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Thank you all for contributing interesting data and for suggesting
further reading. That gives me plenty of food for thought.<br>
Best,<br>
Christian<br>
<br>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">Am 12.01.23 um 11:10 schrieb Christian
Döhler:<br>
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Dear colleagues,<br>
<br>
I am looking for publications that address the difference between
(1) and (2). In (2), the English adjective <i>poor</i> is used to
signal the speaker's sympathy or affection towards the dog.<br>
<ol>
<li><i>The dog is waiting for its owner.</i></li>
<li><i>The poor dog is waiting for its owner.</i></li>
</ol>
While English (and my native German) does this by extending the
meaning of the adjective <i>poor </i>(and <i>arm</i> in
German), other languages have special words with only that
meaning. For example, Komnzo <i>bana </i>is a postposed
adjective that only conveys sympathy. <br>
<br>
<i> ni bananzo namnzr karen.</i><br>
<i> </i>ni bana=nzo na\m/nzr
kar=en<br>
1NSG SYMP=only 1PL:NPST:IPFV/stay village=LOC<br>
'Only we poor guys stay behind in the village' (subtext:
'while the others are going to the celebration in the neighbouring
village')<br>
(NSG = non-singular, SYMP = sympathy marker, NPST = nonpast)<br>
<br>
Yet other languages seem to have special verb morphology for this.
Van Tongeren describes this for Suki (her PhD grammar will
probably be available later this year).<br>
<br>
Pointers to more examples and publications of this are most
welcome. I was googling this with keywords like "sympathy",
"empathy", "affection", but with not much luck. So there might be
a whole literature on this phenomenon under different terminology.
If that's the case, then please excuse my ignorance.<i><br>
</i><br>
Very Best,<br>
Christian<br>
<br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
Dr. Christian Döhler
Leibniz-Zentrum Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft (ZAS)
Schützenstraße 18
10117 Berlin
Raum: 445
Tel.: +49 30 20192 412
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9659-5920" moz-do-not-send="true">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9659-5920</a>
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