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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt;color:#212121">Dear Lingtyp community</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt">,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt">a cumulative thank-you for sharing examples, references and your insight with me, here on the mailing list or in private exchanges: it’s all invaluable help for my paper!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt">As for reduplication of the “salad-salad” type (in Engligh, Italian and other languages), mentioned in many posts, that was already on the top of my list: I started my quest from there, and from
the let’s say “opposite” phenomenon (<a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zwjw.2023.1.94">https://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zwjw.2023.1.94</a>).
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt">As for the relationship with inauthenticity/approximation, see also joint work with Muriel Norde and Kristel Van Goethem on the morphological expression of approximation:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt"><a href="https://doi.org/10.21248/zwjw.2023.1.100">https://doi.org/10.21248/zwjw.2023.1.100</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt"><a href="https://site.unibo.it/unlocking-evaluative-morphology/en">https://site.unibo.it/unlocking-evaluative-morphology/en</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt">As for Mira’s observation about the relationship with intensification: elements conveying
<span style="color:#212121">authenticity/prototypicality are definitely related with intensification, even synchronically not just diachronically. Sometimes it’s difficult to disentangle them from intensification (but not in all cases / contexts).
</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Have a nice summer break!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Francesca<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Da: </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> per conto di lingtyp-request@listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp-request@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
<b>Data: </b>domenica, 14 luglio 2024, 14:05<br>
<b>A: </b>lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
<b>Oggetto: </b>Lingtyp Digest, Vol 118, Issue 21<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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Today's Topics:<br>
<br>
1. Re: R: Evaluative morphology expressing<br>
"authenticity/prototypicality" (Pier Marco Bertinetto)<br>
<br>
<br>
----------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
<br>
Message: 1<br>
Date: Sat, 13 Jul 2024 17:29:07 +0200<br>
From: Pier Marco Bertinetto <piermarco.bertinetto@sns.it><br>
To: "<LINGTYP@listserv.linguistlist.org>"<br>
<lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] R: Evaluative morphology expressing<br>
"authenticity/prototypicality"<br>
Message-ID:<br>
<CABoVV5-N4YREqSsYUETKBaJoo_-LBTUyO513NViRD3UBFnP9dA@mail.gmail.com><br>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"<br>
<br>
For anybody interested in reduplication, the dedicated Graz University<br>
database is very useful:<br>
<a href="http://reduplication.uni-graz.at">http://reduplication.uni-graz.at</a><br>
Unfortunately, at present, the database is unavailable due to a hacking<br>
attack. But I've been told by Berhard Hurch that it should be (hopefully<br>
soon) reactivated.<br>
Best<br>
Pier Marco<br>
<br>
<br>
Il giorno ven 12 lug 2024 alle ore 18:43 Raffaele Simone via Lingtyp <<br>
lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org> ha scritto:<br>
<br>
> Dear all,<br>
><br>
> A very useful but scarcely known collection of studies on reduplication *dans<br>
> tous ses ?tats* is ?La r?duplication?, special issue of *Faits de langue*,<br>
> #39 2007, ed. by Alexis Michaud and Aliyah Morgenstern. Also ?prototypical?<br>
> reduplications are considered.<br>
><br>
> Best,<br>
><br>
> Raffaele<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> ==============<br>
><br>
> Emeritus Professor, Universit? Roma Tre<br>
><br>
> Hon C Lund University<br>
><br>
> Membre de l'Acad?mie Royale de Belgique<br>
><br>
> Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres de France<br>
><br>
> Accademico (corrispondente) della Crusca<br>
><br>
> Prix de l'Institut de France-Fondation Bonnefous 2022<br>
><br>
> ===============<br>
><br>
> Attivit? e pubblicazioni // Activity and publications<br>
> <a href="http://uniroma3.academia.edu/RaffaeleSimone">http://uniroma3.academia.edu/RaffaeleSimone</a><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> *Da:* Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> *Per conto di *Paolo<br>
> Ramat via Lingtyp<br>
> *Inviato:* venerd? 12 luglio 2024 16:35<br>
