<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> </span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">L O W L A N D S - L - 06 March 2007 - Volume 05</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">=========================================================================</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">From: </span><span id="_user_arthurobin2002@yahoo.com" style="color: rgb(0, 104, 28); font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Arthur Jones <<a href="mailto:arthurobin2002@yahoo.com">
arthurobin2002@yahoo.com</a>></span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Subject: LL-L "Etymology" 2007.03.05 (09) [E]</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><div style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;" id="mb_0"><div>Moin Moin Sassenaks!</div> <div> </div> <div>Kevin en Sandy schrieven:</div> <div><br><From: <span style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">
Kevin Caldwell <<a href="mailto:kevin.caldwell1963@verizon.net" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"> kevin.caldwell1963@verizon.net</a>></span><span style="font-weight: normal;"></span>
<br><Subject: LL-L "Language varieties" 2007.03.05 (07) [E]<br><br><From: Sandy Fleming <<a href="mailto:sandy@scotstext.org" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"> sandy@scotstext.org
</a>><br><Subject: LL-L "Idiomatica" 2007.03.05 (01) [E]<br></div> <blockquote style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(16, 16, 255); padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 5px;"> <div style="direction: ltr;"><span>> I'm sure I've come across various oral-language equivalents of this -
<br>> vocabulary that alters to accommodate amateur etymology. I can't seem to<br>> think of any examples offhand, though.<br><br></span></div> <div style="direction: ltr;">"Jerusalem artichoke," from the Italian "girasole" (meaning "heliotrope").
The "artichoke" part is another story. <br><br>"Hoppin'
John" (a dish made with black-eyed peas and rice), supposedly from the
French Creole name for black-eyed peas, "pois pigeons" (pigeon peas).<br></div> <div style="direction: ltr;"><span><br>> Oh yes, the phrase "scart-free" used by at least one Scottish writer has <br>
> been discussed on the list before. Does "scot-free" really come from the<br>> Scots for "without a scratch", or is it from the French "escot"? That<br>> sort of thing.<br><br></span>
</div> <div style="direction: ltr;">The
"scot" in "scot free" is from Old Norse, and connected with modern
French "écot". It means simply "money assessed or paid" (from
Merriam-Webster OnLine). A more detailed explanation is here: <a href="http://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-sco1.htm" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">http://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-sco1.htm
</a><br></div> <div style="direction: ltr;"><span><br>Kevin Caldwell<br></span></div></blockquote> <div>The
"scot" in "scot free" actually goes back a bit farther than Old Norse.
The attested Gothic word "skatta" was a word for coin, treasure, or
money for paying "mota" or taxes and tolls and such. </div> <div> </div> <div>The modern words are "Schatz" in German, such as a "Schatzmeister" or Treasurer. </div> <div> </div> <div>Other
sources tell me that the modern "scot free" usage came either from
universal usage in the Low Saxon and other northern dialects of the
Hanseatic League, although I still do not recall ever seeing definite
proof of this, or else that it came into frequent contact with the
English language in the early days of British and Dutch colonies in
North America: When English settlers could buy an item "skatt frij"
from the New Amsterdam colony in what is nowadays New York. Perhaps an
overlap exists between "skada/schaden/scathe" or injury, damage, giving
us the double meaning: "He got off Scot free" connotes "unharmed" as
well as "untaxed". </div> <div> </div> <div>Arthur<br></div><br><div><font color="#ff0000">ARTHUR A. JONES</font></div></div><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
----------</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">From: R.F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com">sassisch@yahoo.com
</a>></span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Subject: Etymology</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
Arthur, Lowlanders,</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Whether or not that etymology is correct I do not know. However, Arthur, what you told us tallies with Old Saxon ... sort of ...:
</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 153); font-family: arial,sans-serif;">skat</span>
<span style="font-weight: bold; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 153); font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 153); font-family: arial,sans-serif;">(~ </span><span style="font-style: italic; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 153); font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
skatt</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 153); font-family: arial,sans-serif;">) : coin, money, treasure, estate ></span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">fehuskat</span><span style="font-weight: bold; font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">: ("livestock ...") coin, money
</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">hôvidskat</span><span style="font-weight: bold; font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> </span>
<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">: ("head ...") polltax</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">mundskat</span>
<span style="font-weight: bold; font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">: ("mouth ...") protection</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
siluvarskat </span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">: ("silver ...") silver coin</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
weroldskat</span><span style="font-weight: bold; font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">: ("world ...") worldly goods</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">winskat</span><span style="font-weight: bold; font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">: ("wine ...") wine tax
</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">H</span>owever ... <span style="font-style: italic;">
nota benissime</span> ...<br><br></span><span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 153); font-family: arial,sans-serif;">skot</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 153); font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
: tax</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Derived from Old English </span><span style="font-style: italic; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
scot</span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">, "scot" (~ "shot" < </span><span style="font-style: italic; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">sceot</span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
) in this sense is still officially an English word, albeit a rather archaic one; e.g., ...</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
This notable Club Pacchiarotto </span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> Had joined long since, paid </span><span style="text-decoration: underline; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
scot </span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">and lot to, </span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> As free and accepted 'Bardotto'.</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> Elizabeth Barrett Browning, 1876</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
</span><i style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Scot</i><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">, an ale-house reckoning.</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
Georgina F. Jackson, </span><i style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Shropshire word-book</i><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> 1879–81</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">This word is attested in English as far back as in the early 13th century.</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">It is related to Old Frisian </span><span style="font-style: italic; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">skot</span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> with the same basic meaning, as opposed to
</span><span style="font-style: italic; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">sket(t)</span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> 'coin', 'money', 'treasure', 'estate', 'owned livestock'.
</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Middle Saxon (Hanseatic business correspondence):</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-style: italic; font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Vortmer [de] radessendeboden van Lubeke spreken to den Lyflandesschen
steden, also umme dubbelt </span><span style="text-decoration: underline; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">schot</span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">unde umme dat stucke sulvers, dat ere
copman utgeven moste to broke etc. ...</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-style: italic; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
Recess to Rostock unde Lubeke</span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">, 1417</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
Broder dat were uns gud an lyve und an seyle, dat wy hyr uns bergen kunden und wy solden hyr wol 10 jar lenger leven dan to Lubeke und wy mochten hyr met vreden und sunder grot </span><span style="text-decoration: underline; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
schot </span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">und beswarynge leven und mochten hyr under uns leven, woe wy wolden sunder grote kost; und hyr es gud kop huses to hurnen, dey lustych und wol belegen buten weges, wor men dey leyvest und best hebben wel. ...
</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-style: italic; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Zyverd Veckynchusen</span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
, 1370–1426</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
item schal eyn borgermestere mit den saluesten twen </span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;" class="BSTW">kemeren</span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> unde ver anderen ratmannen </span><span style="text-decoration: underline; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
schot</span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">, pacht, unde allerlegge upkommige baren uppe dem rathuse</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> Mecklenburg, 1481
</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Regards,</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
Reinhard/Ron</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">