<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Dear Christian,<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">I agree re: the terms being a bit unfortunate. Not my coinages, though.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Concerning your initial question, what about labeling the 'want to' clitic a <i class="">volitive</i>, making <i class="">desiderative</i> being available as a replacement for <i class="">favorative</i>?</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">As for apprehensionals, I do indeed understand them as involving negated [insert replacement term for <i class="">bouletic</i> here] possibility (there exists no world in which that s-o-a is in line with the speaker’s desires). This interpretation seems to be fully in line with most works on the topic, even if they do not make explicit use of the relevant terms.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Best,</div><div class="">Bastian</div><div class=""><div><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">Am 12.09.2023 um 12:58 schrieb Christian Lehmann <<a href="mailto:christian.lehmann@uni-erfurt.de" class="">christian.lehmann@uni-erfurt.de</a>>:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class="">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" class="">
<div class="">
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">Dear Bastian,<br class="">
<br class="">
just a short reply in the middle of what I hope will continue:<br class="">
Cabecar has a desiderative clitic in addition. [subject V=DES]
means 'subject wants to V'.<br class="">
<br class="">
Incidentally, I had commented on 'bouletic/boulomaic' and their
variants in <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348151626_Interlinguale_grammatische_Begriffe" class="">another
article</a>. Horrible terms from a classicist point of view.
However, you may be right that this kind of modality is, in fact,
involved. I wonder whether the Japanese and Australian
apprehensional categories would come under this modality, too.<br class="">
<br class="">
Thanks,<br class="">
Christian<br class="">
----------------------------------------------------------<br class="">
</div>
<blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:E4BE23C2-C144-4F7A-B273-ED930ACC1C1E@gmail.com" class="">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" class="">
<span class=""></span><span class="">Dear Christian,</span><span class=""><br class="">
</span><span class="">Adding to what Ellison said
(with apprehensionals sometimes being analyzed as a combination
of epistemic possibility and negative subjective evaluation of
the state-of-affairs in question), I’d suggest the slightly more
common label <br class="">
</span><span class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><br class="">
</span><span class=""><i class="">desiderative</i><br class="">
</span><span class=""><br class="">
</span><span class="">as the clitic seems to have a function (or
one if its functions) somewhere in the realm of bouletic (a.k.a.
boulomaic) modality/attitude in the sense of </span>„indicates[ing] the
degree of the speaker’s (or someone else’s) liking or disliking of
the state of affairs” (Nuts 2005: 12).
<div class="">
<div class=""><span style="text-indent: -48px;" class="" lang="EN-GB"><br class="">
</span></div>
<div class=""><span style="text-indent: -48px;" class="" lang="EN-GB">Nuyts, Jan. 2005. Modality: Overview and
linguistic issues. In William Frawley (ed.), <i class="">The
expression of modality</i>. </span><span style="text-indent: -48px;" class="" lang="ES">1–26. Berlin:
de Gruyter</span>
<div class=""><span class=""><br class="">
</span></div>
<div class=""><span class="">Hope this helps!</span></div>
<div class=""><span class=""><br class="">
</span></div>
<div class=""><span class="">Best,</span></div>
<div class=""><span class="">Bastian</span></div>
<div class="">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]-->
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>DE</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>EN-GB</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>AR-SA</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="false"
DefSemiHidden="false" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="376">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footer"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of figures"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope return"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Mention"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Smart Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hashtag"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Unresolved Mention"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Smart Link"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]-->
<!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Normale Tabelle";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:107%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<!--StartFragment--><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.45pt;mso-add-space:auto;text-indent:
-36.0pt"><br class="">
</p>
<!--EndFragment-->
<div class="">
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
<blockquote type="cite" class="">
<div class="">Am 12.09.2023 um 12:03 schrieb Ellison
Luk <<a href="mailto:ellisonluk@gmail.com" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" moz-do-not-send="true">ellisonluk@gmail.com</a>>:</div>
<br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
<div class="">
<div dir="ltr" class="">
<div class="">Dear Christian,</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">Functionally, this seems to be
comparable to the 'apprehensional' category
(found in many Australian, Austronesian, and
South American languages). Instead of conveying
something undesirable or regrettable, the
'favorative' seems to convey desirability or
satisfaction. Apprehensional markers also often
have epistemic modal functions too
(uncertainty), which might also be a function of
your marker, if I interpret the interrogative
sentence example correctly.<br class="">
</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">Best,</div>
<div class="">Ellison<br class="">
</div>
</div>
<br class="">
<div class="gmail_quote">
<div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, 12 Sept
2023 at 11:04, Christian Lehmann <<a href="mailto:christian.lehmann@uni-erfurt.de" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" moz-do-not-send="true">christian.lehmann@uni-erfurt.de</a>>
wrote:<br class="">
</div>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<div class=""> Here is a Cabecar clitic with
which I have been struggling for years: The
mobile enclitic <i class="">pa</i> attaches
to almost any constituent in a clause S at
almost any position and conveys something like
'S is/would be
good/better/convenient/desirable'. The
translation difference between 'is' and 'would
be' depends on the mood of the verb of S.<br class="">
<br class="">
With the indicative:<br class="">
<ol class="">
<li class=""><p style="break-inside:avoid;margin-top:0.21cm;break-after:avoid" class="" lang="zxx" align="left"><a name="m_-7489839403748840808___RefNumPara__1821223_1223437824" class="" moz-do-not-send="true"></a> <font class="" color="#008000">I
