<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Dear Christian,</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Your category §1 looks like it could be called “directional verbs”.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Some languages have directional adverbs, directional affixes, etc.; but in Romance languages, the motion path is often encoded by (what could be called) directional verbs.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">For your §2, indeed "manner-of-motion verbs" sounds suitable.</div><br clear="all"></div><div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">best</div></div><div><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><font size="2" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Alex</font><hr style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:13.33px;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px" width="70" size="1" noshade align="left"><p style="font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif"><font size="2"><span style="color:rgb(69,129,142)">Alex François</span><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></span></font></p><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><font size="1"><span style="text-decoration:none"><a style="text-decoration:none" href="http://www.lattice.cnrs.fr/en/alexandre-francois/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">LaTTiCe</a> — <a title="ENS" style="color:rgb(51,102,204);text-decoration:none" href="https://www.cnrs.fr/en" rel="noopener" target="_blank">CNRS</a></span></font></span><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><font size="1"> </font></span><a title="ENS" style="color:rgb(51,102,204);text-decoration:none" href="https://www.cnrs.fr/en" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><font size="1">—</font></span></a><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><font size="1"> </font></span><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><font size="1"><span style="text-decoration:none"><a title="ENS" style="color:rgb(51,102,204);text-decoration:none" href="https://www.ens.fr/laboratoire/lattice-langues-textes-traitements-informatiques-et-cognition-umr-8094" rel="noopener" target="_blank">ENS</a></span></font></span><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><font size="1"><span style="text-decoration:none">–</span></font></span><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><font size="1"><span style="text-decoration:none"><a title="ENS" style="color:rgb(51,102,204);text-decoration:none" href="https://www.psl.eu/en" rel="noopener" target="_blank">PSL</a></span></font></span><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><font size="1"> — </font></span><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><font size="1"><span style="text-decoration:none"><a title="ENS" style="color:rgb(51,102,204);text-decoration:none" href="http://www.sorbonne-nouvelle.fr/lattice-langues-textes-traitements-informatiques-cognition-umr-8094-3458.kjsp" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Sorbonne nouvelle</a></span></font></span><a title="ENS" style="color:rgb(51,102,204);text-decoration:none" href="http://www.sorbonne-nouvelle.fr/lattice-langues-textes-traitements-informatiques-cognition-umr-8094-3458.kjsp" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><font size="1"><span style="text-decoration:none"></span></font></span></a><font size="1"><a title="ENS" style="color:rgb(51,102,204);text-decoration:none" href="http://www.sorbonne-nouvelle.fr/lattice-langues-textes-traitements-informatiques-cognition-umr-8094-3458.kjsp" rel="noopener" target="_blank"></a><br></font><div><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><font size="1"><span style="text-decoration:none"><a style="color:rgb(51,102,204);text-decoration:none" href="https://researchportalplus.anu.edu.au/en/persons/alex-francois" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Australian National University</a></span></font></span></div><div><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><font size="1"><span style="text-decoration:none"><a style="color:rgb(51,102,204);text-decoration:none" href="http://alex.francois.online.fr/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Personal homepage</a><br></span></font></span></div><div><font size="1">___________________</font><font size="1">___________________</font><font size="1">___</font><br><span style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><font size="1"><span style="text-decoration:none"></span></font></span></div></div></div></div><br><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">---------- Forwarded message ---------<br>From: <strong class="gmail_sendername" dir="auto">Christian Lehmann via Lingtyp</strong> <span dir="auto"><<a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>></span><br>Date: Tue, 16 Sept 2025 at 15:55<br>Subject: [Lingtyp] orientation<br>To: <<a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>><br></div><br><br><u></u>
<div>
Dear colleagues,<br>
<br>
allow me to bother you again with a terminological question. (I have
a hope that one or another of these little problems that pop up in
my work may be of interest to others, and the terminological
solutions may then be adopted).<br>
<br>
In Cabecar grammaticography, I have overused the term family 'orient
- oriented - orientation'. I am looking for substitutes. One context
in which I hope for an equivalent or even better term is motion
verbs. Consider this Spanish example:
<ol>
<li><i>entrar </i>'move in',<i> salir</i> 'move out', <i>subir </i>move
up',<i> bajar</i> 'move down', etc.</li>
<li><i>saltar</i> 'jump', <i>nadar</i> 'swim', <i>ambular</i>
'wander' etc.</li>
</ol>
The semantic and syntactic difference between these two sets has
been well-known at least since the work by Leonard Talmy. I have
followed other authors in naming them 'oriented motion' vs. 'manner
of motion'.. Now I want to get rid of the word <i>oriented</i>
here. What else have verbs such as those of series 1 been called?<br>
<br>
Thank you very much for your help,<br>
Christian<br>
<br>
PS: Should anybody be interested, I am, of course, ready to reveal
the other uses of the above term family.
<div>-- <br>
<p style="font-size:90%">Prof. em. Dr. Christian Lehmann<br>
Rudolfstr. 4<br>
99092 Erfurt<br>
<span style="font-variant:small-caps">Deutschland</span></p>
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