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    <p>I certainly didn't want to "argue that determination is
      uninteresting and not worthy of attention" – all I said was that
      we don't know how to identify it cross-linguistically. Of course
      these phenomena are on our agenda!<br>
    </p>
    <p>The "finiteness/determination" parallels are indeed intriguing,
      and it is understandable that generative grammarians have often
      tried to systematize them, e.g. by drawing parallels between DP
      and TP, between KP and CP, and so on. (Parallels have also been
      noted in other traditions, of course, e.g. in Functional Grammar
      by Rijkhoff.)<br>
    </p>
    <p>But it's also well-known that "finiteness" is not identifiable
      across languages using uniform criteria (see e.g. Cristofaro 2007;
      Nikolaeva 2010), and this experience may be reason to be cautious
      when it comes to "determination".</p>
    <p>Now what about "weak determiners" and "strong determiners"? I
      wasn't very familiar with this distinction, but I found the
      following in a 2014 lecture handout by Barbara Partee (<br>
      <a
href="https://people.umass.edu/partee/HSE_Web_14/materials/HSE144.pdf"
        class="x1fey0fg xmper1u x1edh9d7"><span
        style="white-space: pre-wrap;">https://people.umass.edu/partee/HSE_Web_14/materials/HSE144.pdf</span></a>):<br>
    </p>
    <p><span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">Weak determiners: Determiners that can occur "normally" in existential sentences </span><span
      style="white-space: pre-wrap;">(Milsark 1977): <i>a, some, one, two, three, …, at most/at least/exactly/more than/nearly/only one,</i></span><i><span
        style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> two, three, …, many, how many, a few, several, no </span></i></p>
    <p><span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">Strong determiners: Determiners </span><span
      style="white-space: pre-wrap;">which cannot "normally" occur in existential sentences:</span><span
      style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> <i>every, each, the, all, most, both, neither, which of the two, all but two</i></span></p>
    <p>These lists of forms, as well as the criterion (occurrence in
      Existential Clauses) are English-specific, so it's unclear how
      these notions could form the basis of a general approach to
      "determination". Outside of formal semantics, forms meaning 'many'
      or 'all' are generally regarded as quantifiers, not as
      determiners.</p>
    <p>Jürgen Bohnemeyer also mentions "clitic possessive pronouns", but
      these are not generally treated as determiners either (except in
      English, the Bloomfieldian tradition).</p>
    <p>So it seems that we need more terminological clarity in order to
      avoid talking past each other.</p>
    <p>Best,</p>
    <p>Martin<br>
    </p>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 01.09.24 16:18, Juergen Bohnemeyer
      wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:SJ0PR15MB469690722B88B569292A19FFDD912@SJ0PR15MB4696.namprd15.prod.outlook.com">
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      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Dear all – As I
            said before, languages vary in where they draw the line
            between weak and strong determiners. Weak ones are those
            that combine with other determiners, including strong
            determiners, whereas strong determiners combine only with
            weak ones. For example, Italian and Yucatec treat clitic
            possessive pronouns as weak determiners, whereas possessive
            pronouns are strong in most Germanic and Romance languages
            afaik.
            <o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-family:"CMU Serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Martin seems to
            claim that in most languages (in fact, he seems to imply
            that it may be all languages save English), there is no
            distinction between weak and strong determiners, i.e., all
            determiners are weak. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-family:"CMU Serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">And here I am, not
            being aware of even a single example of such a language.
            Please release me from my ignorance, those who have the
            facts, whatever they may be.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-family:"CMU Serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Lastly, Martin
            seems to want to argue that determination is uninteresting
            as a phenomenon and not worthy of the attention of
            typologists. Apologies if I’m overstating. But, fwiw., it
            seems to me that such questions of interest are matters of
            personal taste and it isn’t obvious to me what their role in
            scientific discourse should be.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-family:"CMU Serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">To me, the
            parallels between determination in the nominal domain and
            finiteness in the verbal domain have long been intriguing.
