<div dir="ltr">In Yahgan, the progressive suffix is -gaiata, which on the surface appears to have no lexical verb source. But there is a form, akaiata/age:ata, meaning to 'reach' as with a hook or boat-pole and draw the object encountered close to one. Mu:tu: (from sit sg.) has no progressive sense in this language. There is a verb ka:taka which refers to incremental approach to some goal, and it was often used suffixially (with some aspectual sense related to the lexical gloss, but not fully grammaticalized, it would seem).<div><br></div><div>Jess Tauber</div><div><br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, Apr 18, 2023 at 4:28 AM Isabelle BRIL <<a href="mailto:isabelle.bril@cnrs.fr">isabelle.bril@cnrs.fr</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<div>
<p>Dear all,</p>
<p>In that line of thought, you might also be interested by a book
edited by Bril & Ozanne-Rivierre on Oceanic languages.</p>
<p><span>2004,<span style="color:black"> </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps">Bril I.</span> et F. <span style="font-variant:small-caps">Ozanne-Rivierre</span> (éditeurs), <i>Complex
predicates in Oceanic
languages: Studies in the dynamics of binding and boundness</i>.
</span><span lang="EN-GB">[Collection EALT 29].
Mouton de Gruyter</span></p>
<p>Best</p>
<p>Isabelle<br>
</p>
<div>Le 18/04/2023 à 05:47, Daniel Ross a
écrit :<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div dir="ltr">
<div>Dear Sune and others,</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>In Ross & Lovestrand (2018) and Ross (2021, ch.4) SVCs
with posture verbs are surveyed, and they were found in around
40% of languages with SVCs. "Posture SVCs" (especially with
SIT and STAND, also LIE, and rarely others) were defined to
include both literal posture constructions ("sit and read")
and also grammaticalized, especially aspectual functions (e.g.
"sit read" as progressive or similar). Development of a
progressive or similar function was very common in the sample,
while other functions of posture verbs were rarer. In general,
although I did not specifically look for this in the survey,
my impression is that habitual is not a typical function of
posture verbs in SVCs, and also overall I do not think that
habitual is a particularly common function of SVCs in general.
On the other hand, descriptive work on SVCs is generally
biased toward "famous" types like SIT as progressive, so it's
possible this is underreported. Regardless, given the examples
so far this appears to be especially frequent in ([Mainland?]
Southeast) Asian languages, so it seems possible to me that it
might be a regional feature rather than a typical pathway for
SVCs in general. Already in these few messages we have
examples from elsewhere, so I don't mean it would be a unique
development, but just that it's not the kind of extremely
common development that would be hard to attribute as a
regional feature like some other types of SVCs, such as SIT
progressives or TAKE instrumentals. I imagine that sometimes
progressive could further grammaticalize as habitual, but that
doesn't seem to be typical (although this may also be
under-reported).<br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>There is also a murky question for SVCs regarding at which
point we would consider them to be auxiliaries. One overly
strict criterion would be to require a lack of homophony to a
lexical verb, which would count English HAVE perfectives as
some kind of lexical construction (not SVC due to form, but
that's beside the point: Anderson 2006 is a relevant survey of
auxiliaries, finding that 'Auxiliary Verb Constructions' can
be of essentially any form, including all of those commonly
associated with "SVCs"). In this case, my instinct would be to
say that this is a relatively grammaticalized function,
although again that's just my impression from general
familiarity with SVCs, not too much with this specific type.
We could similarly consider SIT progressives to be auxiliary
constructions, except that there seems to be a continuum from
literal to grammaticalized usage (see Lødrup 2019 for a
detailed analysis of a similar construction where it isn't
clear how bleached it really is). With KNOW (for example), I
don't see a possible continuum via SVCs: in fact, this seems
to be some kind of complementation (paraphrased as "know how
to V", or maybe "be familiar with Ving", later
grammaticalizing as habitual). This complement-taking function
of KNOW is explicitly excluded by Haspelmath (2016: 305).
