<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;">Dear Fang,<div><br></div><div>In Italian, at least in the north-eastern Tuscany varieties (i.e. Florence and neighboring areas), we have that kind of construction, though not particularly frequent and characterize by the following features:</div><div>- pragmatically marked meaning (simple emphasis);</div><div>- usually, specific prosody;</div><div>- usually, repetition of the verb.</div><div>For example:</div><div><br></div><div>Question: <i>Che <u>mangia</u> i’ figliolo?</i> ‘is the child <u>eating</u>?’ (lit. ‘that <u>eats</u> the child?’)</div><div>Answer: <i>mangia (mangia)</i> (lit. ‘eats, eats’) = ‘yes (indeed)’</div><div><br></div><div>I would say that it is possible in Florentine, but only under the mentioned specific conditions; that is, it is not a “standard” construction.</div><div><br></div><div>Hope this helps!</div><div><br></div><div>Best wishes,</div><div><br id="lineBreakAtBeginningOfMessage"><div>
<meta charset="UTF-8"><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir="auto" style="overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;">Edoardo Nardi, Ph.D.<br>Professor of Linguistics and Ancient Greek Language<br>Università degli Studi Guglielmo Marconi (Rome)<br>e.nardi@unimarconi.it</div></div></div></div></div>
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<div><br><blockquote type="cite"><div>Il giorno 12 dic 2023, alle ore 12:52, Hongmei Fang <hongmei.fang01@gmail.com> ha scritto:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div><div dir="ltr">Please distribute the following message. Thanks!<div><br><div><br></div><div>Dear all,<br><br>I am investigating echo answers, i.e. answers that repeat a fragment part of the polar question that they are responding to. In the following example from Finnish the verb from the question is repeated to mean 'yes'. <br><br>Question: <i>Osaa-ko Liisa puhua ranskaa?</i><br> Can-Q Liisa speak French<br> ‘Can Liisa speak French?’<br>Answer: <i>Osaa</i><br> can<br> ‘Yes.’</div><div><br>I am looking for specialists and/or native speakers of languages exhibiting this phenomenon who are willing to provide information. </div><div><br></div><div>I have collected data on some languages such as Finnish, Russian, Korean, Chinese, Portuguese, Thai, etc. I am expecting more.</div><div><br></div><div>Examples of other languages which have been reported to have echo answers are: </div><div>Aguaruna, Atong, Bandial, Bunaq, Chaha, Chickasaw, Chol, Evenki, Garifuna, Georgian, Gwa, Harari, Hindi, Hixkaryana, Hup, Imbabura Quechua, Kannada, Kobon, Latin, Malayalam, Marathi, Mauwake, Mualang, Rapanui, Semelai, Tamil, Tigrinya, Vietnamese, West Greenlandic, Wai Wai, Wari, Yeli Dnye, Yuyuca. </div><div><br></div><div>But if your language is not in this list but does exhibit echo answers, I would be equally interested.<br><br>Thanking you in advance for your reactions, which you can send to the email address below:</div><div><a href="mailto:h.m.fang@uva.nl">h.m.fang@uva.nl</a></div><div><br></div><div>Best regards,</div><div>Hongmei Fang</div><div><br></div><div><br><i>Postdoctoral researcher<br>University of Amsterdam<br>Spuistraat 210, 1012 VB<br>Amsterdam, The Netherlands</i><br></div></div></div>
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