9.43, FYI: Kalasha, NLP, ILLC Research Reports
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LINGUIST List: Vol-9-43. Tue Jan 13 1998. ISSN: 1068-4875.
Subject: 9.43, FYI: Kalasha, NLP, ILLC Research Reports
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=================================Directory=================================
1)
Date: Sun, 28 Dec 1997 16:13:50 -0500
From: Sam Sloan <sloan at ishipress.com>
Subject: Kalasha-Khowar-Nuristani Word List
2)
Date: Mon, 12 Jan 1998 09:41:28 -1000
From: Anne Sing <annes at htdc.org>
Subject: NLP Standards on the Web
3)
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 1997 23:31:28 +0100 (MET)
From: vervoort at wins.uva.nl (Marco R. Vervoort)
Subject: ILLC Research Reports and Technical Notes 1997
-------------------------------- Message 1 -------------------------------
Date: Sun, 28 Dec 1997 16:13:50 -0500
From: Sam Sloan <sloan at ishipress.com>
Subject: Kalasha-Khowar-Nuristani Word List
--
KALASHA - KHOWAR - NURISTANI WORD LIST
This is a comparative list of 205 words in English, Kalasha, Khowar,
Nuristani, Hindi-Urdu and Pashtu.
Kalasha is spoken by the so-called "Black Kafirs" who live in the valleys
of Bumboret, Birir and Rumbur in Chitral, Northwest Pakistan.
There are only 3,000 people left who still practice the Kalash religion.
However, there are about 3,000 others who have converted from Kalash to
Islam but who have reverted to speaking Kalasha. Thus, there are a total of
6,000 speakers of Kalasha.
Traditionally, when a person changed his religion from Kalash to Islam, he
stopped speaking Kalasha and started speaking Khowar. The Kalash say that
they came from a place called Tsyam, but nobody knows where that place is
or was.
Those who have reverted to speaking Kalasha live primarily in Urtsun and
Jinjoret Valleys south of Drosh and in the Village of Kalkatak in Chitral.
Nuristani is spoken by the former so-called "Red Kafirs" who live primarily
in the Kunar Province of Afghanistan. There are 100,000 speakers of
Nuristani. There are three varieties of Nuristani: Kativiri, Kamviri and
Mumviri. It is not clear whether these three are dialects or are
independent languages, but they are related. Kativiri is used in my word
list below.
The Nuristanis are an old tribe who, it is believed, were encountered by
Alexander the Great when he came through the area in 327 BC. Some claim
that the Nuristanis are actual descendants of the soldiers of Alexander of
Macedonia. This claim is almost certainly not true, as it seems clear that
the Nuristanis were already there when Alexander arrived, and that his
historians wrote about them.
There is a popular movie entitled "The Man Who Would Be King" staring Sean
Connery which is based upon the legend that the Nuristanis came from
Alexander the Great.
The Nuristanis themselves claim that they are the original Qureish, the
tribe of Muhammad, the Prophet. When the people of Mecca converted to
Islam, there were a few who kept the old religion and were therefore driven
out of Mecca. They migrated to Afghanistan and became the Nuristanis, or so
the Nuristanis say. However, nobody other than the Nuristanis themselves
seem to believe this story to be true.
Nuristan was conquered by King Abdul Rehman of Afghanistan in 1893, who
forcibly converted the Nuristanis to Islam. Previously, their land was
known as Kafirstan and their language as Kafirstani.
Kalasha is classified as being closely related to Khowar but, as this word
list demonstrates, they are far apart and only distantly related. Nuristani
is even more distantly related. These three languages are all classified as
"Dardic" languages.
Included herein are also my Hindi-Urdu and Pashtu word lists. The purpose
for inclusion is simply to demonstrate that Kalasha, Khowar and Nuristani
are not related to Urdu or Pashtu.
Credit is due to Kendall Decker of the Summer Institute of Linguistics for
providing data, although I doubt that Mr. Decker wants to take the credit
(and blame) for my method of transcription.
