<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,sans-serif">Dear Sergey,</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,sans-serif">Speaking only for Chini (Lower Sepik-Ramu, in PNG), some complexities aside there is a clear-cut morphological distinction between perfective and imperfective, where these are inclusive of types of imperfectivity (eg both a phasal-habitual and a stative) and perfectivity (eg both a generalized pfv and a more specific one that is not really conducive to a short descriptive label). </div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:arial,sans-serif">The morphological evidence for a binary distinction here is twofold: (1) the differential forms for realis suffixes (exclusively -apa for IPFV verb stems, vs a diversity of forms for PFV) and then (2) especially in the suffixal forms on irrealis-marked verbs used to mark a wide range of clause types (questions, relative clauses, among others). Simply put, -n marks (irrealis-inflected) perfective stems of various kinds while -ch marks (irrealis-inflected) imperfective stems of various kinds (and then -y, for realis-inflected forms, but here both pfv and ipfv). Hope this helps, cheers, Joseph<br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, Jul 28, 2025 at 2:30 AM <<a href="mailto:lingtyp-request@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp-request@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Send Lingtyp mailing list submissions to<br>
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Today's Topics:<br>
<br>
1. once again about perfective vs. imperfective aspect<br>
(Sergey Loesov)<br>
2. Re: once again about perfective vs. imperfective aspect<br>
(Christian Lehmann)<br>
3. Re: once again about perfective vs. imperfective aspect<br>
(Juergen Bohnemeyer)<br>
<br>
<br>
----------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
<br>
Message: 1<br>
Date: Sun, 27 Jul 2025 18:20:04 +0300<br>
From: Sergey Loesov <<a href="mailto:sergeloesov@gmail.com" target="_blank">sergeloesov@gmail.com</a>><br>
To: "<a href="mailto:LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG" target="_blank">LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG</a>"<br>
<<a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>><br>
Subject: [Lingtyp] once again about perfective vs. imperfective aspect<br>
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Dear colleagues,<br>
<br>
Please allow me a na?ve question: do we believe in a one-feature binary<br>
opposition of ?perfective? vs. ?imperfective? aspect in languages that,<br>
unlike English (e.g., yesterday he wrote ~ yesterday he was writing) or<br>
Spanish (ayer escribi? ~ ayer estaba escribiendo), do not exhibit a<br>
clear-cut morphological distinction of this kind within the same tense, if<br>
I may put it as simply as possible?<br>
<br>
Thank you very much!<br>
<br>
Sergey<br>
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Message: 2<br>
Date: Sun, 27 Jul 2025 18:21:14 +0200<br>
From: Christian Lehmann <<a href="mailto:christian.lehmann@uni-erfurt.de" target="_blank">christian.lehmann@uni-erfurt.de</a>><br>
To: <a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br>
Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] once again about perfective vs. imperfective<br>
aspect<br>
Message-ID: <<a href="mailto:d0661ac5-37a0-4f8b-a0a2-3add34dc2e5a@uni-erfurt.de" target="_blank">d0661ac5-37a0-4f8b-a0a2-3add34dc2e5a@uni-erfurt.de</a>><br>
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<br>
Dear Sergey,<br>
<br>
you may wish to specify your question. First of all, there are languages <br>
without any aspect at all, e.g. German. Second, there are languages with <br>
more than two aspects at the same morphological level, e.g. Yucatec <br>
Maya. So what exactly is the question?<br>
<br>
Cheers, Christian<br>
<br>
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
<br>
Am 27.07.2025 um 17:20 schrieb Sergey Loesov via Lingtyp:<br>
><br>
> Dear colleagues,<br>
><br>
> Please allow me a na?ve question: do we believe in a one-feature <br>
> binary opposition of ?perfective? vs. ?imperfective? aspect in <br>
> languages that, unlike English (e.g., yesterday he wrote ~ yesterday <br>
> he was writing) or Spanish (ayer escribi? ~ ayer estaba escribiendo), <br>
> do not exhibit a clear-cut morphological distinction of this kind <br>
> within the same tense, if I may put it as simply as possible?<br>
><br>
> Thank you very much!<br>
><br>
> Sergey<br>
><br>
><br>
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Message: 3<br>
Date: Sun, 27 Jul 2025 16:29:04 +0000<br>
From: Juergen Bohnemeyer <<a href="mailto:jb77@buffalo.edu" target="_blank">jb77@buffalo.edu</a>><br>
To: Sergey Loesov <<a href="mailto:sergeloesov@gmail.com" target="_blank">sergeloesov@gmail.com</a>>,<br>
"<a href="mailto:LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG" target="_blank">LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG</a>"<br>
<<a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>><br>
Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] once again about perfective vs. imperfective<br>
aspect<br>
Message-ID:<br>
<<a href="mailto:SJ0PR15MB4696FAAD5CD6D1C78A7922FCDD5BA@SJ0PR15MB4696.namprd15.prod.outlook.com" target="_blank">SJ0PR15MB4696FAAD5CD6D1C78A7922FCDD5BA@SJ0PR15MB4696.namprd15.prod.outlook.com</a>><br>
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<br>
Dear Sergey ? Every utterance has aspectual reference, regardless of whether that aspectual reference is constrained by a functional expression (an aspect marker) or not. Therefore, *semantically*, a dynamic event description, regardless of tense, necessarily has either imperfective/progressive reference, perfective reference, perfect = post-state/time reference, prospective = pre-state/time reference, habitual reference, or generic reference. Those are the logical possibilities. (Dynamic b/c state descriptions are more or less inherently imperfective.) ? Best ? Juergen<br>
<br>
Bohnemeyer, J. (2023). Elicitation and documentation of tense and aspect. Language Documentation and Conservation 26: 59-98. PDF attached.<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
Juergen Bohnemeyer (He/Him)<br>
Professor, Department of Linguistics<br>
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From: Lingtyp <<a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>> on behalf of Sergey Loesov via Lingtyp <<a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>><br>
Date: Sunday, July 27, 2025 at 11:20<br>
To: <a href="mailto:LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG" target="_blank">LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG</a> <<a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>><br>
Subject: [Lingtyp] once again about perfective vs. imperfective aspect<br>
Dear colleagues,<br>
Please allow me a na?ve question: do we believe in a one-feature binary opposition of ?perfective? vs. ?imperfective? aspect in languages that, unlike English (e.g., yesterday he wrote ~ yesterday he was writing) or Spanish (ayer escribi? ~ ayer estaba escribiendo), do not exhibit a clear-cut morphological distinction of this kind within the same tense, if I may put it as simply as possible?<br>
Thank you very much!<br>
Sergey<br>
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End of Lingtyp Digest, Vol 130, Issue 24<br>
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