> *A:* Mark Donohue <mhdonohue@gmail.com><br>
> *Cc:* <LINGTYP@listserv.linguistlist.org> <<br>
> lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
> *Oggetto:* Re: [Lingtyp] Evaluative morphology expressing<br>
> "authenticity/prototypicality"<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Evaluative morphology expressing 'authentivity/protypicality<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Dear All,<br>
><br>
> here's a fragment of article I'm writing that concerns reduplication<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> <<The iteration /reduplication [...] can also have morphological<br>
> functions such as plural formation (= ex. (1)), a distributive function(=<br>
> ex. (2)), an intensifying function (= examples (3) and (4)), or have<br>
> particular semantic values such as the so-called ?echo reduplication?, as<br>
> in (5), etc.:[1] <#m_6180926085023523476__ftn1><br>
><br>
> (1) Indonesian *buku buku* ?books? (Stolz 2003: 18)<br>
><br>
> (2) Malti *bieb bieb* lit. door door, i.e. ?from door to door? (Stolz<br>
> 2006a: 119)<br>
><br>
> (3) It. *un caff? caff? * ?a real, good coffee? (Stolz 2003: 36; Ramat<br>
> 2019: 151)<br>
><br>
> (4) Emmi (Western Daly) *dukandji ?*big? ~ *dukduk* ?very big? (Louagie<br>
> 2023: 555)<br>
><br>
> (5) Turkish *dergi mergi**<br>
> okumuyor *<br>
><br>
> Newspapers M:ECHO read:NEG:PRES<br>
><br>
> ?(s)he does not read newspapers and the like? (Stolz 2018: 248).<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> ------------------------------<br>
><br>
> [1] <#m_6180926085023523476__ftnref1> Grandi (2017: 77) writes:<br>
> ?According to Medici (1959a: 84), the aim of a reduplicated construction<br>
> such as *caff? caff? *(?coffee coffee? [= our ex. (3)], P.Rt.) is<br>
> ?affermare [?] la pienezza delle qualit? inerenti [alla base]? (?to state<br>
> the fullness / completeness of the qualities of the base word?). In other<br>
> words, the primary function of reduplication would be to identify the<br>
> prototype of a concept, its default value. If evaluative morphology (which<br>
> includes intensification) encodes a deviation from a standard or from a<br>
> default meaning, if its peculiar function is that of assigning a value<br>
> which is different from that of the ?standard / default? to a concept,<br>
> reduplication primarily expresses a full identification of an item with its<br>
> standard image. It identifies the best exemplar of a<br>
> class?.<br>
> A<br>
> good overview of the multifarious functions of RED can be obtained when<br>
> looking into the subject index of van Lier 2023: 1087, s.v.<br>
> ?reduplication?. Generally speaking, we can say that RED is a widespread<br>
> strategy in the world?s languages to express many related functions (see<br>
> Fedriani 2017: 147).<br>
><br>
> Refernces:<br>
><br>
> Grandi, Nicola. 2017. Intensification processes in Italian. In Maria<br>
> Napoli & Miriam Ravetto (eds.), 55-75.<br>
><br>
> Louagie, Dana. 2023. Word Classes in Australian Languages. In Eva Van<br>
> Lier (ed.), 544-571<br>
><br>
> Ramat, Paolo, 2019.Tautologia e/o reduplicazione. *Rivista Italiana di<br>
> Linguistica e Dialettologia,* 147-156.<br>
><br>
> Stolz, Thomas. 2003. A new Mediterraneism. Word iteration in areal<br>
> perspective. *Mediterranean Language Review *15, 1-47.<br>
><br>
> Stolz, Thomas. 2006a. (Wort-)Iteration: (k)eine universelle Konstruktion.<br>
> In Kerstin Fischer &<br>
><br>
> Anatol Stefanowitsch (Hsgb.), *Konstruktionsgrammatik. Von<br>
> der Anwendung zur Theorie*: 105-132. T?bingen: Stauffenburg.<br>
><br>
> Stolz, Thomas. 2018. (Non-)Canonical reduplication. In Anna Urdze (ed.), *Non-Prototypical<br>
> Reduplication* ("Studia Typologica"22), 201-277. De Gruyter<br>
> Mouton: Berlin 2018.<br>
><br>
><br>
> Van Lier, Eva (ed., 2023), *The Oxford Handbook of Word Classes. *Oxford:<br>
> Oxford University Press.<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Best ,<br>
><br>
> P.Rt.<br>
><br>
> Addendum: see also *?ll?nas* *?ll?nas* ?a true Greek man? (Kallergi,<br>
> Haritini. 2015. *Total Reduplication as a category of expressives:<br>
> (Counter)evidence from Modern Greek. *Benjamins<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Paolo Ramat<br>
><br>
> Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Socio corrispondente<br>
><br>
> 'Academia Europaea'<br>
><br>
> 'Societas Linguistica Europaea', Honorary Member<br>
><br>
> Universit? di Pavia (retired)<br>
><br>
> Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori (IUSS Pavia) (retired)<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> piazzetta Arduino 11 - I 27100 Pavia<br>
><br>
> ##39 0382 27027<br>
><br>
> 347 044 98 44<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Il giorno ven 12 lug 2024 alle ore 02:40 Mark Donohue via Lingtyp <<br>
> lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org> ha scritto:<br>