- Ismail Sloan
English Kalasha Khowar Nuristani Hindi-Urdu Pashtu
body Che qalip jith jism badan
head shish kapal she sar sar
hair chawar phur zhu bal wextu
face ru mox naskor chehra max
eye ech ghech ache akh starga
ear ka kar kor ekkan ghwag
nose nast neskar naso nak poza
mouth ashi apak ashi muh zolu
tooth dandorik don duth ekdat ghax
tounge jiph ligini dits zaban jiba
breast chuchu pap chuk chati sina
belly kuch shkama kutal pet xeta
arm/hand baza bazu gotar bazu las
elbow harkin kurkun apti kohni sangal
palm pe phan dushpar hatheli tale
finger agu chamut ayu ungli gota
fingelnail nanguzhek dughur nachi naxun nukh
leg khur dek zapo tan xpaq
skin post phost chum jidl sarman
bone athi kol ati hadi aduke
heart hia hardi ziri dil zaru
blood lui lei lui xun wina
urine mutra miru tsuio peshab mutiaze
feces rich rich gii puxana dake-mutiaze
village grom deh grom gau kale
house dur dur amu ghar kor
roof drami istan krum chat chath
door dur dowaht du darwaza war
firewood shula dar da lakri largi
broom shashkoni mazhini ska jharu jaru
mortar dipa andor aru langri langarei
pestle muso musul wo hathi chetu
hammer balka chota budil hathera satak
knife chaku chaku chaku chaqu chaku
axe badok bardox wuza kulhara tabar
rope rajuk shimeni mina rasi pare
thread sutr sutur pchiche dhaga tar
needle suzhik shunj chimchich sui stan
cloth chelegar zap pizisna kapra kapra
ring angushtyer pulungushtu angishti anguthi gota
sun suri yor su suraj nwar
moon mastruk mas mos chand spogmai
sky di asman asma asman asman
star tari istari rushto sitara store
rain piliwe boshik agol baris baran
water ukh ugh o pani ubu
river patisholi sin nao darya sind
cloud minji kot naru badal waryaz
lighting indochik bilpak dashpulsela bijili prakigi
rainbow indru dronhanu indro quzah tal
wind sira gan dimi hawa hawa
stone bath boht wat pathar kane
path pon pon puth rasta lar
sand shigo shughur tsuyu ret shaga
fire angar angar ango ag our
smoke thum kushun dyum dhua luge
ash shutik pheru asi rakh ira
mud tuk toq shur kichar xata
dust khatur gihth paras miti gard
gold sue sorum sun sona zar
tree muth kan kanu daraxt wana
leaf pu chan pur pata pana
root iznos iwak lu jhar jarare
thorn chuk zux tai kata azghe
flower gamburi gamburi pish phul gwal
fruit mewa mewa miwa phal mewa
mango am am am am am
banana kela kela kila kela kela
wheat ghum gom gum gehu ghanam
millet ain gras ro bajra warbashi
rice grinzh grinj mo chawal wrije
potato alu alu aluk alu alu
eggplant khalia patigan banjon baenan tor-batingar
groundnut bum-pali mum-phali mom-phali mun-phali
mumpali
chili mach mahch murch mirch marchake
turmeric zechawa zehchawa zarchawa haldi kurkaman
garlic weshnu wrezhnu wezhnu lehsan uga
onion kachenduk trashtu cheknuk piaz piaz
cauliflower gobi gobi gulpi gobi gobi
tomato patingel patingel patingal tamatar sur-batingar
oil tel tel til tel tel
salt lu trup zhukh namak malga
meat mos phushur bete gosht ghwaxa
fat me ghap ske cherbi wazda
fish matsi matsi omatsa machli kab
chicken kakawak kahak kok murghi charga
egg ayukun ayukun puduk anda hu
cow gakh leshu go gae ghwa
buffalo gamesh gamesh mashigo bhes mexa
milk chhir chhir zu dudh pe
horns shin surung shin sing xkar
tail dameri rum demee dum lake
goat pai pai washi bakri biza
dog shua reni kui kuta spe
snake gokh ai bibimsta saap mar
monkey meka mukul maka bandar bizo
mosquito trakmangash kagunu tarak machar mashe
ant pililak pilili ramikh chiuti mege
spider upalak shubinak parkemuk makri jola
name nom nam nom nam num
man much mosh manshi admi sare
woman istizha kimeri jukur urat xaza
child suda tsiq pirmi bacha mashum
father dada tat to bap plar
mother aya nan nu ma mor
brother baya brar bro bhai ror
sister baba ispisar sus bahen xor
son putr zhao pitr beta zwe
daughter chu zhur jukh beti lur
husband beru mosh mach shohar xawand