Whether or not we accept that particular argument, this seems
to violate the single-event criterion (however that should be
interpreted), because <i>knowing how to do something</i> and
<i>doing that action</i> are not co-extensive, so they don't
form a macro-event. I can know how to do something without
actually doing it: "I know how to speak Spanish" does not
entail that I am currently speaking Spanish. Interestingly,
habitual aspect similarly actually does not entail that the
predicate holds at the current moment: "I speak Spanish" does
not entail "I am speaking Spanish". Overall, this seems
removed from prototypical SVCs and suggests complementation as
a more likely source. I realize that some authors prefer to
use "SVC" for anything that looks like SVCs, especially in
languages with many SVCs, but that is a somewhat loose
classification focusing only on form (vs. function: see Ross
2021 about this specific issue for defining SVCs).<br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Anderson, Gregory D. S. 2006. Auxiliary verb constructions.
Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199280315.001.0001" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199280315.001.0001</a></div>
<div>Lødrup, Helge. 2019. Pseudocoordination with posture verbs
in Mainland Scandinavian: A grammaticalized progressive
construction? Nordic Journal of Linguistics 42(1). 87–110. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0332586519000027" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1017/S0332586519000027</a></div>
<div>Ross, Daniel & Joseph Lovestrand. 2018. What Do Serial
Verbs Mean? A Worldwide Survey. Presented at Syntax of the
World’s Languages (SWL) 8, INALCO, Paris, September 3, 2018. <a href="https://swl8.sciencesconf.org/data/pages/Ross_Lovestrand_SWL8.pdf" target="_blank">https://swl8.sciencesconf.org/data/pages/Ross_Lovestrand_SWL8.pdf</a></div>
<div>Ross, Daniel. 2021. Pseudocoordination, Serial Verb
Constructions and Multi-Verb Predicates: The relationship
between form and structure. University of Illinois
Urbana-Champaign Ph.D. dissertation. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5546425" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5546425</a></div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>I hope those notes may be helpful!<br>
</div>
<div>Daniel<br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<div class="gmail_quote">
<div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, Apr 17, 2023 at
7:33 PM Laura Arnold <<a href="mailto:Laura.Arnold@ed.ac.uk" target="_blank">Laura.Arnold@ed.ac.uk</a>>
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<div>
<div dir="ltr">
<div style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">Dear
Eva, dear Sune,</div>
<div style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><br>
</div>
<div style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">Ambel
(Austronesian > South Halmahera-West New Guinea) is
another example—in this case, the SVCs contain the
element <i>hey</i> 'good'. These are functionally very
similar to the Papuan Malay
<i>taw</i> constructions, and speakers often use the <i>taw
</i>constructions to translate the Ambel <i>hey</i> constructions. There
are further details in section 13.1.3.2 (especially
p550) of the Ambel grammar: <a href="https://laura-arnold.org/documents/Arnold_2018_AGrammarOfAmbel.pdf" id="m_4502655703353638346m_6044796011582652621LPlnk286044" target="_blank">https://laura-arnold.org/documents/Arnold_2018_AGrammarOfAmbel.pdf</a></div>
<div style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><br>
</div>
<div style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">Several
other nearby languages have similar constructions using
'good', which may also be analysable as SVCs. Let me
know if you'd like further information. </div>
<div style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><br>
</div>
<div style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">All
the best,</div>
<div style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">Laura</div>
<div style="font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><br>
</div>
<hr style="display:inline-block;width:98%">
<div id="m_4502655703353638346m_6044796011582652621divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font style="font-size:11pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)" face="Calibri,
sans-serif"><b>From:</b> Lingtyp <<a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>>