            In both cases, some languages have grammaticalized a rather
            robust contrast, others a more porose one, and yet others
            none at all. As long as we have no explanation for why this
            is, nor even a precise mapping of the relevant
            distributions, it seems to me that these phenomena are by
            necessity on the typological agenda, whether some of us like
            it or not.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-family:"CMU Serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Best – Juergen<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-family:"CMU Serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black">Juergen
                Bohnemeyer (He/Him)<br>
                Professor, Department of Linguistics<br>
                University at Buffalo <br>
                <br>
                Office: 642 Baldy Hall, UB North Campus<br>
                Mailing address: 609 Baldy Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260 <br>
                Phone: (716) 645 0127 <br>
                Fax: (716) 645 3825<br>
                Email: </span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><a
                  href="mailto:jb77@buffalo.edu"
                  title="mailto:jb77@buffalo.edu" moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:#0078D4">jb77@buffalo.edu</span></a></span><span
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                Web: </span><span
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style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:#0563C1">http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~jb77/</span></a></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black"> <br>
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              </span><span
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                hours Tu/Th 3:30-4:30pm in 642 Baldy or via Zoom
                (Meeting ID 585 520 2411; Passcode Hoorheh) </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black"><br>
                <br>
                There’s A Crack In Everything - That’s How The Light
                Gets In <br>
                (Leonard Cohen)  </span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">-- <o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-family:"CMU Serif"" lang="DE"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-family:"CMU Serif"" lang="DE"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <div id="mail-editor-reference-message-container">
          <div>
            <div>
              <div
style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
                <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:.5in">
                  <b><span style="color:black">From: </span></b><span
                    style="color:black">Lingtyp
                    <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org"><lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org></a> on
                    behalf of Martin Haspelmath via Lingtyp
                    <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"><lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org></a><br>
                    <b>Date: </b>Sunday, September 1, 2024 at 01:35<br>
                    <b>To: </b><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>
                    <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"><lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org></a><br>
                    <b>Subject: </b>Re: [Lingtyp] Optional
                    determination?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
              </div>
              <p style="margin-left:.5in">It seems to me that
                "determiner" in Bloomfield's (1933) sense (where it
                basically referred to articles and demonstratives) and
                "determination" in the sense of semantics are two rather
                different things.<o:p></o:p></p>
              <p style="margin-left:.5in">Many semanticists seem to
                think that one needs a syntactic determiner to turn a
                nominal expression into a referential expression, but of
                course, many languages lack both definite and indefinite
                articles (Grambank has 1268 languages of this type: <a
href="https://grambank.clld.org/combinations/GB020_GB021"
                  moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">https://grambank.clld.org/combinations/GB020_GB021</a>).<o:p></o:p></p>
              <p style="margin-left:.5in">Like many other types of
                grammatical markers, articles are often optional. So I
                don't really see a basis for distinguishing between
                "maximal projection" and "non-maximal projection" in
                general terms. (And the idea that there is a single
                determiner slot seems to be based on English alone; even
                languages such as Greek and Spanish allow the
                cooccurrence of demonstratives and articles.)<o:p></o:p></p>
              <p style="margin-left:.5in">Finally, the term
                "determination" has also been used in a more general
                sense, for all nominal modifiers, as in Trubetzkoy's "Le
                rapport entre le determiné, le determinant et le defini"
                (1939). All this makes it difficult to talk about these
                phenomena in such a way that we immediately understand
                what is meant.<o:p></o:p></p>
              <p style="margin-left:.5in">Best,<o:p></o:p></p>
              <p style="margin-left:.5in">Martin<o:p></o:p></p>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">On
                  31.08.24 19:57, Juergen Bohnemeyer via Lingtyp wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
              <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Thanks
                      again, Christian. So I take your answer to be that
                      optional determination is (i) a thing (i.e., it
                      exists) and (ii) does indeed involve a categorical
                      difference between determined and undetermined
                      phrases, on account of the latter, but not the
                      former, being compatible with determiners. This
                      makes sense to me.