wife ja bok shtiri bivi xaza
boy purushguek daq midi larka halak
girl shtrizhaguek kumoru jukh larki jine
day bas anus gijur din wraz
night rat chhui radur rat shpa
morning adua chhuchhi puchkul subah sahar
noon hulukuna granish grish dopaher gharma
afternoon chakdiwio sham shom sham maxam
yesterday dosh dosh dus kal parun
today oja hanun shirakgijur aj nan
tomorrow chopo pengachui dalke ainda-kal saba
week sat-bas hafta agar hafta hafta
month mastruk mas mos mihana miasht
year kao sal si sal kal
old shumberan paranu syuma purana zor
new noa nogh nui nea nawe
good prusht jam lasta acha xu
bad shum shum digar xarab xarab
wet grila zah zheli bhiga lund
dry shushta ChuChhu drisht xushk wach
long driga drung darga lamba ugud
short betsak iskurdi moti chota lund
hot tapala pech pech garam tod
cold osh ushak yuz thanda yax
right drach hoski dachin dae xe
left kawri kholi ka bae gas
near shoiuna shoi tevire qarib nizde
far desha duderi badyur dur lare
big gada Lot alr bara ghat
small chutyak tsiq parmi chota warkote
heavy anguraka qai gamwo bhari drund
light lots lots luka halka spak
above tara sora ula upar uchat
below nuna mula viri niche lande
white goirak shpiru kashir sufed spin
black krizhna sha zhi kala tor
red lachia krui za lal sur
one ek i ew ek yao
two du ju dui do dwa
three tre troi tere tin dre
four chao Chor shtewo char salor
five poin poch puch pach pinza
six sho Chhoi shu che shpag
seven sat sot suth sat uwe
eight asht usht ushth ath atu
nine no niu nu nao naha
ten dash jush duts das las
eleven dashyega sushi yanits gyara yaolas
twelve dashyedua johju dits bara dolas
twenty bishi bishir vatsi bis shal
one-hundred shor shor putsi ekso sal
who kura ka katsi kun sok
what kia kiagh kai kya su
where kawa kura kor kidhar charta
when kayo kiawaht koi kab kala
how-many kimon kanduri chuk kitne somra
which kure kiwali gajista kensa kam
this ia haya eni ye da
that se hes iki wo agha
these emi hamit amni ye da
those eli het amki wo agha
same barubar barabar erngest ekhi yaoshan
whole taza pura pura mukamal rogh
broken chhina Chhirdu patingusti tuta mat
few chutyak kam echok thora lag
many bo bo baluk ziada der
all sao saf tsak sab tol
eat zhuk zhibik yu tumkhao xoral
bite ashato oyoi atushio katna chichal
hungry anora Chuyi io bhukh lagna
drink pi pik pi pina skal
thirsty dan trush opi lagna kedal
sleep dudi oreik prush sona udakedal
lay drekda porik chi letna samlastal
sit nas nishik nis baethna kenastal
give pra dik pre dena warkawal
burn upweik paleik lush jalana talargi
die anashi brik misi marna mrakedal
kill nash mareik jai marna wajal
fly upul ulik undr urna alwatal
walk! kasi kosik esti chalna paidalarsha
run adyae deik achu durna mandawahal
go par bik etu jana talal
come a gik hatsi ana ratlal
speak ama ludik wila bolna wayal
heard sanga kara singa suna awredal
see pashi poshik waa dekhna katal
I a awa uts mae zu
you tu tu twi tum tu
you-(formal) tu tu twi ap taso
he/she asa hes iki vo hagha
we abi spa imu ham munga
you-(plural) abi pisa sho tum taso
they eli het amki vo haghwi
-------------------------------- Message 2 -------------------------------
Date: Mon, 12 Jan 1998 09:41:28 -1000
From: Anne Sing <annes at htdc.org>
Subject: NLP Standards on the Web
The VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language) Consortium
(http://www.vrml.org) has just accepted my proposal to form a
working group to develop standards for the interaction of
Natural Language Processing tools with 3D animations for the
purpose of command and control and interactive dialogs with 3D
animations. For those who would like to know more about the
proposed standards or would like to participate in the working
group, the proposal for the working group and the initial set of
standards can be found at
http://www.vrml.org/WorkingGroups/nlp-anim.
