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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Sorry, Björn, I should have checked again. I got the Eiweiß/Weißei distinction from my mother, who was born in 1906 in Neuberun (today Bieruń Nowy) where my grandfather was the stationmaster. (It was the border station,
on the other side of the Weichsel was Russia.) There was both Polish and German spoken in the area and if the distinction has anything to do with language contact, one should assume it is the local variant of Polish spoken at that time.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span lang="EN-US">Den 3. feb. 2025 kl. 11.04 skrev Wiemer, Bjoern <wiemerb@uni-mainz.de>:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt">I’m curious: which varieties of Polish do you have in mind? Pol.
<i>białko</i> means both Germ. <i>Eiweiß</i> and <i>Protein</i> (this holds for the standard variety).</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Lingtyp
<lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> <b>On Behalf Of </b>Hartmut Haberland via Lingtyp<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Sunday, February 2, 2025 10:12 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Zygmunt Frajzyngier <zygmunt.frajzyngier@colorado.edu>; Maria Tamm <tamm@ling.su.se><br>
<b>Cc:</b> lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] Universal constraints on lexicalisation</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">Another curious colexification in most forms of Standard German is
<i>Eiweiß</i> meaning both protein and eggwhite. In some regional variants two distinct words exist,
<i>Eiweiß</i> for protein and <i>Weißei</i> for white of egg, possibly due to contact with Polish, Czech and possibly Yiddish which all make a similar distinction.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Fra:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Hartmut
Haberland <</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><a href="mailto:hartmut@ruc.dk"><span lang="EN-US">hartmut@ruc.dk</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">>
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<b>Sendt:</b> 2. februar 2025 09:31<br>
<b>Til:</b> Zygmunt Frajzyngier <</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><a href="mailto:zygmunt.frajzyngier@colorado.edu"><span lang="EN-US">zygmunt.frajzyngier@colorado.edu</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">>;
Maria Tamm <</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><a href="mailto:tamm@ling.su.se"><span lang="EN-US">tamm@ling.su.se</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Östen Dahl <</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><a href="mailto:oesten@ling.su.se"><span lang="EN-US">oesten@ling.su.se</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">>;
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"><span lang="EN-US">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><br>
<b>Emne:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] Universal constraints on lexicalisation</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">Some interesting colexifications:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">Greek
</span>νύφη<span lang="EN-US"> both sister- and daughter-in-law.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">German Schlagsahne both whipped cream and whipping cream (Danish flødeskum and piskefløde, resp.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">German Tante and English aunt are both father’s sister, mother’s sister, wife of father’s brother and wife of mother’s brother, where Danish has faster, moster
and (for the last two, but occasionally also loosely for all four) tante. German Tante can be used in at least two more, increasingly loose senses (female good friend of the parents, any unrelated female of the parents generation), but with some syntactic
restrictions (*meine Tante).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">I am not sure if
</span>νύφη<span lang="EN-US"> really is a colexification comparable to Schlagsahne, and not rather means ‘in-law of same or immediately younger generation’.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span lang="SV-FI">Den 1. feb. 2025 kl. 17.39 skrev Zygmunt Frajzyngier via Lingtyp <</span><a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"><span lang="SV-FI">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</span></a><span lang="SV-FI">>:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif"></span>
<span lang="SV-FI"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="SV-FI" style="font-size:11.0pt">Dear all,</span><span lang="SV-FI"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="SV-FI" style="font-size:11.0pt">In support of Östen’s note.</span><span lang="SV-FI"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt">In several Chadic languages the same lexical item denotes entities denoted by English ‘father’ and ‘mother’s brother’.
</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt">Zygmunt</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color:black">From:
</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="color:black">Lingtyp <</span><span style="color:black"><a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org"><span lang="EN-US">lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:black">>
on behalf of Östen Dahl via Lingtyp <</span><span style="color:black"><a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"><span lang="EN-US">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:black">><br>
<b>Date: </b>Saturday, February 1, 2025 at 9:18 AM<br>
<b>To: </b></span><span style="color:black"><a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"><span lang="EN-US">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:black"> <</span><span style="color:black"><a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"><span lang="EN-US">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:black">><br>
<b>Subject: </b>Re: [Lingtyp] Universal constraints on lexicalisation</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">[External email - use caution]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt">Dear all,</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt">With regard to the claim that 'father' and 'mother's brother' cannot be colexified, consider the following quotation from the Wikipedia
article on "Matrilineality":</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt">"While a mother normally takes care of her own children in all cultures, in some matrilineal cultures an "uncle-father" will take care
of his nieces and nephews instead: in other words *social fathers* here are uncles."</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt">That is, fathers and maternal uncles are similar in that they can both play the role of "social fathers"; it is not unthinkable that
a language spoken in a society on the borderline between patrilineality and matrilineality will lexify the concept "social father". What this shows is that the criterion of cognitive complexity can lead you in the wrong direction. In fact, kinship terms sometimes
unite relationships which are tricky to give a common definition, such as "brother-in-law" in English.</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Östen</span><o:p></o:p></li></ol>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span lang="SV" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Från:</span></b><span lang="SV" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Lingtyp <<a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>>
<b>För </b>Martin Haspelmath via Lingtyp<br>
<b>Skickat:</b> den 1 februari 2025 16:40<br>
<b>Till:</b> <a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br>
<b>Ämne:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] Universal constraints on lexicalisation</span><span lang="SV-FI"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="SV-FI"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">Dear Masha and others,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">In addition to "cognitive complexity", one may also consider frequency of use as constraining lexification.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">For example, 'female wolf' is not more cognitively complex than 'female horse' (English
<i>mare</i>, contrasting with <i>stallion</i>), but gender/sex is less commonly mentioned in connection with wild animals than with domestic animals, so English does not dislexify 'male wolf' and 'female wolf'.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">In my 2023 <i>Frontiers</i> paper, I suggested that some important lexification tendencies can be explained with reference to root length possibilities: Roots are typically 1-2 syllables long, so when a meaning is not frequent enough,
it needs more syllables and hence multiple morphs:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-indent:-24.0pt">
<span lang="EN-US">Haspelmath, Martin. 2023. Coexpression and synexpression patterns across languages: Comparative concepts and possible explanations.
