<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=Windows-1252">
<style type="text/css" style="display:none;"> P {margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;} </style>
</head>
<body dir="ltr">
<div class="elementToProof" style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
Hi Juergen,</div>
<div class="elementToProof" style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<br>
</div>
<div class="elementToProof" style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
Thanks so much for the data and the references. I'll review them and reach out if I have any questions or comments. </div>
<div class="elementToProof" style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<br>
</div>
<div class="elementToProof" style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
Best,</div>
<div class="elementToProof" style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
Zahid</div>
<div id="Signature" class="elementToProof">
<div style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<br>
</div>
<div style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<br>
</div>
<div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Calibri, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
Sent from <a href="http://aka.ms/weboutlook" id="OWA36907c41-9ccf-b471-74b4-5de28aa021dd" class="OWAAutoLink">
Outlook</a></div>
</div>
<div id="appendonsend"></div>
<hr style="display:inline-block;width:98%" tabindex="-1">
<div id="divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" style="font-size:11pt" color="#000000"><b>From:</b> Juergen Bohnemeyer <jb77@buffalo.edu><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, October 21, 2024 2:58 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Zahid Akter <Zahid_Akter@outlook.com>; LINGTYP LINGTYP <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: Demonstratives as nominalizers</font>
<div> </div>
</div>
<style>
<!--
@font-face
{font-family:Helvetica}
@font-face
{font-family:Wingdings}
@font-face
{font-family:"Cambria Math"}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri}
@font-face
{font-family:Aptos}
@font-face
{font-family:"CMU Serif"}
@font-face
{}
p.x_MsoNormal, li.x_MsoNormal, div.x_MsoNormal
{margin:0in;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Aptos",sans-serif}
a:link, span.x_MsoHyperlink
{color:blue;
text-decoration:underline}
p.x_MsoListParagraph, li.x_MsoListParagraph, div.x_MsoListParagraph
{margin-top:0in;
margin-right:0in;
margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Aptos",sans-serif}
span.x_EmailStyle19
{font-family:"CMU Serif";
color:windowtext;
font-weight:normal;
font-style:normal}
.x_MsoChpDefault
{font-size:10.0pt}
@page WordSection1
{margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in}
div.x_WordSection1
{}
ol
{margin-bottom:0in}
ul
{margin-bottom:0in}
-->
</style>
<div lang="EN-US" link="blue" vlink="purple" style="word-wrap:break-word">
<div class="x_WordSection1">
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Dear Zahid – My first thought was, there must be hundreds of such languages if not thousands. But to my great surprise, a quick glance at Heine & Kuteva (2002) didn’t turn up a single hit. Odd. (Nor,
thinking of Riccardo’s comment, do H&K give an example of definite article > nominalizer.)</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Well, fwiw., Yucatec is a case in point. The basic facts are as follows:
</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span></p>
<ul type="disc" style="margin-top:0in">
<li class="x_MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">There are pronominal demonstratives
<i>lela’</i> ‘this’ (exophoric proximal) / <i>lelo’</i> ‘that’ (generic indexical). These are restricted to the absolute right edge of the clause and topicalization/left-dislocation.</span></li><li class="x_MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Adnominally, the stem reduces to
<i>le </i>for morphophonological reasons, which appears on the absolute left edge of the NP, and the final component of the pronominal form appears as a clitic particle
<i>=a’</i>/<i>=o’ </i>with the same distribution as the pronominal demonstratives.</span></li><li class="x_MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Syntactic nominalization is expressed (if it is expressed morphologically, which is usually, but not always the case) by placing
<i>le</i> on the absolute left edge of the nominalized form, which may be a stative predicate, a verb, a phrase, or a clause.