on behalf of Sune Gregersen <<a href="mailto:s.gregersen@isfas.uni-kiel.de" target="_blank">s.gregersen@isfas.uni-kiel.de</a>><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, April 17, 2023 09:20<br>
<b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>
<<a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Lingtyp] Query: Habitual serial verb
constructions</font>
<div> </div>
</div>
<div>
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<div>
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px">Dear
colleagues,<br>
</p>
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px">In
connection with an investigation of habitual
markers, we are looking for information on languages
which use serial verb constructions (SVCs) to
express habitual meaning, i.e. for customarily or
typically recurring situations. An example of this
is seen in (1), from Papuan Malay [ISO 639-3: pmy],
where the verb
<i>taw</i> can be combined with another verb to
express a habitual situation. Outside of this
construction, the verb
<i>taw</i> means 'know', as in (2):<br>
<br>
(1) Papuan Malay (Kluge 2023: 8)<br>
<i>dong <b>taw</b> maing foli</i><br>
3PL know play volleyball<br>
'they habitually play volleyball'<br>
<br>
(2) Papuan Malay (Kluge 2023: 7)<br>
<i>mama de blum <b>taw</b> tempat itu</i><br>
mother 3SG not.yet know place DISTAL.DEM<br>
'mother doesn’t yet know that place'<br>
<br>
We adhere to the definition of SVC offered by
Haspelmath (2016: 296): "a monoclausal construction
consisting of multiple independent verbs with no
element linking them and with no predicate–argument
relation between the verbs".<br>
<br>
That the verbs must be "independent" means that they
must be able to occur on their own in a
non-elliptical utterance (see Haspelmath [2016:
302–304] for details). This does not exclude the
possibility that the verbs in a SVC are pronounced
as a single phonological word. Hence the definition
also covers some constructions which may be termed
differently in grammars, e.g. "verb incorporation",
"verbal compounds", or "secondary verbs". An example
of such a SVC is seen in (3) from Northern Paiute
[pao]. The combination of 'kill' with<i> </i><i>čakwi</i>,
literally 'carry', gives the habitual meaning 'would
kill'. However, 'carry' may also be used as an
independent verb, as shown in (4):<br>
<br>
(3) Northern Paiute (Thornes 2003: 266)<br>
<i>nɨnmi kammɨ koi-<b>čakwi </b></i><br>
1.EXCL jackrabbit kill.PL-carry<br>
'We would kill jackrabbits.'<br>
<br>
(4) Northern Paiute (Snapp et al. 1982: 68)<br>
<i>baa-huu-na i gunna pa-to-<b>ǰakwi</b>-kɨ-kwɨnai-hu</i><br>
water-flow-SUBORD my wood
water-shoulder-carry-APPLIC-away-PUNCTUAL<br>
'The flood carried away my wood.'<br>
<br>
Apart from Papuan Malay and Northern Paiute, we have
examples from the following languages so far:
Anamuxra [imi], Dumo [vam], Kwomtari [kwo], Lao
[lao], Sezo [sze], Tariana [tae], and Yace [ekr]. We
would be most grateful for any information on other
habitual serial verb constructions, including verbal
compounds, in any language of the world.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px">With all
best wishes,<br>
Eva van Lier (Amsterdam) and Sune Gregersen (Kiel)</p>
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px">REFERENCES</p>
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px">Haspelmath,
Martin. 2016. The serial verb construction:
Comparative concept and cross-linguistic
generalizations. Language and Linguistics 17(3).
291–319.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/2397002215626895" target="_blank">
https://doi.org/10.1177/2397002215626895</a><br>
<br>
Kluge, Angela. 2023. Serial verb constructions in
Papuan Malay: Forms, functions and indeterminacy.
Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society
16(1). 1–36.
<a href="http://hdl.handle.net/10524/52507" target="_blank">
http://hdl.handle.net/10524/52507</a><br>
<br>
Snapp, Allen, John Anderson & Joy Anderson.
1982. Northern Paiute. In Ronald W. Langacker (ed.),
Studies in Uto-Aztecan grammar 3: Uto-Aztecan
grammatical sketches, 1-92. Dallas: Summer Institute
of Linguistics.
<a href="https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/8593" target="_blank">
https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/8593</a><br>
<br>
Thornes, Timothy Jon. 2003. A Northern Paiute
grammar and texts. Doctoral dissertation, University
of Oregon.<br>
</p>
</div>
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</pre>
</blockquote>
<pre cols="72">--
Isabelle Bril
Directeur de recherches (LACITO-CNRS)
Directeur d'Etudes à l'EPHE (Typologie et Typologie des langues austronésiennes)</pre>
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