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    <p>This doesn't really touch upon any guesstimates / numbers, but it
      strongly reminds me of the bias there esp. historically was in the
      description of differential object marking in Finnic languages
      (e.g. Finnish: <i>hän jo-i maido-n</i> s/he drink-PST.3SG
      milk-ACC 's/he drank the milk' ~ <i>hän jo-i maito-a</i> s/he
      drink-PST.3SG milk-PART 's/he drank (some) milk') before that was
      a salient analysis dimension. "This is clearly just a way to
      express definiteness", say scholars whose frame of reference is
      Germanic languages. "No, this is clearly just how verbal aspect is
      expressed in these languages", say scholars whose frame of
      reference is Slavic languages. I never encountered Hungarian
      scholars presenting a third option, that it's clearly just how
      Finnish verbalizes the difference between subjective and objective
      conjugation, but it would not shock me if that has happened too!<br>
    </p>
    <p>Best,<br>
      Jeremy<br>
    </p>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 28/09/2024 20:17, Juergen Bohnemeyer
      via Lingtyp wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:SJ0PR15MB4696A146401E096FD352F9D7DD742@SJ0PR15MB4696.namprd15.prod.outlook.com">
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      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif"">Dear
            all – I’m wondering whether anybody has attempted to
            estimate the size of the following putative effect on
            descriptive and typological research:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif"">Suppose
            there is a particular phenomenon in Language L, the known
            properties of which are equally compatible with an analysis
            in terms of construction types (comparative concepts) A and
            B.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif"">Suppose
            furthermore that L belongs to a language family and/or
            linguistic area such that A has much more commonly been
            invoked in descriptions of languages of that family/area
            than B.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif"">Then
            to the extent that a researcher attempting to adjudicate
            between A and B wrt. L (whether in a description of L, in a
            typological study, or in coding for an evolving typological
            database) is aware of the prevalence of A-coding/analyses
            for languages of the family/area in question, that might
            make them more likely to code/analyze L as exhibiting A as
            well.
            <o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif"">So
            for example, a researcher who assumes languages of the
            family/area of L to be typically tenseless may be influenced
            by this assumption and as a result become (however slightly)
            more likely to treat L as tenseless as well. In contrast, if
            she assumes languages of the family/area of L to be
            typically tensed, that might make her ever so slightly more
            likely to analyze L also as tensed.
            <o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif"">It
            seems to me that this is a cognitive bias related to, and
            possibly a case of, essentialism. (And just as in the case
            of (other forms of) essentialism, the actual cognitive
            causes/mechanisms of the bias may vary.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif"">But
            regardless, my question is, again, has anybody tried to
            guestimate to what extent the results of current typological
            studies may be warped by this kind of researcher bias? (Note
            that the bias may be affecting both authors of descriptive
            work and typologists using descriptive work as data, so
            there is a possible double-whammy effect.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif"">Thanks!
            – Juergen<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"CMU Serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black;mso-ligatures:none">Juergen
                Bohnemeyer (He/Him)<br>
                Professor, Department of Linguistics<br>
                University at Buffalo <br>
                <br>
                Office: 642 Baldy Hall, UB North Campus<br>
                Mailing address: 609 Baldy Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260 <br>
                Phone: (716) 645 0127 <br>
                Fax: (716) 645 3825<br>
                Email: </span><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ligatures:none"><a
                  href="mailto:jb77@buffalo.edu"
                  title="mailto:jb77@buffalo.edu" moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:#0078D4">jb77@buffalo.edu</span></a></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black;mso-ligatures:none"><br>
                Web: </span><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ligatures:none"><a
                  href="http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~jb77/"
                  title="http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~jb77/"
                  moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:#0563C1">http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~jb77/</span></a></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black;mso-ligatures:none"> <br>
                <br>
              </span><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black;mso-ligatures:none">Office
                hours Tu/Th 3:30-4:30pm in 642 Baldy or via Zoom
                (Meeting ID 585 520 2411; Passcode Hoorheh) </span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black;mso-ligatures:none"><br>
                <br>
                There’s A Crack In Everything - That’s How The Light
                Gets In <br>
                (Leonard Cohen)  </span><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ligatures:none"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ligatures:none">-- <o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
      </div>
      <br>
      <fieldset class="moz-mime-attachment-header"></fieldset>
      <pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">_______________________________________________
Lingtyp mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp">https://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp</a>
</pre>
    </blockquote>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
Jeremy Bradley, Ph.D.
University of Vienna

<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.mari-language.com">http://www.mari-language.com</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:jeremy.moss.bradley@univie.ac.at">jeremy.moss.bradley@univie.ac.at</a>

Office address:
Institut EVSL
Abteilung Finno-Ugristik
Universität Wien
Campus AAKH, Hof 7-2
Spitalgasse 2-4
1090 Wien
AUSTRIA

Mobile: +43-664-99-31-788
Skype: jeremy.moss.bradley</pre>
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