><br>
> Don't forget<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Jila Ghomeshi, Ray Jackendoff, Nicole Rosen and Kevin Russell.<br>
> 2004. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 22 (2): 307-357.<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> On Fri, 12 Jul 2024 at 09:48, Pin Wang via Lingtyp <<br>
> lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org> wrote:<br>
><br>
> Hi Randy,<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> I?d like to add an example: When chairing your talk at our 2018 language<br>
> typology forum (University of Sydney), Prof Christian Matthiessen<br>
> introduced you as a ?linguist linguist? ;-)<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Pin<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> On 12 Jul 2024, at 2:26 am, Randy J. LaPolla via Lingtyp <<br>
> lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org> wrote:<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Hi again Mira,<br>
><br>
> A more exact natural example of what you are talking about was used by<br>
> Larry Horn teaching Pragmatics many years ago: At an LSA conference someone<br>
> got ill, so one person got up on stage and asked the attendees ?Is there a<br>
> doctor in the house?? and half the audience raised their hands. The person<br>
> then said, ?No, a * doctor* doctor!?<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Randy<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> On 10 Jul 2024, at 8:55?PM, Mira Ariel <mariel@tauex.tau.ac.il> wrote:<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Dear Nigel,<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Yes, this is the trajectory Bardenstein and Ariel talk about. Better think<br>
> of ?a cookie cookie?. That can have both prototypical and intensified<br>
> meanings.<br>
><br>
> Mira<br>
><br>
> Sent from my iPhone<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> On 10 Jul 2024, at 15:40, Nigel Vincent via Lingtyp <<br>
> lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org> wrote:<br>
><br>
> ?<br>
><br>
> Interesting - I'd have interpreted that ad to mean not 'central/prototype'<br>
> but something more evaluative: 'the best you can get' or words to that<br>
> effect. The picture doesn't look like what I would consider a prototype<br>
> cookie (or biscuit, as I would say!).<br>
><br>
> Nigel<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Professor Nigel Vincent, FBA MAE<br>
> Professor Emeritus of General & Romance Linguistics<br>
> The University of Manchester<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Linguistics & English Language<br>
> School of Arts, Languages and Cultures<br>
><br>
> The University of Manchester<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> <a href="https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/researchers/nigel-vincent(f973a991-8ece-453e-abc5-3ca198c869dc).html">
https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/researchers/nigel-vincent(f973a991-8ece-453e-abc5-3ca198c869dc).html</a><br>
> ------------------------------<br>
><br>
> *From:* Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> on behalf of<br>
> Randy LaPolla via Lingtyp <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
> *Sent:* 10 July 2024 2:23 PM<br>
> *To:* <LINGTYP@listserv.linguistlist.org> <<br>
> LINGTYP@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
> *Subject:* Re: [Lingtyp] Evaluative morphology expressing<br>
> "authenticity/prototypicality"<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> ?Mira?s message reminded me of an English example where repetition<br>
> narrows the term to central/prototype inferences:<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> <image.png><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> In case the image doesn?t come out, it is the tag line on Pepperidge<br>
> Farms? Captiva cookie:<br>
><br>
> ?If you?re going to have a cookie, have a *cookie*?<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Randy<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> On Jul 10, 2024, at 15:42, Mira Ariel via Lingtyp <<br>
> lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org> wrote:<br>
><br>
> ?<br>
><br>
> Dear Francesca and others,<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> I'm curious to know if these prototypicalization morphemes sometimes<br>
> evolve an intensifying function later.<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Bardenstein and I have a paper in *Studies in* *Language *46:2 (2022),<br>
> where we trace the evolution of a number of intensifiers. Lo and behold,<br>
> they evolve from expressions which narrow the application of the term to<br>
> its central/prototpycal instances. Later on this narrower may evolve an<br>
> intensifying function. We only discuss independent modifiers, but<br>
