14.2302, Qs: Markup Examples; Copula/Non-canonical Subjects

[LINGUIST List]

LINGUIST List:  Vol-14-2302. Tue Sep 2 2003. ISSN: 1068-4875.

Subject: 14.2302, Qs: Markup Examples; Copula/Non-canonical Subjects

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1)
Date:  Mon, 1 Sep 2003 19:24:47 +0100
From:  "peetm" <peet.morris at comlab.ox.ac.uk>
Subject:  Markup Examples

2)
Date:  Tue, 02 Sep 2003 13:48:15 +0200
From:  J-C Khalifa <jck at ricky.univ-poitiers.fr>
Subject:  Qs: non-canonical subjetcts in corpora (2), BE

-------------------------------- Message 1 -------------------------------

Date:  Mon, 1 Sep 2003 19:24:47 +0100
From:  "peetm" <peet.morris at comlab.ox.ac.uk>
Subject:  Markup Examples

Hi,

I'm really interested in seeing alternative mark-ups of the following
sentence:

"Time flies like an arrow whereas fruit flies like a banana"

I know that 'accurate' is entirely subjective - and down to the tagger
-  but - I'd like to see samples of mark-ups produced by this
sentence,  'accurate' or not (preferably with an explanation of the
mark-up used: methododology/tag set - or with links to the same).

Many thanks,

peetm

email: peet.morris at clg.ox.ac.uk

addr: Computational Linguistics Group
      University of Oxford
      The Clarendon Institute
      Walton Street
      Oxford
      OX1 2HG





-------------------------------- Message 2 -------------------------------

Date:  Tue, 02 Sep 2003 13:48:15 +0200
From:  J-C Khalifa <jck at ricky.univ-poitiers.fr>
Subject:  Qs: non-canonical subjetcts in corpora (2), BE

It is well-known in logico-linguistic literature that the copula BE
may take at least 3 values: identification (i.e. Venus is the morning
star), belonging to a set (i.e. Venus is a planet) and inclusion of
one set in another (i.e. dogs are mammals). My question is, are there
any languages that have 3 different morphemes more or less covering
the 3 values? Spanish has 2, ser and estar, but I don't know of any
examples of languages having 3 "verb BE". Can anyone direct me to
references on this ?

I'm also repeating, if I may, a question I sent early in the summer,
and which, to my surprise and dismay, was left unanswered. Maybe too
few people got to read it on account of holidays, or maybe it was
answered after all, but replies were bounced, indeed I had quite a lot
of computer/server woes during the summer, so I'm trying again on the
off chance... Here it was:

>I'm starting a piece of work on non-canonical subjects in English (i.e.
>mainly finite & non-finite clauses, PPs and the like). I was wondering
>whether anyone could direct me to published or unpublished studies on the
>frequency of such subjects in corpora. I'm quite sure there must have been
>some work on the relative frequency of subjects by type (pronouns, NPs,
>complex NPs, and hopefully non-canonical ones), but I must admit I'm quite
>lost in the spate of corpus linguistics studies that have been published
>in the past few years. Any tips on this? I'll post a summary if that
>proves useful.

All the very best,

                 Jean-Charles Khalifa

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