ks-á=jka=pa.</font></p>
</li>
</ol><p style="break-inside:avoid;margin-left:1.27cm;break-after:avoid" class="" align="left"> <font style="font-size:11pt" class="" size="2">3 sing-<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">pfv=atp=fav</span></font></p><p class=""> ‘Appropriately enough,
he already sang.’</p>
<ol class="">
<li class=""><p style="break-inside:avoid;margin-top:0.21cm;break-after:avoid" class="" lang="zxx" align="left"><a name="m_-7489839403748840808___RefNumPara__8061151_1223437824" class="" moz-do-not-send="true"></a> <font class="" color="#008000">Ká yís dä
jawá kú̱na̱=pa=ba.</font></p>
</li>
</ol><p style="break-inside:avoid;margin-left:1.27cm;break-after:avoid" class="" align="left"> <font style="font-size:11pt" class="" size="2"><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">neg</span>
1.<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">sg</span> <span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">cop</span>
healer <span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">n.val=</span></font><font style="font-size:11pt" class="" size="2"><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">fav</span></font><font style="font-size:11pt" class="" size="2"><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">=acp</span></font></p><p class=""> ‘I am not yet a healer
(as would be desirable).’</p>
<div class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
</div>
With the subjunctive:<br class="">
<ol class="">
<li class=""><p style="break-inside:avoid;margin-top:0.21cm;break-after:avoid" class="" lang="zxx" align="left"><a name="m_-7489839403748840808___RefNumPara__284052_3618361059" class="" moz-do-not-send="true"></a><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">S’
kí̱s-ö́=pa bá kú̱ bë́rbë́na̱
!</font></span></font></font></font></p>
</li>
</ol><p style="break-inside:avoid;margin-left:1.27cm;break-after:avoid" class="" align="left"> <font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt" class="" size="2">1.<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">sg</span> wait-<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">sbj</span>=</font></font><font style="font-size:11pt" class="" size="2"><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">fav</span></font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt" class="" size="2">
2.<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">sg</span> <span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">erg</span> for.a.while</font></font></p><p class=""> ‘<font class="" face="Cambria, serif">Please wait a moment
for me !’</font></p>
<ol class="">
<li class=""><p style="break-inside:avoid;margin-top:0.21cm;break-after:avoid" class="" lang="zxx" align="left"><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">Kë́</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">
</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">i
bak-ó̱-n-ó̱=pa </font></span></font></font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">!</font></font></p>
</li>
</ol><p style="break-inside:avoid;margin-left:1.27cm;break-after:avoid" class="" align="left"> <font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt" class="" size="2"><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">neg</span> 3 <font class=""><font style="font-size:11pt" class="" size="2">take.away</font></font>-<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">sbj</span>-<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">mid</span>-<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">sbj</span>=</font></font><font style="font-size:11pt" class="" size="2"><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">fav</span></font></p><p class=""> ‘<font class="" face="Cambria, serif">Let it not be taken
away !’</font></p><p class=""><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">In a subordinate
clause:</font></p>
<ol class="">
<li class=""><p style="break-inside:avoid;margin-top:0.21cm;break-after:avoid" class="" lang="zxx" align="left"><a name="m_-7489839403748840808___RefNumPara__3278621_1223437824" class="" moz-do-not-send="true"></a><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">Ma̱</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">
</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">kú̱
jé w-ó̱=pa kí̱</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">=</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">ka,
bá së́-r=mi̱</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">
</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">rä</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">
</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">báá.</font></span></font></font></font></p>
</li>
</ol><p style="break-inside:avoid;margin-left:1.27cm;break-after:avoid" class="" align="left"> <font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt" class="" size="2">[2.<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">sg</span> <span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">erg</span> <span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">d.med</span> do1-<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">sbj</span>=</font></font><font style="font-size:11pt" class="" size="2"><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">fav</span></font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><font style="font-size:11pt" class="" size="2"><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class=""></span> <span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">sup=lat</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">]</span> 2.<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">sg</span> feel:<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">non</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">-mid</span>(<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">ipfv</span>)=<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class=""><font class="">pot</font></span>
<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">tsa</span> nice</font></font></p><p class=""> ‘<font class="" face="Cambria, serif">Once</font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"> you would
</font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">have
</font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">conveniently</font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"> </font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">do</font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">ne</font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"> that</font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">, you </font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">might have
felt</font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"> good</font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">.’</font></p><p class=""><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">In an interrogative
sentence:</font></p>
<ol class="">
<li class=""><p style="break-inside:avoid;margin-top:0.21cm;break-after:avoid" class="" lang="zxx" align="left"><a name="m_-7489839403748840808___RefNumPara__636698_3340814270" class="" moz-do-not-send="true"></a> <font class="" color="#008000">… i te i