> reduplication, even morphological one, can indicate intensification:<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Hebrew:<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> *Yafe yafe *<br>
><br>
> Beautiful beautiful<br>
><br>
> 'Central concept of beautiful (not 'more or less beautiful')'/'Very<br>
> beautiful'<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> *Yefe.fe *(lexical reduplication)<br>
><br>
> 'Very beautiful'<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Best,<br>
><br>
> Mira (Ariel)<br>
> ------------------------------<br>
><br>
> *From:* Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> on behalf of<br>
> Riccardo Giomi via Lingtyp <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
> *Sent:* Tuesday, July 9, 2024 9:07 PM<br>
> *To:* lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org<br>
> ><br>
> *Subject:* Re: [Lingtyp] Evaluative morphology expressing<br>
> "authenticity/prototypicality"<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Dear Francesca (and all),<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Leti (Austronesian) has an "exactness" marker -- which again, actually<br>
> appears to be a clitic, but anyway:<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> 1. a. *N-tivl=e.* b. *N-tivla.*<br>
><br>
> 3.SG-flap=*EXCT *3.SG-flap<br>
><br>
> ?It flaps.? ?It sort of flaps.?<br>
><br>
> (2) a. *vuar=lalavn=e* b. *vuar=lalavn*<br>
><br>
> big=mountain=*EXCT* big=mountain<br>
><br>
> ?a big mountain? ?a sort of a big mountain?<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> van Engelenhoven, Aone, 2004. *Leti, a Language of Southwest Maluku *(Verhandelingen<br>
> van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 211). KITLV<br>
> Press, Leiden.<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Best wishes,<br>
><br>
> Riccardo<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Riccardo Giomi<br>
><br>
> Assistant Professor of Functional Linguistics<br>
><br>
> University of Amsterdam<br>
><br>
> Faculty of Humanities: Department of Linguistics<br>
><br>
> Spuistraat 134, 1012 VB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands<br>
> ------------------------------<br>
><br>
> *From:* Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> on behalf of<br>
> Christian Lehmann via Lingtyp <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
> *Sent:* 09 July 2024 19:44<br>
> *To:* lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org<br>
> ><br>
> *Subject:* Re: [Lingtyp] Evaluative morphology expressing<br>
> "authenticity/prototypicality"<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Dear Francesca,<br>
><br>
> Cabecar (Chibchan) has a a formative *s?**?* with a twofold distribution:<br>
><br>
> a) As a derivational suffix on nouns, it means 'authentic', 'prototypical':<br>
><br>
> 1. a. ch?chi-s??<br>
><br>
> dog-auth<br>
><br>
> ?authentic dog?<br>
><br>
> b. ju-s??<br>
><br>
> house-auth<br>
><br>
> ?authentic/real/legitimate house (i.e. traditional Cabecar<br>
> house)?<br>
><br>
> b) As an enclitic on adjectives, it means 'comparatively':<br>
><br>
> 1. a. b??=s??<br>
><br>
> nice=cmpr<br>
><br>
> ?comparatively/truly nice?<br>
><br>
> b. dal??=s??<br>
><br>
> yellow=cmpr<br>
><br>
> ?genuinely yellow?<br>
><br>
> It fulfills this latter function in comparative constructions, too.<br>
><br>
> Best, Christian<br>
><br>
> --<br>
><br>
> Prof. em. Dr. Christian Lehmann<br>
> Rudolfstr. 4<br>
> 99092 Erfurt<br>
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><br>
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><br>
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><br>
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><br>
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><br>
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><br>
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<br>
-- <br>
<br>
=========================================================<br>
|||| Pier Marco Bertinetto<br>
------ professore emerito<br>
/////// Scuola Normale Superiore<br>
------- p.za dei Cavalieri 7<br>
/////// I-56126 PISA<br>
------- phone: +39 050 509111<br>
///////<br>
------- HOME<br>
/////// via Matteotti 197<br>
------- I-55049 Viareggio LU<br>
/////// phone: +39 0584 652417<br>
------- cell.: +39 368 3830251<br>
===============================================================<br>
editor of "Italian Journal of Linguistics"<br>
webpage <<a href="https://www.ae-info.org/ae/Member/Bertinetto_Pier">https://www.ae-info.org/ae/Member/Bertinetto_Pier</a>><br>
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Subject: Digest Footer<br>
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------------------------------<br>
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End of Lingtyp Digest, Vol 118, Issue 21<br>
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