<div dir="ltr"><div>Hi
Östen and all,</div><div><br></div><div>I agree with Siva's English sentence, although I wouldn't entirely disagree with the compatibility of "Mary submits her proposal today"/"Mary is submitting her proposal today".<br></div><div><br></div><div>In Hong Kong Cantonese (my native language, but not one I've worked on), I would probably use what I would call a 'focus nominalisation' construction, which uses the copula 係
<i>hai</i> and attributive
嘅
<i>ge</i>. In less careful speech, the copula can be dropped, but not the attributive, but I haven't marked this in the examples below. The modals are
要 <i>jiu </i>'obligation', 想 <i>soeng</i> 'intention',<i> </i>and 應該 <i>jinggoi</i>
'should (epistemic)' are optional and context-dependent, but feel more natural to me. (I've left out the tone marking, and /j/ represents a palatal approximant)<br></div><div><br> </div><div>1. Mary 係（要／想／應該）今日交個proposal嘅。</div><div><i>Mary hai (jiu / soeng / jinggoi) gamjat gaau go proposal ge</i><br></div><div>Mary COPULA (modals) today <a href="http://send.in">send.in</a> COUNTER proposal ATTRIBUTIVE</div><div>(=It is today that Mary submits the proposal.)<br></div><div><br></div><div>If "proposal" is the topic:</div><div><br></div><div>
2. 個proposal
Mary 係（要／想／應該）今日交嘅。 </div><div><i>go proposal Mary COPULA (jiu / soeng / jinggoi) gamjat gaau ge</i><br></div><div>COUNTER proposal Mary COPULA (modals) today <a href="http://send.in">send.in</a> ATTRIBUTIVE</div><div>(=As for the proposal, Mary is/was to submit it today)<br></div><div><br></div><div>If "today" is the topic:</div><div><br>
</div><div>3. 今日
Mary 係
（要／想／應該）交
個proposal嘅。 </div><div>
<i>gamjat </i>
<i>Mary COPULA (jiu / soeng / jinggoi) gaau go proposal ge</i>
</div><div>today Mary COPULA (modals) <a href="http://send.in">send.in</a> COUNTER proposal ATTRIBUTIVE<br></div><div>(=Today Mary is/was to submit the proposal)<br></div><div><br></div><div>In 2 and 3, the copula can also be moved before the subject 'Mary', but I don't think the meaning changes significantly.<br></div><div><br></div><div>I suppose the basic construction also works
technically, but to me they don't sound naturalistic or informative enough. Maybe if the modal markers are included.<br></div><div><br></div><div>
4. Mary今日交個proposal。 <br></div><div><i>Mary gamjat gaau go proposal</i></div><div>Mary today <a href="http://send.in">send.in</a> COUNTER proposal</div><div><br></div><div>5. 今日Mary交個proposal。 </div><div><i>gamjat Mary gaau go proposal</i></div><div>
today Mary
<a href="http://send.in">send.in</a> COUNTER proposal<br></div><div><br></div><div>6. 個proposal今日Mary交
。 <br></div><div><i>go proposal gamjat Mary gaau</i><br></div><div>COUNTER proposal today Mary <a href="http://send.in">send.in</a></div><div><br></div><div>I hope this helps, and maybe someone who has actually worked on Cantonese data can correct or verify this!</div><div><br></div><div>Best,</div><div>Ellison Luk<br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Thu, 15 Feb 2024 at 11:53, Cat Butz <<a href="mailto:Cat.Butz@hhu.de" target="_blank">Cat.Butz@hhu.de</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Hi Östen,<br>
<br>
In German, I would say:<br>
Mary reich-t heute ihr-en Antrag ein.<br>
Mary hand-3:S:PRES today 3:F:POSS-ACC:S proposal in<br>
<br>
In Bavarian, I would say:<br>
D=mary raih-d haid ia-n Àndròg ai.<br>
DEF:F:S=Mary hand-3:S:PRES today 3:F:POSS-ACC:S proposal in<br>
<br>
In my L2 English, I would say:<br>
Mary is submitting her grant proposal today.<br>
<br>
Modifications along the lines of "wollte einreichen / woidd airaiha" or <br>
"was going to submit" feel optional to me.<br>
<br>
Best,<br>
---<br>
Cat Butz (she)<br>
HHU Düsseldorf<br>
General Linguistics<br>
<br>
<br>
Am 2024-02-14 22:29, schrieb Östen Dahl:<br>
> I would like to ask for intuitions about the following, in one or more<br>
> languages that you are acquainted with.<br>
> <br>
> Suppose your colleague Mary said on Monday: "Tomorrow I'm going to<br>
> submit my grant proposal." Now it's about noon on Tuesday, and you<br>
> have no idea whatsoever of the time of the realization of her<br>
> intention. Maybe she did it in the morning, maybe she'll wait until<br>
> midnight, and maybe she's just doing it right now. How would you<br>
> express the sentence below in your language(s), replacing SUBMIT by a<br>
> suitable verb form? The idea is that you should try to use a maximally<br>
> simple and natural formulation without excluding any possibility.<br>
> <br>
> Today Mary SUBMIT her grant proposal<br>
> <br>
> All comments are welcome.<br>
> <br>
> Thanks in advance!<br>
> <br>
> - Östen<br>
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