<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> </span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">L O W L A N D S - L - 28 August 2007 - Volume 05</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Song Contest: <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/contest/">lowlands-l.net/contest/</a> (- 31 Dec. 2007)</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
=========================================================================</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">From: </span>
<span id="_user_luc.hellinckx@gmail.com" style="color: rgb(0, 104, 28); font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Luc Hellinckx</span><span style="font-weight: normal; font-family: arial,sans-serif;" class="lg"> <<a href="mailto:luc.hellinckx@gmail.com">
luc.hellinckx@gmail.com</a>></span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Subject: LL-L "Grammar"</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<div style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;" id="mb_0"><div style="direction: ltr;">Beste Ron,<br><br>You wrote:<br><br>> In all of the above constructions, the first occurrence of the<br>> personal pronoun is optional and is often used emphatically, while the
<br>> second occurrence is mandatory. As is suggested by the spelled forms,<br>> the second occurrence is enclitic. This means that the pronoun has<br>> been fused with the preceding verbs construction to some degree, not
<br>> to the degree of a suffix (which in Uyghur is fully integrated into<br>> the word's phonology: stress assignment and vowel harmony). In some<br>> other Turkic languages, full suffixization of these former personal
<br>> pronouns has indeed taken place. In theory at least, this could<br>> happen in Ostend Western Flemish if it were left to its own devices,<br>> i.e., came to be isolated from related language varieties. Just for
<br>> the "fun" of it, let me show you what this would most likely look like<br>> (hypothetically, mind you):<br><br>Double use of a personal pronoun also occurs in Brabantish,<br><br>e.g. "ge hoort gij maar met één oor" ~ "g'hoeër(t) gaa màà mé iën oeër"
<br>( ~ "you're listening with one ear only" (E))<br><br>but in contrast with Uyghur the first pronoun is mandatory and the<br>second one is used for emphasis. If even more stress is necessary, a<br>third pronoun is used:
<br><br>"ge hoort ge gij maar met één oor" ~ "g'hoeër(t) ge gaa màà mé iën oeër"<br><br>This leads to the following situation for the other pronouns:<br><br>"ik hoor ik ik niet goed"<br>"ge hoort ge gij niet goed"
<br>"hij hoort en hij niet goed", "ze hoort ze zij niet goed"<br>"me horen me wijlie niet goed"<br>"ge hoort ge gijlie niet goed"<br>"ze horen ze zijlie niet goed"<br><br>
(read more here: <a onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clitic_doubling" target="_blank">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clitic_doubling</a>)<br><br>Some degree of suffixization can be seen when a question is asked, like
<br>"Hoor jij goed?" A confirming answer would then be:<br><br>"jaak" (< ja-ik)<br><br>When a second or third person is addressed, this becomes respectively:<br><br>"jaach" and "jaan"/"jaas"/"jaat"
<br><br>Plural: "jaam", "jaach", "jaas"<br><br>(similar for denial "nee")<br><br>Kind greetings,<br></div><div style="direction: ltr;"><span class="sg"><br>Luc Hellinckx<br></span></div>
<div style="direction: ltr;"><br>PS: Just back from a cycling trip along the Dalmatian coast, so I'm<br>lagging behind; trying to catch up.<br><br>----------<br><br>From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com">
sassisch@yahoo.com</a>><br>Subject: Grammar<br><br>Hi, Luc, and thanks!<br><br>I hope you had a good time in Dalmatia. I remember the area with fondness.<br><br>You didn't miss all that much. Folks have been lazy.
<br><br>Don't many or most Brabantish varieties have (East) Flemish substrates? Could this feature belong to it?<br><br>Regards,<br>Reinhard/Ron<br></div></div><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">