                    </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">But of
                      course, even languages with obligatory
                      determination distinguish between weak and strong
                      determiners, where only the latter strictly
                      exclude other determiners. So it remains to be
                      seen what kinds of determiners are strictly
                      incompatible with other determiners in languages
                      with optional determination. Maybe Zygmunt’s book
                      has the answer to that question.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Best –
                      Juergen</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                  <div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black">Juergen
                          Bohnemeyer (He/Him)<br>
                          Professor, Department of Linguistics<br>
                          University at Buffalo <br>
                          <br>
                          Office: 642 Baldy Hall, UB North Campus<br>
                          Mailing address: 609 Baldy Hall, Buffalo, NY
                          14260 <br>
                          Phone: (716) 645 0127 <br>
                          Fax: (716) 645 3825<br>
                          Email: </span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><a
                            href="mailto:jb77@buffalo.edu"
                            title="mailto:jb77@buffalo.edu"
                            moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:#0078D4">jb77@buffalo.edu</span></a></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black"><br>
                          Web: </span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><a
                            href="http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~jb77/"
                            title="http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~jb77/"
                            moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:#0563C1">http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~jb77/</span></a></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black"> <br>
                          <br>
                        </span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">Office
                          hours Tu/Th 3:30-4:30pm in 642 Baldy or via
                          Zoom (Meeting ID 585 520 2411; Passcode
                          Hoorheh) </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black"><br>
                          <br>
                          There’s A Crack In Everything - That’s How The
                          Light Gets In <br>
                          (Leonard Cohen)  </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                      <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">-- </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:"CMU Serif""
                      lang="DE"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:"CMU Serif""
                      lang="DE"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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                            <b><span style="color:black">From: </span></b><span
                              style="color:black">Lingtyp <a
href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org"
                                moz-do-not-send="true">
<lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org></a> on behalf of
                              Christian Lehmann via Lingtyp
                              <a
href="mailto:LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG" moz-do-not-send="true"><LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG></a><br>
                              <b>Date: </b>Saturday, August 31, 2024 at
                              11:31<br>
                              <b>To: </b>LINGTYP LINGTYP <a
href="mailto:LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG" moz-do-not-send="true"><LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG></a><br>
                              <b>Subject: </b>Re: [Lingtyp] Optional
                              determination?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in">Oh,
                            if that is the point, then the answer is
                            quite different:<br>
                            <br>
                            In many languages, a syntagma consisting of
                            a common noun and a syntagma consisting of a
                            common noun modified by an adjective
                            attribute belong to the same category, viz.
                            'nominal', which is a category that can be
                            modified by an adjectival attribute.<br>
                            In most languages, a nominal and a nominal
                            determined by a determiner are different
                            categories because the former, but not the
                            latter can be determined by a determiner.<br>
                            <br>
                            I hope this fits your point better.<br>
                            Christian<br>
                            ------------------------------------------<br>
                            <br>
                            Am 31.08.24 um 16:12 schrieb Juergen
                            Bohnemeyer:<o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                        <blockquote
                          style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                          <div>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                              style="margin-left:1.0in"><span
style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Dear Christian – No, I don’t
                                share the presupposition you mention at
                                all. Rather, there is a specific role of
                                obligatoriness vs. optionality in the
                                particular case of determination: if
                                determination is optional, then it is
                                presumably the case that both determined
                                (i.e., maximal) and non-determined
                                (i.e., non-maximal) noun phrases can
                                express arguments. My question is
                                whether there is then any other known
                                reason to still treat them as belonging
                                to distinct syntactic categories. I hope
                                this makes sense? – Best – Juergen</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                              style="margin-left:1.0in"><span
style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                            <div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:1.0in"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black">Juergen
                                    Bohnemeyer (He/Him)<br>
                                    Professor, Department of Linguistics<br>
                                    University at Buffalo <br>
                                    <br>
                                    Office: 642 Baldy Hall, UB North
                                    Campus<br>
                                    Mailing address: 609 Baldy Hall,
                                    Buffalo, NY 14260 <br>
                                    Phone: (716) 645 0127 <br>
                                    Fax: (716) 645 3825<br>
                                    Email: </span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><a
                                      href="mailto:jb77@buffalo.edu"
                                      title="mailto:jb77@buffalo.edu"
                                      moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:#0078D4">jb77@buffalo.edu</span></a></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black"><br>
                                    Web: </span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><a
href="http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~jb77/"
title="http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~jb77/" moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:#0563C1">http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~jb77/</span></a></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black"> <br>
                                    <br>
                                  </span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">Office
                                    hours Tu/Th 3:30-4:30pm in 642 Baldy
                                    or via Zoom (Meeting ID 585 520
                                    2411; Passcode Hoorheh) </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black"><br>
                                    <br>
                                    There’s A Crack In Everything -
                                    That’s How The Light Gets In <br>
                                    (Leonard Cohen)  </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="margin-left:1.0in"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">-- </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                              style="margin-left:1.0in"><span
style="font-family:"CMU Serif"" lang="DE"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                              style="margin-left:1.0in"><span
style="font-family:"CMU Serif"" lang="DE"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                            <div
id="mail-editor-reference-message-container">
                              <div>
                                <div>
                                  <div
style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:1.5in">
                                      <b><span style="color:black">From:
                                        </span></b><span
                                        style="color:black">Lingtyp <a
href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org"
                                          moz-do-not-send="true">
<lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org></a> on behalf of
                                        Christian Lehmann via Lingtyp
                                        <a
href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" moz-do-not-send="true"><lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org></a><br>
                                        <b>Date: </b>Saturday, August
                                        31, 2024 at 03:57<br>
                                        <b>To: </b><a
href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" moz-do-not-send="true"
                                          class="moz-txt-link-freetext">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>
                                        <a
href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" moz-do-not-send="true"><lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org></a><br>
                                        <b>Subject: </b>Re: [Lingtyp]
                                        Optional determination?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                                  </div>
                                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                                    style="margin-left:1.5in">Dear
                                    Jürgen,<br>
                                    <br>
                                    before considering your specific
                                    question, let me ask about its
                                    presupposition: If a process is
                                    optional, it seems doubtful to you
                                    whether it can be considered a
                                    grammatical process.<br>
                                    <br>
                                    Now if something is (structurally)
                                    obligatory, it is grammatical. The
                                    inverse does not hold, because
                                    although obligatoriness has been
                                    regarded by some as the most
                                    important feature of
                                    grammaticalization, it is not the
                                    only one. Moreover, there are
                                    degrees of
                                    optionality/obligatoriness (s.
