<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> </span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">L O W L A N D S - L - 24 September 2007 - Volume 03</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Song Contest: <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/contest/">lowlands-l.net/contest/</a> (- 31 Dec. 2007)</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
=========================================================================</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">From: </span>
<span id="_user_sandy@scotstext.org" style="color: rgb(91, 16, 148); font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Sandy Fleming</span><span style="font-weight: normal; font-family: arial,sans-serif;" class="lg"> <<a href="mailto:sandy@scotstext.org">
sandy@scotstext.org</a>></span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Subject: LL-L "Etymology" 2007.09.23 (03) [E]</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><div style="direction: ltr; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">> From: jonny <<a onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)" href="mailto:jonny.meibohm@arcor.de">jonny.meibohm@arcor.de
</a>><br>> Subject: LL-L 'Etymology'<br>><br>> Beste Lowlanners,<br>><br>> today I had for some reasons to climb into my neighbour's 'paddock',<br>> that fenced area to train horses. Yes- it's the same in German as in
<br>> English, an old loan, I guess.<br>><br>> On my way home then I came across Shakespeare's prologue of Macbeth,<br>> where one of the witches is called by (a ghost?) with name _Paddock_.<br>><br>> I wonder where on earth there could be the relations between these two
<br>> words?<br><br>Jonny,<br><br>At the end of the prologue the witches are calling to their familiars,<br>which are animals that a witch or wizard use as a roaming pair of eyes<br>and suchlike.<br><br>Thus, "Paddock" is a frog or toad, and "Graymalkin" is a grey cat.
<br><br>"Puddock" or "puddy" is still a common word in Scots for a frog or toad.<br></div><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;" class="sg"><br>Sandy Fleming<br><a onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)" href="http://scotstext.org/" target="_blank">
http://scotstext.org/</a><br><br></span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">----------</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
From: </span><span id="_user_mrdreyer@lantic.net" style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25); font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Mark Dreyer <<a href="mailto:mrdreyer@lantic.net">mrdreyer@lantic.net</a>></span><span style="font-weight: normal; font-family: arial,sans-serif;" class="lg">
</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Subject: LL-L "Etymology" 2007.09.23 (05) [E]</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><div style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;" id="mb_1">
<div bgcolor="#ffffff">
<div><font size="2">Dear All:</font></div>
<div> </div>
<div>Subject: LL-L 'Etymology'<span><br></span><span></span></div><span class="q">
<div><span><font size="2">> Ron would know how the 'p's' crept in, but it's not
an</font></span></div>
<div><span><font size="2">> altogether unusual linguistic phenomenon, I
think.</font></span></div>
<div><span></span> </div></span>
<div><span><font size="2">Correction! As you were!</font></span></div>
<div><span></span> </div>
<div><span><font size="2">I <u>should</u> have written: '...how the 'd's' crept
in...'</font></span></div>
<div><span><font size="2">It looks unsatisfactory in writing that a hard 'R'
should be replaced by a 'D', but I know how easily one may become the other in
the mouth. The boffins of Rhodes University Grahamstown in the Eastern Cape
report that the English 'dialect' down that way shows a tendency to convert soft
'r' to 'd', probably under the influence of Eastern Frontier Afrikaans hard
'R'..</font></span></div><span class="q">
<div><span></span> </div>
<div><span></span>> Please also
consider Germanic <span style="font-style: italic;">schild<span style="text-decoration: underline;"> pad</span></span></div>
<div>> ("shield/armored toad")
and variants thereof</div>
<div>> for 'tortois' and
'turtle'</div>
<div> </div></span>
<div>Ron, I like that, but how then
do I fit this in with the Afrikaans 'skulp' = 'shell'? Skulpad makes such good
sense, now, but what relation has our skulp 'shell' to our skild 'shield'
if any? <span class="q"><br><br>> I have a hunch that Low Saxon
<span style="font-style: italic;">Pogg</span> and <span style="font-style: italic;">Pock</span></span></div><span class="q">
<div><span style="font-style: italic;">>
</span>for 'frog' is a contracted
form of a cognate of</div>
<div>> English <span style="font-style: italic;">paddock</span> 'frog'.</div>
<div> </div></span>
<div>Ron, can't we agree that '-ock'
is a suffix of diminunition or endearment?</div>
<div>Butt - buttocks</div>
<div>Bull - bullock</div>
<div>Hill - hillock</div>
<div>Bun - bannock</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Just slightly off the track, as
in Afrikaans:</div>
<div>(can) kan -
kannetjie</div>
<div>(pill) pil -
pilletjie</div>
<div>(man) man -
mannetjie</div>
<div> </div>
<div>I grant you the '-ic' OE suffix
of approximation as in 'uglic wif' ME 'ugly woman' (Grendel's mother in
Beowulf). That '-ic' is now '-y' as in 'ugly'. An aside: The Afrikaans for the
same is 'aaklig', a word seldom applied to women here...</div><span class="q">
<div><br>> Another hunch of mine is that this
<span style="font-style: italic;">-ock</span> is</div>
<div>> related to Slavonic
derivative *<span style="font-style: italic;"> <span style="font-style: italic;">-ik</span></span> ~ *<span style="font-style: italic;">-yk</span></div>
<div><span style="font-style: italic;">>
</span>~ *<span style="font-style: italic;"><span style="font-style: italic;">-ek</span></span> ~ *<span style="font-style: italic;"> -ak</span>. We encounter it elsewhere</div>
<div>> in Germanic, such as in
German <span style="font-style: italic;">chraneh</span></div>
<div><span style="font-style: italic;"></span>> <span style="font-style: italic;">Kranich</span> 'crane' (the bird), cf. Low
Saxon</div>
<div><em>> </em><span style="font-style: italic;">Kraan</span>, Dutch <span style="font-style: italic;">kraan</span>, English <span style="font-style: italic;">crane</span>, etc.,</div>
<div>> but also Middle Saxon
<span style="font-style: italic;">kranek</span> and Old English</div>
<div><em>> </em><span style="font-style: italic;">cranoc</span>. I believe it used to be something
like</div>
<div>> an "approximant"
("...-like") and in some</div>
<div>> languages a diminutive
marker as well, much</div>
<div>> like Turkic <span style="font-style: italic;"><span style="font-style: italic;">*</span>-čä</span> serving as both (e.g., <span style="font-style: italic;">kitab-čä</span></div>
<div><span style="font-style: italic;">>
</span>'book-let', <span style="font-style: italic;">tağ-čä</span> 'mountain-like', <span style="font-style: italic;">on-čä</span> "ten-like"</div>
<div>> = 'about ten', "Turk-like"
= 'in Turkic/Turkish</div>
<div>> manner' > 'in
Turkic/Turkish language' > 'Turkic/</div>
<div>> Turkish language').
So a <span style="font-style: italic;">pad-ock</span> may have been</div>
<div>> a toad-like creature or a
little toad, thus a frog.<br><br>> Consider also the Scottish home-made
bread</div>
<div>> called <span style="font-style: italic;">bannock</span>, cognate of Gaelic <span style="font-style: italic;">bannoch</span></div>
<div><span style="font-style: italic;">> </span>(< *<span style="font-style: italic;">bannoc?</span>), Old English <span style="font-style: italic;">bannuc</span>, cf. Latin</div>
</span><div><em>> </em><span style="font-style: italic;">panis</span> 'bread' > <span style="font-style: italic;">panicium</span>.<br><br>That's me, Ron, Shooting from
the hip. I see you've said it all already, & in greater
detail...</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Yrs,</div>
<div>Mark</div></div>
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