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<p>Dear all,</p>
<p>in response to Pun Ho Lui's query, a couple of posts have
mentioned the well-known inclusory constructions. However, the
prototypical case of an inclusory construction is one in which the
clause contains an NP whose reference is WHOLLY INCLUDED in some
other numeral or number marking, e.g. (schematically)<br>
<br>
JOHN TWO WENT<br>
'John and his associate went'<br>
<br>
However, what Pun Ho Lui seems to be asking for is examples where
the numeral or number marking "summarizes", or is coextensive with
(rather than wholly including in its reference) some kind of list,
or conjunction, of referring expressions, e.g.<br>
<br>
JOHN BILL TWO WENT<br>
'John and Bill the two of them went'</p>
<p>Thus, while "summary numeral" constructions might fall within the
definition of "inclusory", most inclusories do not qualify as
summary numerals.</p>
<p>(BTW, as evidenced by the English rendition of the second example
'John and Bill the two of them went', summary numerals are
"almost" acceptable in standard English, and I suspect are fine in
some colloquial varieties of English.)</p>
<p>Another point: in cases where the numeral gloms on to the verb,
e.g.</p>
<p>JOHN BILL TWO-WENT<br>
'John and Bill the two of them went'</p>
<p>you end up with a garden variety example of number agreement.
The more"special" cases of the summary numeral construction are
those in which the numeral or number marking are not targets of
agreement but rather either separate forms or alternatively form a
constituent with the listed NPs, e.g.<br>
<br>
[ JOHN BILL TWO ] WENT<br>
'John and Bill the two of them went'</p>
<p>Best,</p>
<p>David</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 07/09/2023 02:41, Rachel Nordlinger
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:F8332E82-AB1F-4B8E-A317-D44FBD6A62FA@unimelb.edu.au">
<meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 15 (filtered
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Dear Joe,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><br>
These sorts of constructions are very common in Australian
languages and known as inclusory constructions – see Ruth
Singer’s work on the topic, e.g.
<a
href="https://rest.neptune-prod.its.unimelb.edu.au/server/api/core/bitstreams/fed14adf-fdcc-579e-8833-62e154eb0e11/content"
moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">
https://rest.neptune-prod.its.unimelb.edu.au/server/api/core/bitstreams/fed14adf-fdcc-579e-8833-62e154eb0e11/content</a></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Best wishes,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><br>
Rachel</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">-- </p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Professor Rachel Nordlinger
FAHA (she/her)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Director, Research Unit for
Indigenous Language</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Linguistics Discipline Chair</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>School of Languages and
Linguistics</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>University of Melbourne</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>VIC 3010, Australia</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span>I acknowledge the
Traditional Owners of the land where I live and
work, the Wurundjeri and Boon Wurrung people of
the Kulin Nations, and pay my respects to Elders
past and present.</span></i></b><span></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-SG">From:
</span></b><span lang="EN-SG">Lingtyp
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org"><lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org></a> on
behalf of Alexander Coupe <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:ARCoupe@ntu.edu.sg"><ARCoupe@ntu.edu.sg></a><br>
<b>Date: </b>Thursday, 7 September 2023 at 10:36 am<br>
<b>To: </b>Pun Ho Lui <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:luiph001@gmail.com"><luiph001@gmail.com></a>,
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">"lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"><lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org></a><br>
<b>Subject: </b>Re: [Lingtyp] Summary numeral in the
world languages</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG">Dear Joe,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG">You can add Mongsen Ao
(TB, Nagaland) to your list:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">
<span> <i>kiphuɹ nə áwkla khə ajila nət áhlù nə
zə̀k</i>.
