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Hi Scott,</div>
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Many Oceanic languages do it! From memory I would suggest you to check Manam (Lichtenberk, 1983), Kokota (Palmer, 2009), Vamale (Rohleder, 2024) and Roviana (there's a sketch by Simon Corston-Oliver in the famous
<i>The Oceanic Languages</i> by Lynch, Ross & Pawley, 2002). There are for sure others.</div>
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Good luck with your research,</div>
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Fabio</div>
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<div id="divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" style="font-size:11pt" color="#000000"><b>De:</b> Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> en nombre de Zygmunt Frajzyngier via Lingtyp <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
<b>Enviado:</b> lunes, 12 de enero de 2026 19:06<br>
<b>Para:</b> Scott Delancey <delancey@uoregon.edu>; lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
<b>Asunto:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] SAP object indexation?</font>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Hi, Scott</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Several Chadic languages do it (here is a selection):
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Hdi (Frajzyngier with Shay 2001)</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Mina (Frajzyngier, Johnston with Edwards 2005)</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Zygmunt</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"> </span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><b><span style="color:black">From:
</span></b><span style="color:black">Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> on behalf of Scott Delancey via Lingtyp <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
<b>Date: </b>Monday, January 12, 2026 at 10:54 AM<br>
<b>To: </b>lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br>
<b>Subject: </b>[Lingtyp] SAP object indexation?</span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal">[External email - use caution]</p>
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<p class="x_elementtoproof"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; color:black">Several Tibeto-Burman languages have a verbal index that indicates the presence of a 1<sup>st</sup> or 2<sup>nd</sup> person Object argument, for example |</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt; color:black">-<b>č</b></span><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; color:black">|
in these Kinnaur examples:</span></p>
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<p class="x_elementtoproof"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">(1) <i> Ram-əs əŋ-u taŋ-<b>č</b>-e-š</i></span></p>
<p class="x_elementtoproof"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> Ram-erg self-acc see-<b>1/2O</b>-pst-3hon</span></p>
<p class="x_elementtoproof"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> ‘Ram saw me.’</span></p>
<p class="x_elementtoproof"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> </span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; color:black">(2)
<i>gə ki-nu taŋ-<b>č</b>-o du-k</i></span></p>
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<p class="x_elementtoproof"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; color:black"> I you.hon-acc see</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt; color:black">-<b>1/2O</b>-</span><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; color:black">prog
be-1sg</span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; color:black"> ‘I am watching you.’</span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; color:black">I'm sure there are other languages around the world which do this, can anyone give me some examples?</span></p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; color:black">Scott DeLancey</span></p>
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