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Oops! I now realize I misread your first glossed example, and thought the free-standing pronoun was actually a bound person marker! (In fact I did suspect I was missing something..) Apologies!</div>
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Best,</div>
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R</div>
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<div style="font-size: 11pt; color: rgb(23, 78, 134);">Riccardo Giomi</div>
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Assistant Professor of Functional Linguistics</div>
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University of Amsterdam</div>
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Faculty of Humanities: Department of Linguistics</div>
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Spuistraat 134, 1012 VB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</div>
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<div id="divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" style="font-size:11pt" color="#000000"><b>From:</b> Christian Lehmann <christian.lehmann@uni-erfurt.de><br>
<b>Sent:</b> 24 April 2024 13:28<br>
<b>To:</b> Ellison Luk <ellisonluk@gmail.com><br>
<b>Cc:</b> lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org>; Juergen Bohnemeyer <jb77@buffalo.edu>; Nigel Vincent <nigel.vincent@manchester.ac.uk>; Riccardo Giomi <r.giomi@uva.nl><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] for-to infinitival</font>
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<div>While I certainly have no desire to terminate the discussion here, for which I am very grateful, let me just use the occasion for a few clarifications.<br>
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@Elena: This is a surprising idea which I would have liked to adopt. Unfortunately, there are almost no rules to require or block coreference of any of the nominals of the superordinate clause with any of the nominals of the
<i>-klä</i> nominalization (@Ellison). The only coreference which is apparently non-standard [assuming that such a concept makes sense in an almost unwritten language] is between the absolutive of the superordinate clause with the (overt!) absolutive of the
infinitival.<br>
@Jürgen and Nigel: Like other infinitives in the world, the Cabecar vacant-subject nominalized form [it serves as an infinitive, but also as a nomen agentis, which is why I call it that] is subject to syntactic control by rules of grammar in suitable contexts,
as Jürgen observes; and in other contexts, as Nigel observes, it is not. I therefore prefer the more general term 'phoric control' [~ referential control; some attribute is necessary here to prevent confusion with that control which distinguishes the actor
from the undergoer].<br>
@Ellison: It is true that <i>-klä</i> partly undoes the effect of the vacant-subject nominalizer. However, the -klä nominalization does inherit a few properties of the vacant-subject nominalization; for instance, neither allows representation of an ergative
actant. Otherwise, I concede that the hope of building a regular syntax on splitting little morphemes in inflected forms may be methodologically naive in certain cases.<br>
@Riccardo: The grammar of the language does not lend itself to such a terminological move. On the one hand, as you say, the infinitive is an inflected form [something that should, in fact, prevent use of the term 'inflected infinitive' for cases like the Portuguese
one]. On the other, Cabecar lacks person marking on the verb, no matter whether finite or non-finite.<br>
<br>
I remain grateful for more ideas,<br>
Christian<br>
<div class="x_moz-signature">-- <br>
<p style="font-size:90%">Prof. em. Dr. Christian Lehmann<br>
Rudolfstr. 4<br>
99092 Erfurt<br>
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