<div dir="ltr"><div dir="auto">Dear Ian,<div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">In isiXhosa the word for language is <i>ulwimi</i> and it is reconstructed as Proto-Bantu *<i>dudimi </i>( <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/d%CA%8A%CC%80d%C9%AA%CC%81m%C3%AC#cite_note-1">https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/d%CA%8A%CC%80d%C9%AA%CC%81m%C3%AC#cite_note-1</a> )<i> </i>although Proto-Bantu *d > Nguni l is a regular sound change.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div>Best,</div><div>Stefan</div><div dir="auto"><i><br></i></div><div dir="auto"><i><br></i></div></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, Apr 29, 2024, 4:29 AM JOO Ian via Lingtyp <<a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<div>
Dear typologists,
<div><br>
</div>
<div>I have noticed two interesting parallel phenomena:</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div><span style="text-overflow:unset">1. Latin <i>dingua</i> 'tongue' replaced by <i>lingua</i>, for unknown reason; </span></div>
<div><span style="text-overflow:unset">2. Middle Chinese <i>zyet</i> 舌 'tongue' replaced by <i>lei</i> 脷 in Cantonese (and other southern Sinitic lects), which is apparently for euphemistic reason - Cantonese <i>sit3</i> 舌
sounds similar to <i>sik6</i> 蝕 ’to corrode’ - but still unclear why it had to be <i>lei</i> among all other sounds.</span></div>
<div><span style="text-overflow:unset"><br>
</span></div>
<div><span style="text-overflow:unset">There seems to be diachronic pressure to map /l/ into ’tongue’. This is in line with the fact several typological studies confirming that /l/ is abnormally common
in words for ’tongue’ in world’s languages (Blast et al. 2016, Joo 2020, Erben </span>Johansson et al. 2020).</div>
<div><span style="text-overflow:unset"><br>
</span></div>
<div><span style="text-overflow:unset">I would thus like to ask (historical) typologists whether you are aware of similar phenomena where the common term for ’tongue’ has unexpectedly acquired /l/, either
via irregular sound change (like Latin) or lexical replacement (like Cantonese).</span></div>
<div><span style="text-overflow:unset"><br>
</span></div>
<div>From Otaru,</div>
<div>Ian</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div><b>References</b></div>
<div><b><br>
</b></div>
<div>
<div>Blasi, Damián E et al. “Sound-meaning association biases evidenced across thousands of languages.” <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i> vol. 113,39 (2016): 10818-23. doi:10.1073/pnas.1605782113</div>
</div>
<div><b><br>
</b></div>
<div>Joo, Ian. "Phonosemantic biases found in Leipzig-Jakarta lists of 66 languages" Linguistic Typology, vol. 24, no. 1, 2020, pp. 1-12. doi:10.1515/lingty-2019-0030</div>
<div>
<div dir="auto" style="text-align:start;text-indent:0px">
<div dir="auto" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:normal;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;text-align:start;text-indent:0px">
<br>
</div>
<div dir="auto" style="text-align:start;text-indent:0px">
<div dir="auto">
Erben Johansson et al. "The typology of sound symbolism: Defining macro-concepts via their semantic and phonetic features" Linguistic Typology, vol. 24, no. 2, 2020, pp. 253-310. doi:10.1515/lingty-2020-2034</div>
</div>
<div dir="auto" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:normal;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;text-align:start;text-indent:0px">
<br>
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -<br>
朱 易安 <br>
JOO, IAN <br>
准教授 <br>
Associate Professor <br>
小樽商科大学 <br>
Otaru University of Commerce</div>
<div dir="auto" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:normal;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;text-align:start;text-indent:0px">
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -<br>
🌐 <a href="http://ianjoo.github.io" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">ianjoo.github.io</a><br>
📞 +81 (0)134-27-5422<br>
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -<br>
<br>
<br>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br>
</div>
_______________________________________________<br>
Lingtyp mailing list<br>
<a href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br>
<a href="https://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp" rel="noreferrer noreferrer" target="_blank">https://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp</a><br>
</blockquote></div>