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Here is a comparison across various Slavonic languages, which are pro-drop to different degrees.
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<div>Seo, Seunghyun. 2001. The frequency of null subject in Russian, Polish, Czech, Bulgarian and Serbo-</div>
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<div>Croatian: an analysis according to morphosyntactic environments. PhD dissertation, Indiana</div>
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<div>University. Distributed by UMI, Ann Arbor, reference 3038515.</div>
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<div>Very best</div>
<div>Grev</div>
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<div>On 29 Oct 2025, at 15:58, Silvia Luraghi via Lingtyp <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org> wrote:</div>
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<div>In Italian, the singular forms of the subjunctive are syncretic. The subject that cannot usually be dropped is the second person; in general, the second person subject seems to be the one that is least likely to be dropped in Northern Italian varieties
that have obligatory (but in some cases 'droppable') subject prefixes. </div>
<div>On the other hand, in Hittite, normally a pro-drop language, third person subjects of intransitive verbs are obligatory.</div>
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<div dir="ltr">Silvia Luraghi<br>
Università di Pavia<br>
Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici, Sezione di Linguistica <br>
Strada Nuova 65<br>
I-27100 Pavia<br>
tel.: +39/0382/984685
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<div>Web page personale: <a href="https://studiumanistici.unipv.it/?pagina=docenti&id=68" originalsrc="https://studiumanistici.unipv.it/?pagina=docenti&id=68" target="_blank">
https://studiumanistici.unipv.it/?pagina=docenti&id=68</a></div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">Il giorno mer 29 ott 2025 alle ore 16:52 Christian Lehmann via Lingtyp <<a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>> ha scritto:<br>
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<div>In Spanish, the first and third person singular of the verb are syncretic in most TAM categories. Lehmann 2009 shows that in a relatively small portion of occurrences, the reference is disambiguated by a subject pronoun. In the majority of relevant cases,
the task of disambiguation is just left to the hearer.<br>
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Lehmann, Christian 2009, “El papel del pronombre personal sujeto en la desambiguación de formas verbales sincréticas”. Sánchez Miret, Fernando (ed.),
<i>Romanistica sin complejos. Homenaje a Carmen Pensado</i>. Bern etc.: P. Lang; 147-170.
<u></u>[ <a href="https://www.christianlehmann.eu/publ/lehmann_pronombre.pdf" originalsrc="https://www.christianlehmann.eu/publ/lehmann_pronombre.pdf" target="_blank">
descargar<img src="https://www.christianlehmann.eu/fundus/pdf.gif"></a> ]<u></u></div>
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<div>-- <br>
<p style="font-size:90%">Prof. em. Dr. Christian Lehmann<br>
Rudolfstr. 4<br>
99092 Erfurt<br>
<span style="font-variant:small-caps">Deutschland</span></p>
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