<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:large;color:#0000ff">Dear Fang,</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:large;color:#0000ff">Most of the Indo-Aryan and Dravidian languages have echo answers, sometimes preceded by affirmative or negative yes/no but not necessarily.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:large;color:#0000ff">Anvita Abbi</div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Wed, Dec 13, 2023 at 6:13 AM Ian Joo <<a href="mailto:ian_joo@nucba.ac.jp">ian_joo@nucba.ac.jp</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div><div>Dear all,</div><div><br></div><div>regarding Paul’s comment, below are the Lexibank lists of “yes” and “no”s in different lects:</div><div><br></div><div><a href="https://lexibank.clld.org/parameters/1268" target="_blank">https://lexibank.clld.org/parameters/1268</a></div><div><a href="https://lexibank.clld.org/parameters/1269" target="_blank">https://lexibank.clld.org/parameters/1269</a></div><div><br></div><div>Regards,</div><div>Ian</div><div></div><br id="m_-4838472412792136409lineBreakAtBeginningOfMessage"><div>
<div>- - - - -<br>JOO, IAN 朱易安<br>Lecturer 助教<br>Faculty of International Studies 国際学部<br>Nagoya University of Commerce and Business 名古屋商科大学<br>Nisshin, Aichi, Japan 愛知県日進市<br><a href="https://ianjoo.github.io" target="_blank">https://ianjoo.github.io</a><br>- - - - -</div>
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<div><br><blockquote type="cite"><div>13/12/2023 오전 9:27, Ilana Mushin <<a href="mailto:i.mushin@uq.edu.au" target="_blank">i.mushin@uq.edu.au</a>> 작성:</div><br><div><div style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">I agree with Paul Hopper here. I’d be surprised if there was a language where you COULDN’T express affirmation by repetition. There’s work in Conversation Analysis that suggests this. Tanya Stivers (2023) ‘The Book of Answers’ OUP would be a good starting point.<u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">I was just yesterday transcribing some Garrwa (Northern Australian, non-Pama-Nyungan) conversations, and came across affirmative repetition answers in the 5 minutes or so that I transcribed.<span> </span><u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Ilana<u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></div><div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">-- <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Ilana Mushin FAHA<u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Professor of Linguistics<u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Deputy Head of School<u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Linguistics Major Convener<u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span id="m_-4838472412792136409cid:image001.png@01DA2DAA.3B2C9A40"><image001.png></span>Co-Editor, <i>Interactional Linguistics</i> (<a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/benjamins.com/catalog/il__;!!NVzLfOphnbDXSw!XIVG-R7E5WzAx0G3QYgTrakJEOa6L2OdXXKg1Lg7jusPiNeWF9btUHYhJlpCXsRdPeQ$" title="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://benjamins.com/catalog/il__;!!NVzLfOphnbDXSw!XIVG-R7E5WzAx0G3QYgTrakJEOa6L2OdXXKg1Lg7jusPiNeWF9btUHYhJlpCXsRdPeQ$" style="color:blue;text-decoration:underline" target="_blank"><span style="color:rgb(5,99,193)">https://benjamins.com/catalog/il</span></a>) <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt"> </span><span style="font-size:11pt"><u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt">School of Languages and Cultures</span><span style="font-size:11pt"><u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt">University of Queensland</span><span style="font-size:11pt"><u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt">St Lucia, QLD 4072.</span><span style="font-size:11pt"><u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Ph: (07) 3365 6810<u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.5pt">CRICOS Provider No: 00025B</span><span style="font-size:11pt"><u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:"Apple Chancery"">I acknowledge the Jagera and Turrbal peoples on whose land I live and work. Their sovereignty was never ceded.</span></b><span style="font-size:11pt"><u></u><u></u></span></div></div></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></div><div id="m_-4838472412792136409mail-editor-reference-message-container"><div><div style="border-width:1pt medium medium;border-style:solid none none;border-color:rgb(181,196,223) currentcolor currentcolor;padding:3pt 0cm 0cm"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 12pt;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif">From:<span> </span></span></b><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif">Lingtyp <<a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>> on behalf of Peter Arkadiev <<a href="mailto:peterarkadiev@yandex.ru" target="_blank">peterarkadiev@yandex.ru</a>><br><b>Date:<span> </span></b>Wednesday, 13 December 2023 at 1:24 am<br><b>To:<span> </span></b>Paul Hopper <<a href="mailto:hopper@cmu.edu" target="_blank">hopper@cmu.edu</a>>, Edoardo Nardi <<a href="mailto:e.nardi@unimarconi.it" target="_blank">e.nardi@unimarconi.it</a>><br><b>Cc:<span> </span></b><a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a> <<a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>><br><b>Subject:<span> </span></b>Re: [Lingtyp] REQUEST<u></u><u></u></span></p></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Dear All,<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">I am wondering if Anders Holmberg's 2016 book "The Syntax of Yes and No" (OUP) might be relevant for this discussion.