sh-á=k<font class="" face="Cambria, serif">á̱ </font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">ijé w</font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">ä́</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">=</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">n</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">a̠
</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">i
ju</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">ë́-n-</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">á̱</font></span></font></font><font class="" color="#008000"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"><span class="" lang="zxx"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">=pa
jé=ra ...</font></span></font></font></font></p>
</li>
</ol><p style="break-inside:avoid;margin-left:1.27cm;break-after:avoid" class="" align="left"> <font style="font-size:11pt" class="" size="2"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"> </font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">3 </font><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class=""><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">erg</font></span><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"> </font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">3 </font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">say-</font><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class=""><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">pfv=asc</font></span><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"> [3.</font><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class=""><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">ps</font></span><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"> face</font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">=</font><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class=""><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">in</font></span><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"> 3 see</font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">2</font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">-</font><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class=""><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">mid=</font></span></font><font style="font-size:11pt" class="" size="2"><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">fav</span></font><font style="font-size:11pt" class="" size="2"><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"> </font><span style="font-variant:small-caps" class=""><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">d.med=tmp]</font></span></font></p><p class=""> ‘…<font class="" face="Cambria, serif"> they </font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">added:
“Does he perhaps know?”</font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif"> ...</font><font class="" face="Cambria, serif">’ (Historia
p. 8)</font></p>
<div class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
</div>
<div class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
</div>
<div class=""> <br class="webkit-block-placeholder">
</div>
The subjunctive sentences would be imperatives
and jussives without <i class="">pa</i> and
are attenuated by it. I have never seen such a
thing before; and since it is so unfamiliar, I
cannot even translate it well into English. I
had at first called it 'optative'. There is,
however, a different particle with
illocutionary force which converts a
subjunctive sentence into an optative sentence
('Would that S!'), where S may or may not
contain <i class="">pa</i>.<br class="">
<br class="">
I don't expect anybody to come up with an
analysis of <i class="">pa</i> on the basis
of the above examples. My question is: Has
anybody ever seen such a thing? And if so, how
did you call it? I am not particularly happy
with my (or rather, my coauthor Guillermo's)
most recent neologism 'favorative'.<br class="">
<br class="">
-- <br class="">
<div class=""><p style="font-size:90%" class="">Prof. em.
Dr. Christian Lehmann<br class="">
Rudolfstr. 4<br class="">
99092 Erfurt<br class="">
<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">Deutschland</span></p>
<table style="font-size:80%" class="">
<tbody class="">
<tr class="">
<td class="">Tel.:</td>
<td class="">+49/361/2113417</td>
</tr>
<tr class="">
<td class="">E-Post:</td>
<td class=""><a href="mailto:christianw_lehmann@arcor.de" target="_blank" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" moz-do-not-send="true">christianw_lehmann@arcor.de</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="">
<td class="">Web:</td>
<td class=""><a href="https://www.christianlehmann.eu/" target="_blank" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.christianlehmann.eu</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
_______________________________________________<br class="">
Lingtyp mailing list<br class="">
<a href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" moz-do-not-send="true">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br class="">
<a href="https://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" moz-do-not-send="true">https://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp</a><br class="">
</blockquote>
</div>
_______________________________________________<br class="">
Lingtyp mailing list<br class="">
<a href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" moz-do-not-send="true">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br class="">
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp">https://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp</a><br class="">
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br class="">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br class="">
<fieldset class="moz-mime-attachment-header"></fieldset>
<pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">_______________________________________________
Lingtyp mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp">https://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp</a>
</pre>
</blockquote>
<br class="">
<br class="">
<div class="moz-signature">-- <br class=""><p style="font-size:90%" class="">Prof. em. Dr. Christian Lehmann<br class="">
Rudolfstr. 4<br class="">
99092 Erfurt<br class="">
<span style="font-variant:small-caps" class="">Deutschland</span></p>
<table style="font-size:80%" class="">
<tbody class="">
<tr class="">
<td class="">Tel.:</td>
<td class="">+49/361/2113417</td>
</tr>
<tr class="">
<td class="">E-Post:</td>
<td class=""><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:christianw_lehmann@arcor.de">christianw_lehmann@arcor.de</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="">
<td class="">Web:</td>
<td class=""><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.christianlehmann.eu/">https://www.christianlehmann.eu</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
_______________________________________________<br class="">Lingtyp mailing list<br class=""><a href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" class="">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br class="">https://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp<br class=""></div></blockquote></div><br class=""></div></body></html>