<i>Frontiers in Psychology</i> 14. (doi:</span><a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1236853"><span lang="EN-US">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1236853</span></a><span lang="EN-US">)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p><span lang="EN-US">(The paper also cites David Gil's 1992 paper.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">Incidentally, it seems that "lexification" is clearer than "lexicalization", because the latter is used in multiple meanings (see my 2024 paper, §7:
</span><a href="https://www.peren-revues.fr/lexique/1737"><span lang="EN-US">https://www.peren-revues.fr/lexique/1737</span></a><span lang="EN-US">).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">Best,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">Martin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">On 01.02.25 12:40, David Gil via Lingtyp wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">Hi Masha,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">Some examples from the semantic domain of quantification can be found here:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="gmail-referencest" style="mso-margin-top-alt:5.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:27.0pt;text-align:justify">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Gil, David (1992) "Scopal Quantifiers: Some Universals of Lexical Effability", in M. Kefer and J. van der Auwera eds.,
<i>Meaning and Grammar, Cross-Linguistic Perspectives</i>, Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, 303-345.</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">Best wishes,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">David<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"Times",serif"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">On Sat, Feb 1, 2025 at 5:29</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> </span><span lang="EN-US">PM Maria Koptjevskaja Tamm via Lingtyp
<</span><a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"><span lang="EN-US">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</span></a><span lang="EN-US">> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">Dear all,
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">I am involved in a handbook chapter in which I would like to give a few examples of suggested universal constraints on lexicalisation, e.g., those primarily concerning
meanings that should not be expressible in a word (a stem, root or whatever), preferably not from the domain of colour terms. To give an example, Rappaport Hovav and Levin (2010) argue that no verb encodes both manner and result simultaneously, which has been
contested by Beavers and Koontz-Garbodens.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">Or, a definition of a term covering both ‘father’ and ‘mother’s brother’ would be cognitively very complex since it will require disjunction (‘father’ or ‘mother’s
brother’, cf. ‘male relative of one’s patriline’ for ‘father’ and ‘father’s brother’) (Evans 2001) – I don’t know if this constraint still holds.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">Many thanks and all the best,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">Masha<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:black">Prof. Maria Koptjevskaja Tamm<br>
Dept. of linguistics, Stockholm university, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden<br>
Editor-in-chief of “Linguistic Typology”</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:black">President-Elect of Societas Linguistic Europaea<br>
</span><span style="color:black"><a href="http://www.ling.su.se/tamm" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US">www.ling.su.se/tamm</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color:black"><br>
</span><span style="color:black"><a href="mailto:tamm@ling.su.se" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US">tamm@ling.su.se</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">_______________________________________________<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"><br clear="all">
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span class="gmailsignatureprefix">-- </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<pre><span lang="EN-US">David Gil<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span lang="EN-US">Senior Scientist (Associate)<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span lang="EN-US">Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span lang="EN-US">Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span lang="DE">Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, 04103, Germany<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span lang="DE"> <o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span lang="DE">Email: </span><a href="mailto:dapiiiiit@gmail.com" target="_blank"><span lang="DE">dapiiiiit@gmail.com</span></a><span lang="DE"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<pre><span lang="EN-US">_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span lang="EN-US">Lingtyp mailing list<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><a href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org"><span lang="EN-US">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</span></a><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
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<pre><span lang="EN-US">-- <o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span lang="EN-US">Martin Haspelmath<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span lang="EN-US">Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span lang="DE">Deutscher Platz 6<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span lang="DE">D-04103 Leipzig<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><a href="https://www.eva.mpg.de/linguistic-and-cultural-evolution/staff/martin-haspelmath/"><span lang="DE">https://www.eva.mpg.de/linguistic-and-cultural-evolution/staff/martin-haspelmath/</span></a><span lang="DE"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
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