29.143, FYI: Online Lecture 1/11: Predictors of Naming Outcome

[The LINGUIST List]

LINGUIST List: Vol-29-143. Mon Jan 08 2018. ISSN: 1069 - 4875.

Subject: 29.143, FYI: Online Lecture 1/11: Predictors of Naming Outcome

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Date: Mon, 08 Jan 2018 17:04:17
From: Dirk Den Ouden [denouden at sc.edu]
Subject: Online Lecture 1/11: Predictors of Naming Outcome

 
Thursday, January 11th, 2pm EST
https://global.gotomeeting.com/join/667426173
http://cstar.sc.edu/lecture-series/

Imaging and Medical Predictors of Naming Outcome after Left Hemisphere Stroke
Argye E. Hillis, MD.
Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine

Most studies of language recovery after stroke have evaluated people at
different times post-stroke and identified variables associated with good
versus poor recovery. There have been some longitudinal studies of aphasia
recovery, but few have used advanced brain imaging, and no longitudinal
studies have evaluated the influence of medications. We studied 31 patients
from the first 48 hours after stroke, 1 month, and 6 months on picture
descriptions (quantitatively analyzed for Content Units (CU; mentioned by
normal controls in describing the picture) and the Boston Naming Test (BNT).
Patients had structural and functional MRI at each time point. We evaluated
associations between improvement (measured by BNT and CU) and imaging
variables and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). We then tested
predictions from this set of patients in a separate set of 42 patients with
chronic stroke, with logistic regression and t-tests. The only regions where
damage was associated with the degree of naming recovery were left superior
longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG),
after controlling for lesion volume. Changes in activation patterns associated
with naming differed across patients, even with similar lesions. Good recovery
was associated with increased balance of activity across pSTG, inferior
frontal gyrus, and angular gyrus bilaterally in patients without damage to
these key areas. SSRI use during the first 3 months after stroke was
associated with greater naming improvement (Χ2 = 6.30; p=0.012) and greater
improvement in picture description content (X2 = 6.92; p= 0.009) (after
correcting for initial severity for both), even though patients taking SSRIs
were nonsignificantly more depressed.
In the independent group of patients with chronic stroke, we confirmed that
damage to pSTG and/or SLF was associated with failure to recover naming
(X2=24.2; p<0.0001). Damage to pSTG/SLF was associated with lower odds of
achieving highest quartile of object naming, after controlling for lesion
volume and months since onset (OR:0.034; CI 0.0033-0.35; p=0.005). We also
confirmed that among those with pSTG/SLF lesions, SSRIs users showed better
recovery in object naming than non-users (45.5 vs. 83.5% correct; t=2.0;
p=0.029). Those without pSTG/SLF lesions showed excellent naming recovery with
or without SSRIs (99.7 vs 99.3% correct).
Finally, we carried out an additional study to evaluate the effect of
leukoaraiosis in the right hemisphere. We found poorer outcome in aphasic
individuals with leukoaraiosis, independently of lesion volume, site, or other
risk factors. These preliminary data indicate that language recovery is
influenced by lesion location, SSRI use, and leukoaraiosis in the undamaged
hemisphere. Larger studies are needed to determine the extent to which they
prospectively predict recovery by a particular time point.

The lecture will be held at Johns Hopkins University. However, it will be
broadcast live to USC:

Room #140, Discovery I, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208
Date: Thursday, January 11 2018, Time: 2pm – 3pm EDT
The viewing event will be catered!
The lecture can also be followed online from your computer, tablet or
smartphone, via the following GoToMeeting address (no password required):
https://global.gotomeeting.com/join/667426173
You can also dial in using your phone. 
United States : +1 (872) 240-3412
Access Code: 667-426-173
First GoToMeeting? Try a test session: http://help.citrix.com/getready
 



Linguistic Field(s): Clinical Linguistics
                     Neurolinguistics
                     Psycholinguistics
                     Semantics





 



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