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<p>One semantic parameter relevant in structuring this lexical field
might be the seriousness of the case, or maybe the earnestness of
the speaker/evaluator. One of the German near-synonyms of <i>lügen</i>
is <i>flunkern</i> - typically <i>ein bisschen flunkern</i>. You
would not use it to designate Putin's assertions concerning the
invasion into Ukraine. Nor could it figure in the ninth
commandment. On the other hand, it seems noteworthy that this
commandment does not say "You shall not lie." Instead, it says
“You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.” In my
understanding, this is a special, particularly serious case of
lying.</p>
-- <br>
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<p style="font-size:90%">Prof. em. Dr. Christian Lehmann<br>
Rudolfstr. 4<br>
99092 Erfurt<br>
<span style="font-variant:small-caps">Deutschland</span></p>
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<td>+49/361/2113417</td>
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<td>E-Post:</td>
<td><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:christianw_lehmann@arcor.de">christianw_lehmann@arcor.de</a></td>
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<td>Web:</td>
<td><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.christianlehmann.eu">https://www.christianlehmann.eu</a></td>
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