<i><br>
</i> kiphuɹ nə [a-úk-la khə
a-ji-la nət]<sub>NP</sub> a-hlú
nə zə̀k<br>
owner <span>agt nrl</span>-pig-<span>f</span>
<span>conj</span> <span>
nrl</span>-dog-<span>f </span>two <span>
nrl</span>-field <span>all</span> send.<span>pst</span>
<br>
<span lang="EN-US">‘</span>An owner sent his
dog and his pig to his field.<span lang="EN-US">’</span>
(Coupe 2007: 114)<span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>There are more textual examples of
this on p</span><span lang="X-NONE">p. 207, 216, 217, 237,
239, 322, 325, 388, 469. </span><span lang="EN-US">‘</span><span
lang="X-NONE">Two</span><span lang="EN-US">’</span><span
lang="X-NONE"> seems to be the only numeral that occurs in
this role in my data, and I</span><span lang="EN-US">’</span><span
lang="X-NONE">m not sure if that</span><span lang="EN-US">’</span><span
lang="X-NONE">s because of defective sampling, or because
there is a constraint on the use of other numerals in the
summarizing function. The citation form of
</span><span lang="EN-US">‘</span><span lang="X-NONE">two</span><span
lang="EN-US">’</span><span lang="X-NONE"> is <i>anət</i>,
so the loss of the prefix suggests that the numeral is
somewhat grammaticalized in this construction.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="X-NONE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="X-NONE"><a
href="https://www.academia.edu/1317662/A_Grammar_of_Mongsen_Ao"
moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">https://www.academia.edu/1317662/A_Grammar_of_Mongsen_Ao</a>
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="X-NONE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="X-NONE">Best regards,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="X-NONE">Alec</span><span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
<div id="mail-editor-reference-message-container">
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-SG">From:
</span></b><span lang="EN-SG">Lingtyp
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org"><lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org></a> on
behalf of Pun Ho Lui <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:luiph001@gmail.com"><luiph001@gmail.com></a><br>
</span><b><span lang="EN-SG">Date: </span></b><span
lang="EN-SG">Wednesday, 6 September 2023 at 2:51 PM<br>
<b>To: </b><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"><lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org></a><br>
<b>Subject: </b>[Lingtyp] Summary numeral in the
world languages</span></p>
</div>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG">Dear All,</span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG">Haspelmath (2007)
and Croft (2022) discussed a coordinating construction
in which a numeral “summarizes” the number of
referents in a list. There are different strategies in
which the numeral behaves this way, e.g., a free
numeral (1); a dual affix on a coordinand (2); a dual
pronoun in apposition with the list+verb with dual
marker (3). These numeral may be mono-syndetic or
bi-syndatic.</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-SG">(1)</span></b><span
lang="EN-SG"> Zaozou</span><span lang="EN-SG"></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-SG">ŋu55-mu55
na53 phiɛ33
</span></b><span lang="EN-SG"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG">1-PL[EXCL]
two father_and_child </span><span lang="EN-SG"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG">“we two
(exclusive), my daughter and I.” (Li, 2020)</span><span
lang="EN-SG"></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG">(2) Kham </span></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG">syar
sono:h pusum-ni </span><span
lang="EN-SG"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG">louse
and flea-</span><span lang="EN-SG">DL
</span><span lang="EN-SG"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG">‘the
louse and the flea’ (Watters, 2004)</span><span
lang="EN-SG"></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
lang="EN-SG">(3) </span><span
lang="EN-SG"> </span><i><span
lang="EN-SG">Mapudungu<br>
</span></i><span lang="EN-SG">(iñché)
eymi inchiu i-y-u
</span><span lang="EN-SG"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
lang="EN-SG"> I you:</span><span
lang="EN-SG">SG
</span><span lang="EN-SG">we:</span><span
lang="EN-SG">DU
</span><span lang="EN-SG">eat-</span><span
lang="EN-SG">IND</span><span
lang="EN-SG">-1</span><span
lang="EN-SG">NONSG</span><span
lang="EN-SG">-</span><span
lang="EN-SG">DU</span><span
lang="EN-SG"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
lang="EN-SG"> </span><span
lang="EN-SG">‘You and I ate.’ </span><span
lang="EN-SG"></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
lang="EN-SG">Languages with
this construction I know are
Zaozou, Kham,
<i><span>Mapudungu, </span></i></span><span
lang="EN-US">Alto Perené<b>, </b>Bangla<b>,
</b>Cantonese<b>, </b>Mandarin<b>, </b>Papuan
Malay<b>, </b>Yakut<b>, </b> </span>
<span lang="EN-SG"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
lang="EN-US">Inari
Saami, Mongolian, Classical
Tibetan, Huallaga
Quechua, Wardaman, Khanty, Vedic
Sanskrit, Mparntwe
Arrernte, Daga, Mapudungu, Enets, Kham
and Hualapai</span><span
lang="EN-SG"></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
lang="EN-SG">I am wondering
if there are other languages
sharing similar
constructions.</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
lang="EN-SG">Thank you.</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
lang="EN-SG">Warmest,</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
lang="EN-SG">Joe Pun Ho Lui</span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG"> </span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-SG">
<hr width="100%">
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</pre>
</blockquote>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
David Gil
Senior Scientist (Associate)
Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
Email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:gil@shh.mpg.de">gil@shh.mpg.de</a>
Mobile Phone (Israel): +972-526117713
Mobile Phone (Indonesia): +62-082113720302
</pre>
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