                                    Lehmann, <i>Thoughts on
                                      grammaticalization</i>).<br>
                                    <br>
                                    Thus, the grammatical rules
                                    concerning determination may say
                                    that determiners are optional in
                                    certain contexts, but obligatory in
                                    others; that if there is a
                                    determiner, it has to go in such and
                                    such a syntagmatic position; that
                                    determiners are chosen from a small
                                    closed paradigm and cannot be
                                    combined syntagmatically; etc.
                                    Compare, e.g., adjectives, for which
                                    there are such rules, too; but they
                                    are less strict.<br>
                                    <br>
                                    During the documented history from
                                    Vulgar Latin to the modern Romance
                                    languages, articles have been
                                    developping from absent to
                                    increasingly obligatory. At which
                                    point has determination by articles
                                    become "a grammatical process"?<br>
                                    <br>
                                    Best, Christian<o:p></o:p></p>
                                </div>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                          </div>
                        </blockquote>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"
style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:1.0in">
                           <o:p></o:p></p>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in">--
                            <o:p></o:p></p>
                          <p style="margin-left:1.0in"><span
                              style="font-size:11.0pt">Prof. em. Dr.
                              Christian Lehmann<br>
                              Rudolfstr. 4<br>
                              99092 Erfurt<br>
                              <span style="font-variant:small-caps">Deutschland</span></span><o:p></o:p></p>
                          <table class="MsoNormalTable"
                            style="margin-left:1.0in" cellpadding="0"
                            border="0">
                            <tbody>
                              <tr>
                                <td
style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
                                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                      style="font-size:9.5pt">Tel.:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                                </td>
                                <td
style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
                                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                      style="font-size:9.5pt">+49/361/2113417</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                                </td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                <td
style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
                                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                      style="font-size:9.5pt">E-Post:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                                </td>
                                <td
style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
                                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                      style="font-size:9.5pt"><a
href="mailto:christianw_lehmann@arcor.de" moz-do-not-send="true"
                                        class="moz-txt-link-freetext">christianw_lehmann@arcor.de</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
                                </td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                <td
style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
                                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                      style="font-size:9.5pt">Web:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
                                </td>
                                <td
style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
                                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                      style="font-size:9.5pt"><a
href="https://www.christianlehmann.eu/" moz-do-not-send="true"
                                        class="moz-txt-link-freetext">https://www.christianlehmann.eu</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
                                </td>
                              </tr>
                            </tbody>
                          </table>
                          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in"> <o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><br>
                  <br>
                  <o:p></o:p></p>
                <pre style="margin-left:.5in">_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></pre>
                <pre style="margin-left:.5in">Lingtyp mailing list<o:p></o:p></pre>
                <pre style="margin-left:.5in"><a
                href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"
                moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
                <pre style="margin-left:.5in"><a
href="https://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp"
                moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">https://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
              </blockquote>
              <pre style="margin-left:.5in">-- <o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre style="margin-left:.5in">Martin Haspelmath<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre style="margin-left:.5in">Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre style="margin-left:.5in">Deutscher Platz 6<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre style="margin-left:.5in">D-04103 Leipzig<o:p></o:p></pre>
              <pre style="margin-left:.5in"><a
href="https://www.eva.mpg.de/linguistic-and-cultural-evolution/staff/martin-haspelmath/"
              moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">https://www.eva.mpg.de/linguistic-and-cultural-evolution/staff/martin-haspelmath/</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
Martin Haspelmath
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Deutscher Platz 6
D-04103 Leipzig
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.eva.mpg.de/linguistic-and-cultural-evolution/staff/martin-haspelmath/">https://www.eva.mpg.de/linguistic-and-cultural-evolution/staff/martin-haspelmath/</a></pre>
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