<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/></head><body style="overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;">Thanks, Christian,<div>I think in the Sino-Tibetan area you have something like this, but less overt. Generally the names of languages are either the place name (e.g. Hokkien ‘Fújiàn’, as pronounced in Hokkien, for the variety spoken in the south of Fújiàn Province of China) or the name of the people (e.g. Chinese 汉语 Hàn language, the language spoken by the Hàn people). These could be understood as ‘how people in Fujian speak’ and ‘how Chinese people speak’. The tightness of association is shown in cases where members of ethnic groups have been recategorised into another group, and so no longer want to call their language by the name of their original ethnic categorisation, e.g. in Hēishuǐ county in Sichuan, all of the Qiang speakers there were reclassified as “Zàng” (often translated as “Tibetan”, but not the traditional Tibetan view of or word for Tibetans, but created by the government by grouping thirteen groups speaking different languages together), and they are now trying hard to be Zàng, and so don’t want their language to be called “Qiāng”; they have opted to use their autonym, Rme, instead, for their language, as it is not the name of an officially recognised ethnic group. That is, they feel they can be Zàng even if they speak Rme, but not if they speak Qiāng.</div><div><br/></div><div>Randy<br id="lineBreakAtBeginningOfMessage"/><div>
<meta charset="UTF-8"/><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><div><span style="font-size: 14px;">Whorf 1956: 78: '... linguistics is fundamental to the theory of thinking and in the last analysis to ALL HUMAN SCIENCES.' (emphasis in orig.) p. 79: 'The very essence of linguistics is the quest for meaning, and, as the science refines its procedure, it inevitably becomes, as a matter of this quest, more psychological and cultural, while retaining that almost mathematical precision of statement which it gets from the highly systematic nature of the linguistic realm of fact."</span></div><div><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br/></span></div><div><br/></div></div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"/></div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"/><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"/>
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<div><br/><blockquote type="cite"><div>On 4 Jul 2025, at 3:07 PM, Christian Lehmann via Lingtyp <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"/><div>
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Dear Jürgen,<br/>
<br/>
just one reminder concerning your question about proper names for
languages and your idea "that every such act involves an implicit
objectification of the languages involved." Here is a quote from
Eugenio Coseriu: "Die Sprache ist dem Sprechen adverbial." (Not sure
whether this is deliberately arcane or is the skillful use of a
second language by a linguist.) With this, he refers to expressions
like Latin <i>Graece loqui</i> 'to speak Greek', where <i>Graece</i>
is the adverb of the adjective <i>Graecus</i>, thus 'the Greek
way'. This contrasts with the German and English expressions, which
make it appear that the language functions as an object of one's
speaking. No, says Coseriu, a language is a way of speaking, for
instance, speaking like the Greeks do.<br/>
<br/>
Upshot: Maybe the ability of distinguishing ways of speaking does
not presuppose the reification of the language.<br/>
<br/>
Best, Christian<br/>
<div class="moz-signature">-- <br/><p style="font-size:90%">Prof. em. Dr. Christian Lehmann<br/>
Rudolfstr. 4<br/>
99092 Erfurt<br/>
<span style="font-variant:small-caps">Deutschland</span></p>
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