.academia.edu/RaffaeleSimone" class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://uniroma3.academia.edu/RaffaeleSimone</a></pre>
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<pre class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_moz-signature">--
David Gil
Senior Scientist (Associate)
Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
Email: <a shape="rect" href="mailto:gil@shh.mpg.de" class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_moz-txt-link-abbreviated" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">gil@shh.mpg.de</a>
Mobile Phone (Israel): +972-526117713
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<div id="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1appendonsend"></div>
<div style="font-family:Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif;font-size:10pt;color:#000000;">
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<div dir="ltr" id="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1divRplyFwdMsg"><span style="font-size:11pt;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;"><strong>Frá:</strong> Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> fyrir hönd David Gil <gil@shh.mpg.de><br clear="none">
<strong>Sent:</strong> föstudagur, 11. mars 2022 14:47<br clear="none">
<strong>Til:</strong> lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br clear="none">
<strong>Efni:</strong> Re: [Lingtyp] An ideophone for cough?</span>
<div> </div>
</div>
<div>
<p>Dear all,</p>
<p>Not exactly ideophones or coughing, but English has "harrumph" and "ahem" to denote a sort of fake cough intentionally produced to express disapproval and/or draw attention. (The two actually seem to differ in their status: whereas the former is kind of
a regular verb, I don't think I've ever heard "ahem" pronounced — it seems to exist only in written form.)</p>
<p>Do other languages have similar forms? </p>
<p>David</p>
<p><br clear="none">
</p>
<div class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_moz-cite-prefix">On 11/03/2022 11:58, Raffaele Simone wrote:</div>
<blockquote type="cite" style="padding:0 0.4em;border-left:#1010ff 2px solid;margin:0;">
<p><br clear="none">
</p>
<p class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_MsoNormal"><span>Dear all,</span></p>
<p class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_MsoNormal"><span>working on a paper on ideophones and their place in grammar and lexicon I happened to wonder how things are concerning cough.</span>
<span></span></p>
<p class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_MsoNormal"><span>Romance languages and other which I am familiar with do not seem to have a standard ideophone for it and even less a stable an accepted written version of it.</span>
<span></span></p>
<p class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_MsoNormal"><span>Do you know languages that have an ideophone for cough and even more a way of indicating it in writing?</span></p>
<p class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_MsoNormal">Thanks,</p>
<p class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_MsoNormal">Raffaele<br clear="none">
<span></span><span></span></p>
<p><br clear="none">
</p>
<pre class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_moz-signature">--
===============
Emeritus Professor, Università Roma Tre
Hon C Lund University
Membre de l'Académie Royale de Belgique
Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres de France
Accademico della Crusca
===============
Attività e pubblicazioni // Activity and publications <a shape="rect" href="http://uniroma3.academia.edu/RaffaeleSimone" class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://uniroma3.academia.edu/RaffaeleSimone</a></pre>
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<pre class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_moz-signature">--
David Gil
Senior Scientist (Associate)
Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
Email: <a shape="rect" href="mailto:gil@shh.mpg.de" class="ydpbcaf48dayiv7983908605v1x_moz-txt-link-abbreviated" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">gil@shh.mpg.de</a>
Mobile Phone (Israel): +972-526117713
Mobile Phone (Indonesia): +62-81344082091
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