<div dir="ltr">I have to amend my previous statement about Yahgan. There IS a form kaiakaiiu:a (colon marks tenseness of the vowel preceding it) meaning 'alas, oh, dear me, what a pity'. But it is not appended to any nominal, and appears to be only found clause-initially (at least in the texts I've seen).<div><br></div><div>Jess Tauber</div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Thu, Jan 12, 2023 at 2:34 PM <<a href="mailto:brigitte.pakendorf@cnrs.fr">brigitte.pakendorf@cnrs.fr</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div class="msg-541271059703698909"><div lang="EN-GB"><div class="m_-541271059703698909WordSection1"><p class="MsoNormal"><span>Dear Christian,<u></u><u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span><u></u> <u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span>in addition to having numerous diminutive and augmentative morphemes, the Lamunkhin dialect of Even has 2 verbal suffixes that express compassion and/or endearment. <u></u><u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span><u></u> <u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span>See section 2.2.3 in Pakendorf (2017), Lamunkhin Even evaluative morphology in cross-linguistic comparison,<i> Morphology</i> 27:123–158 which you can find here:</span><span style="font-family:"Doulos SIL""> </span><a href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01960459v1" target="_blank"><span style="font-family:"Doulos SIL"">https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01960459v1</span></a>. (If there’s a glitch with the link, let me know and I’ll send you the pdf-file.)<span><u></u><u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span><u></u> <u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span>Best,<u></u><u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span><u></u> <u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span>Brigitte<u></u><u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span><u></u> <u></u></span></p><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR">*******************************</span><span lang="FR" style="font-size:12pt"><u></u><u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR">Brigitte PAKENDORF</span><span lang="FR" style="font-size:12pt"><u></u><u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR">Directrice de recherche / Senior scientist</span><span lang="FR" style="font-size:12pt"><u></u><u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR">Dynamique Du Langage<u></u><u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR"><a href="http://www.ddl.cnrs.fr/pakendorf" target="_blank">http://www.ddl.cnrs.fr/pakendorf</a></span><span lang="FR" style="font-size:12pt"><u></u><u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR">CNRS & Université Lumière Lyon 2</span><span lang="FR" style="font-size:12pt"><u></u><u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR">14 avenue Berthelot</span><span lang="FR" style="font-size:12pt"><u></u><u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR">69007 Lyon<u></u><u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR">FRANCE</span><span lang="FR" style="font-size:12pt"><u></u><u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span><u></u> <u></u></span></p><div><div style="border-right:none;border-bottom:none;border-left:none;border-top:1pt solid rgb(225,225,225);padding:3pt 0cm 0cm"><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US"> Lingtyp <<a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>> <b>On Behalf Of </b>Christian Döhler<br><b>Sent:</b> 12 January 2023 11:10<br><b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br><b>Subject:</b> [Lingtyp] Affectionate or sympathy marking<u></u><u></u></span></p></div></div><p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p><p class="MsoNormal">Dear colleagues,<br><br>I am looking for publications that address the difference between (1) and (2). In (2), the English adjective <i>poor</i> is used to signal the speaker's sympathy or affection towards the dog.<u></u><u></u></p><ol start="1" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal"><i>The dog is waiting for its owner.</i><u></u><u></u></li><li class="MsoNormal"><i>The poor dog is waiting for its owner.</i><u></u><u></u></li></ol><p class="MsoNormal">While English (and my native German) does this by extending the meaning of the adjective <i>poor </i>(and <i>arm</i> in German), other languages have special words with only that meaning. For example, Komnzo <i>bana </i>is a postposed adjective that only conveys sympathy. <br><br><i> ni bananzo namnzr karen.</i><br><i> </i>ni bana=nzo na\m/nzr kar=en<br> 1NSG SYMP=only 1PL:NPST:IPFV/stay village=LOC<br> 'Only we poor guys stay behind in the village' (subtext: 'while the others are going to the celebration in the neighbouring village')<br> (NSG = non-singular, SYMP = sympathy marker, NPST = nonpast)<br><br>Yet other languages seem to have special verb morphology for this. Van Tongeren describes this for Suki (her PhD grammar will probably be available later this year).<br><br>Pointers to more examples and publications of this are most welcome. I was googling this with keywords like "sympathy", "empathy", "affection", but with not much luck. So there might be a whole literature on this phenomenon under different terminology. If that's the case, then please excuse my ignorance.<i><br></i><br>Very Best,<br>Christian<br><br><br><u></u><u></u></p><pre>-- <u></u><u></u></pre><pre>Dr. Christian Döhler<u></u><u></u></pre><pre>Leibniz-Zentrum Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft (ZAS)<u></u><u></u></pre><pre>Schützenstraße 18<u></u><u></u></pre><pre>10117 Berlin<u></u><u></u></pre><pre>Raum: 445<u></u><u></u></pre><pre>Tel.: +49 30 20192 412<u></u><u></u></pre><pre><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9659-5920" target="_blank">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9659-5920</a><u></u><u></u></pre></div></div>_______________________________________________<br>
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