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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="EmailStyle18"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Dear David,</span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Makushi (Cariban; Abbott 1990), plus closely-related Akawaio (Caesar-Fox 2003) and Pemón (unpublished data — probably José Álvarez has published something on this) have a tight VP that contains either P or
S, which occurs preverbally. In transitive clauses, the canonical location of A is post-VP, which gives pretty rigid orders SV / PVA (adding in constituency, [SV]/[OV]A). The same pattern arose independently in the Upper Xingu Carib Language (a.k.a Kuikuro,
Kalapalo, cf. Franchetto 1990, 2010). The historical origins of this pattern are given in Gildea (2000).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Best,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Spike<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Abbott, Miriam. 1991. Macushi. In Derbyshire, Desmond C. & Geoffrey K. Pullum (eds.).
<i>Handbook of Amazonian Languages, Vol. 3</i>, 23-160. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Caesar-Fox, Desrey. 2003. <i>
Zauro'nödok Agawayo Yau: variants of Akawaio spoken at Waramadong</i>. Houston, TX: Rice University doctoral dissertation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-size:11.0pt">Franchetto, Bruna. 1990.
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Ergativity and nominativity in Kuikúro and other Carib languages. In Doris L/ Payne (ed).
<i>Amazonian Linguistics: Studies in Lowland South American Languages</i>, 407-428. Austin: University of Texas Press.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Franchetto, Bruna. 2010. The ergativity effect in Kuikuro (Southern Carib, Brazil). In Spike Gildea & Francesc Queixalós (eds).
<i>Ergativity in Amazonia, </i>121-158. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-size:11.0pt">Gildea, Spike. </span>
<span style="font-size:11.0pt">2000. On the genesis of the verb phrase in Cariban languages: Diversity through reanalysis.
<i>Reconstructing Grammar: Comparative Linguistics and Grammaticalization Theory, Typological Studies in Language,
</i>v. 43, ed. by Spike Gildea, 65-106. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">From: </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> on behalf of Riccardo Giomi via Lingtyp <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
<b>Date: </b>Friday, November 15, 2024 at 9:18</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">AM<br>
<b>To: </b>lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org>, David Beck <dbeck@ualberta.ca><br>
<b>Subject: </b>Re: [Lingtyp] AV / VS languages<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Dear David,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">The best example I can cite off the top of my head is Muna (Austronesian), as described in van den Berg's grammar, sections 7.1 and 7.3<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Berg, René van den. 1989.
<i> A Grammar of the Muna Language.</i> (Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, 139.) Dordrecht: Foris.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">The author gives a good wealth of examples to prove their point that, despite quite some variation, the "basic" orders are VS and SVO. I don't know if this counts as "relatively
fixed" constituent order (maybe not, indeed), but you may want to have a look anyway.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Hope this helps!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Riccardo<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#174E86">Riccardo Giomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#174E86">Assistant Professor of Functional Linguistics<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#174E86">University of Amsterdam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#174E86">Faculty of Humanities: Department of Linguistics<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#174E86">Spuistraat 134, 1012 VB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"> Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org>
on behalf of David Beck via Lingtyp <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
<b>Sent:</b> 15 November 2024 18:00<br>
<b>To:</b> lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Lingtyp] AV / VS languages</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Hi, all<br>
<br>
Can anyone point me to some good descriptions of languages with relatively fixed constituent order that have S on the opposite side of the verb from A? Grammars would be preferable, but papers with solid and believable examples would also work.<br>
<br>
Cheers,<br>
<br>
David<br>
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