<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Best regards,<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Peter<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">12.12.2023, 17:39, "Paul Hopper" <<a href="mailto:hopper@cmu.edu" target="_blank">hopper@cmu.edu</a>>:<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><blockquote style="margin-top:5pt;margin-bottom:5pt"><div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">An alternative formulation might be: which languages have particles that are specialized for affirmative or negative responses such as yes and no, and how common is this once areal phenomena are included. <u></u><u></u></span></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Paul<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">On Tue, Dec 12, 2023 at 7:17 AM Edoardo Nardi <<a href="mailto:e.nardi@unimarconi.it" style="color:blue;text-decoration:underline" target="_blank">e.nardi@unimarconi.it</a>> wrote:<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><blockquote style="border-width:medium medium medium 1pt;border-style:none none none solid;border-color:currentcolor currentcolor currentcolor rgb(204,204,204);padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0cm"><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Dear Fang,<u></u><u></u></span></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">In Italian, at least in the north-eastern Tuscany varieties (i.e. Florence and neighboring areas), we have that kind of construction, though not particularly frequent and characterize by the following features:<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">- pragmatically marked meaning (simple emphasis);<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">- usually, specific prosody;<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">- usually, repetition of the verb.<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">For example:<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Question:<span> </span><em><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Che<span> </span><u>mangia</u> i’ figliolo?</span></em><span> </span>‘is the child<span> </span><u>eating</u>?’ (lit. ‘that<span> </span><u>eats</u><span> </span>the child?’)<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Answer:<span> </span><em><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">mangia (mangia)</span></em> (lit. ‘eats, eats’) = ‘yes (indeed)’<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">I would say that it is possible in Florentine, but only under the mentioned specific conditions; that is, it is not a “standard” construction.<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Hope this helps!<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Best wishes,<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Edoardo Nardi, Ph.D.<br>Professor of Linguistics and Ancient Greek Language<br>Università degli Studi Guglielmo Marconi (Rome)<br><a href="mailto:e.nardi@unimarconi.it" style="color:blue;text-decoration:underline" target="_blank">e.nardi@unimarconi.it</a><u></u><u></u></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><blockquote style="margin-top:5pt;margin-bottom:5pt"><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Il giorno 12 dic 2023, alle ore 12:52, Hongmei Fang <<a href="mailto:hongmei.fang01@gmail.com" style="color:blue;text-decoration:underline" target="_blank">hongmei.fang01@gmail.com</a>> ha scritto:<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Please distribute the following message. Thanks!<u></u><u></u></span></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Dear all,<br><br>I am investigating echo answers, i.e. answers that repeat a fragment part of the polar question that they are responding to. In the following example from Finnish the verb from the question is repeated to mean 'yes'. <br><br>Question:<span> </span><em><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Osaa-ko Liisa puhua ranskaa?</span></em><br> Can-Q Liisa speak French<br> ‘Can Liisa speak French?’<br>Answer: <span> </span><em><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Osaa</span></em><br> can<br> ‘Yes.’<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"><br>I am looking for specialists and/or native speakers of languages exhibiting this phenomenon who are willing to provide information. <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">I have collected data on some languages such as Finnish, Russian, Korean, Chinese, Portuguese, Thai, etc. I am expecting more.<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Examples of other languages which have been reported to have echo answers are: <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Aguaruna, Atong, Bandial, Bunaq, Chaha, Chickasaw, Chol, Evenki, Garifuna, Georgian, Gwa, Harari, Hindi, Hixkaryana, Hup, Imbabura Quechua, Kannada, Kobon, Latin, Malayalam, Marathi, Mauwake, Mualang, Rapanui, Semelai, Tamil, Tigrinya, Vietnamese, West Greenlandic, Wai Wai, Wari, Yeli Dnye, Yuyuca. <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">But if your language is not in this list but does exhibit echo answers, I would be equally interested.<br><br>Thanking you in advance for your reactions, which you can send to the email address below:<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"><a href="mailto:h.m.fang@uva.nl" style="color:blue;text-decoration:underline" target="_blank">h.m.fang@uva.nl</a><u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Best regards,<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">Hongmei Fang<u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"><br><em><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Postdoctoral researcher</span></em><i><br><em><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">University of Amsterdam</span></em><br><em><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Spuistraat 210, 1012 VB</span></em><br><em><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Amsterdam, The Netherlands</span></em></i><u></u><u></u></span></div></div></div></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt">_______________________________________________<br>Lingtyp mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" style="color:blue;text-decoration:underline" target="_blank">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br><a href="https://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp" style="color:blue;text-decoration:underline" target="_blank">https://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp</a><u></u><u></u></span></div></div></blockquote></div></div></div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:11pt"> <u></u><u></u></span></div></div><div><div style="margin:0cm;font-size:10pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:gray"><a href="https://www.unimarconi.it/" style="color:blue;text-decoration:underline" target="_blank"><span style="color:gray;text-decoration:none"><span style="color:blue;border:1pt solid windowtext;padding:0cm"><img border="0" width="32" height="32" id="m_-4838472412792136409_x0000_i1032" style="width: 0.3333in; 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