<div dir="ltr">Dear Johannes, <div>I've seen a very similar pattern with a certain negative indefinite marker in Quechua languages, where the donor language is Spanish. A case from Coombs Lynch et al (2003:157) is the following (hyphenation and glossing supplied by me; the translation is mine from the Spanish translation given in the book); the borrowed element is bolded. In Spanish, <i>ni</i> as such doesn't appear in most negative indefinites, but it does appear in the construction that means <i>neither...nor</i> (<i>ni...ni...</i>), and in various expressions corresponding to English <i>not even</i> <i>X</i>. </div><div><br></div><div>(1) Mana-m <b>ni</b> pi-pis shamu-rqa-n-chu. (Cajamarca Quechua)</div><div> Not-dir.evid ni who-also come-past-3sg-non.assert</div><div> "No-one came."</div><div><br></div><div>Ref: Coombs Lynch, David, Heidi Carlson de Coombs, and Blanca Ortiz Chamán. 2003. <i>Rimashun Kichwapi. Una introducción al quechua cajamarquino</i>. Lima: Atares artes y letras.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Best,</div><div>Neil</div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, Apr 22, 2025 at 5:26 AM Johannes Hirvonen via Lingtyp <<a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Dear typologists,<br>
<br>
I am currently gathering data for a study on borrowed indefinite <br>
pronouns and markers, with a focus on negative indefinite pronouns. <br>
Leaving aside the various terminological differences, what I am looking <br>
for are any parts of indefinite pronouns or whole indefinite pronouns <br>
that have been borrowed.<br>
<br>
To give examples for the two types: 1) Ramaškonys Lithuanian has <br>
borrowed nigdi/nigdy ‘never’ as a whole pronoun from Polish; 2) Meadow <br>
Mari has borrowed the prefix ńi- for the formation of negative <br>
indefinites with its own interrogative bases (e.g. ńigö ‘nobody’) from <br>
Russian (compare nikto).<br>
<br>
I assume that I have already gone through all the ‘obvious’ sources, and <br>
therefore I would be most grateful about specific examples from <br>
languages you might know from your work.<br>
<br>
Thank you and best regards<br>
<br>
Johannes Hirvonen<br>
LMU Munich<br>
<a href="mailto:johannes.hirvonen@campus.lmu.de" target="_blank">johannes.hirvonen@campus.lmu.de</a><br>
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