</span></li></ul>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">The following example is a description of a video clip in which a shorter woman pushes a taller woman, who as a result causes a tower of Styrofoam cups to collapse:</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-US" style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">T-u=mčet-ah u=níik-ik le=bŕaso-s-o’b
<b>le=mas=nohoch=o’</b>.<b></b></span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">PRV-A3=do:APP-CMP(B3SG) A3=scatter-INC(B3SG) DEF=cup-PL-PL
<b>DEF=more=big=D2</b></span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">‘She made the bigger one scatter the cups.’</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">I gloss the demonstrative stem
<i>le(l)</i> ‘DEF’ for convenience, but it functions both as a definite article and an adnominal demonstrative (minus the semantic distinction expressed by the clause-final particle).</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">The demonstrative system is described in Bohnemeyer (2018) and references therein (notably including Hanks 1990). A discussion of nominalized clauses (headless RCs) can be found in Bohnemeyer (2002:
129-143). </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Regarding the question of grammaticalization, this comes down to how one would form syntactic nominalizations with indefinite reference. How would one say ‘a bigger one’ instead of ‘the bigger one’?
I cannot give you a definitive answer (no pun intended). As an L2 speaker, I would say ‘one of the bigger ones’, and I’m confident that the demonstrative/definite article would be accommodated. But is it also possible to nominalize without the demonstrative/article,
by directly combining the numeral ‘one’ (plus classifier) with the nominalized expression? I’m afraid IDK. If it is, then the proper expression of nominalization in Yucatec is not the demonstrative/article, but determination. If it isn’t, the demonstrative/article
has been extended to the function of nominalization.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Best – Juergen</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Bohnemeyer, J. (2002).
<i>The grammar of time reference in Yukatek Maya</i>. Munich: LINCOM.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Bohnemeyer, J. (2018). Yucatec demonstratives in interaction: Spontaneous vs. elicited data. In S. C. Levinson, S. Cutfield, M. Dunn, N. Enfield, S. Meira, & D. P. Wilkins (eds.),
<i>Demonstratives in cross-linguistic perspective</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (republication with permission of 2012 chapter in Schalley ed.). 176-205.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Hanks, W. F. (1990).
</span><i><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Referential practice: Language and lived space among the Maya</span></i><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">Heine, B., & T. Kuteva. (2002).
</span><i><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif"">World lexicon of grammaticalization.</span></i><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt; font-family:Helvetica; color:black">Juergen Bohnemeyer (He/Him)<br>
Professor, Department of Linguistics<br>
University at Buffalo <br>
<br>
Office: 642 Baldy Hall, UB North Campus<br>
Mailing address: 609 Baldy Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260 <br>
Phone: (716) 645 0127 <br>
Fax: (716) 645 3825<br>
Email: </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><a href="mailto:jb77@buffalo.edu" title="mailto:jb77@buffalo.edu"><span style="font-size:9.0pt; font-family:Helvetica; color:#0078D4">jb77@buffalo.edu</span></a></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt; font-family:Helvetica; color:black"><br>
Web: </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><a href="http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~jb77/" title="http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~jb77/"><span style="font-size:9.0pt; font-family:Helvetica; color:#0563C1">http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~jb77/</span></a></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt; font-family:Helvetica; color:black"> <br>
<br>
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; color:black">Office hours Tu/Th 3:30-4:30pm in 642 Baldy or via Zoom (Meeting ID 585 520 2411; Passcode Hoorheh) </span><span style="font-size:9.0pt; font-family:Helvetica; color:black"><br>
<br>
There’s A Crack In Everything - That’s How The Light Gets In <br>
(Leonard Cohen) </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"></span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">-- </span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-family:"CMU Serif""> </span></p>
<div id="x_mail-editor-reference-message-container">
<div>
<div>
<div style="border:none; border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt; padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:12.0pt; margin-left:.5in">
<b><span style="color:black">From: </span></b><span style="color:black">Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> on behalf of Zahid Akter via Lingtyp <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
<b>Date: </b>Sunday, October 20, 2024 at 05:33<br>
<b>To: </b>LINGTYP LINGTYP <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
<b>Subject: </b>[Lingtyp] Demonstratives as nominalizers</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black">Dear Typologists,</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black"> </span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black">I’m looking for languages where demonstratives function as nominalizers. If you are aware of any such cases, I would greatly appreciate your references.</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black"> </span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black">Best regards,</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black">Zahid</span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black"> </span></p>
</div>
<div id="x_Signature">
<div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black"> </span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black"> </span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in; background:white"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; color:black">Sent from
<a href="http://aka.ms/weboutlook">Outlook</a></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>