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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Hi, Scott<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Several Chadic languages do it (here is a selection):
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Hdi (Frajzyngier with Shay 2001)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Mina (Frajzyngier, Johnston with Edwards 2005)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Zygmunt<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><b><span style="color:black">From:
</span></b><span style="color:black">Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> on behalf of Scott Delancey via Lingtyp <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
<b>Date: </b>Monday, January 12, 2026 at 10:54 AM<br>
<b>To: </b>lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
<b>Subject: </b>[Lingtyp] SAP object indexation?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">[External email - use caution]<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="elementtoproof"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">Several Tibeto-Burman languages have a verbal index that indicates the presence of a 1<sup>st</sup> or 2<sup>nd</sup> person Object argument, for example |</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:black">-<b>č</b></span><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">|
in these Kinnaur examples:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="elementtoproof"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="elementtoproof"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">(1) <i> Ram-əs əŋ-u taŋ-<b>č</b>-e-š</i><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="elementtoproof"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> Ram-erg self-acc see-<b>1/2O</b>-pst-3hon<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="elementtoproof"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> ‘Ram saw me.’<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="elementtoproof"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">(2)
<i>gə ki-nu taŋ-<b>č</b>-o du-k</i><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="elementtoproof"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"> I you.hon-acc see</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:black">-<b>1/2O</b>-</span><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">prog
be-1sg</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"> ‘I am watching you.’<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">I'm sure there are other languages around the world which do this, can anyone give me some examples?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">Scott DeLancey<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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