The VRML Consortium is a group made up of individuals working to
create international standards for VRML under the International
Organization of Standardization. The VRML Consortium web page
describes these efforts, "The International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies from some 100 countries, one from each country. ISO is online
at http://www.iso.ch. The Joint Technical Committee 1 (JTC 1) of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) has worked
cooperatively over the past two years with the VRML community to
transpose the publicly available VRML specification into an
International Standard. Within JTC 1, the development work on VRML
is assigned to Subcommittee 24 (SC24) whose area of work is Computer
Graphics and Image Processing.
VRML 97, the latest specification, can be seen at
http://www.vrml.org/Specifications/VRML97/.
As you know current groups such as EAGLES or the MUC conferences that
propose standards for NLP have not done much in the area of interactive
dialogs or command and control. For this reason, the discussion on the
VRML list concerning the development of standards for NLP in the area of
interactive dialogs and command and control may be of value to many
readers of this list. To subscribe to the list send the message
"subscribe nlp-anim" to nlp-anim-request at vrml.org. To view the initial
proposals go to http://www.vrml.org/WorkingGroups/nlp-anim.
Phil Bralich
Philip A. Bralich, Ph.D.
President and CEO
Ergo Linguistic Technologies
2800 Woodlawn Drive, Suite 175
Honolulu, HI 96822
Tel: (808)539-3920
Fax: (808)5393924
Philip A. Bralich, President
Ergo Linguistic Technologies
2800 Woodlawn Drive, Suite 175
Honolulu, HI 96822
tel:(808)539-3920
fax:(880)539-3924
-------------------------------- Message 3 -------------------------------
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 1997 23:31:28 +0100 (MET)
From: vervoort at wins.uva.nl (Marco R. Vervoort)
Subject: ILLC Research Reports and Technical Notes 1997
ILLC Scientific Publications
- --------------------------
This document contains the titles of the reports that were published
by the Institute for Logic, Language and Computation (ILLC) this year.
All ILLC reports are available from the ILLC bureau:
ILLC Bureau
University of Amsterdam
Plantage Muidergracht 24
NL-1018 TV Amsterdam
The Netherlands
Many reports are also electronically available,
by WWW at http://www.wins.uva.nl/research/illc/wwwreports.html and
or FTP at ftp://ftp.wins.uva.nl/pub/theory/illc/researchreports/
The ILLC bureau may be contacted by email, at illc at wins.uva.nl
Reports are numbered Series-Year-Number, where `Series' is one of
CT = Computation and Complexity Theory
LP = Logic, Philosophy and Linguistics
ML = Mathematical Logic and Foundations
MoL = Master of Logic Thesis
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
Report LP-1997-01
Title: Dynamic Bits and Pieces
Author: Johan van Benthem
Report LP-1997-02
Title: On Denoting Descriptions
Author: Paul Dekker
Report LP-1997-03
Title: On First Order Information Exchange
Author: Paul Dekker
Report LP-1997-04
Title: Dynamic Epistemic Logic
Author: Jelle Gerbrandy
Report LP-1997-05
Title: Bisimulation and Bounded Bisimulation
Author: Jelle Gerbrandy
Report LP-1997-06
Title: Typed Logic With States
Author: Jan van Eijck
Report LP-1997-07
Title: A Logic of Vision (revised version of LP-1996-14)
Author: Michiel van Lambalgen, Jaap van der Does
Report LP-1997-08
Title: Wider Still and Wider... Resetting the Bounds of Logic
Author: Johan van Benthem
Report LP-1997-09
Title: A Nonmonotonic Observation Logic
Author: Frans Voorbraak
Report LP-1997-10
Title: Dynamic Reasoning Without Variables
Author: Jan van Eijck
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