<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> </span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">L O W L A N D S - L - 18 October 2007 - Volume 01</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Song Contest: <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/contest/">lowlands-l.net/contest/</a> (- 31 Dec. 2007)</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
=========================================================================</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">From: </span>
<span id="_user_heatherrendall@tiscali.co.uk" style="color: rgb(0, 104, 28); font-family: arial,sans-serif;">"<a href="mailto:heatherrendall@tiscali.co.uk">heatherrendall@tiscali.co.uk</a>"</span><span style="font-weight: normal; font-family: arial,sans-serif;" class="lg">
<<a href="mailto:heatherrendall@tiscali.co.uk">heatherrendall@tiscali.co.uk</a>></span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Subject: LL-L "Etymology" 2007.10.17
(02) [E]</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><p style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">jonny</span><span style="font-weight: normal;"> wrote: </span>
</p><div style="font-family: arial,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 153); margin-left: 40px;"><font size="2"><span>What do you think about a relation to LS: 'ruug', E: 'rough'?</span></font></div>
<div style="font-family: arial,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 153); margin-left: 40px;"><font size="2"><span></span> </font></div>
<div style="font-family: arial,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><font size="2"><span>Dear Jonny</span></font></div>
<div style="font-family: arial,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><font size="2"><span>What a
co-incidence! We also have 'Rough' as a place name locally e.g. Pugh's
Rough I had never considered any connection but would be v v happy
to hear more.</span></font></div>
<div style="font-family: arial,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><font size="2"><span>Does LS 'ruug' get used as part of places names?</span></font></div>
<div style="font-family: arial,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><font size="2"><span>And if so, would it mean - former heath land / poorish land?</span></font></div>
<div style="font-family: arial,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><font size="2"><span>In
English 'rough' can mean uncultivated ground i.e. in golf if the ball
runs off the fairway into the long grass, it goes into the rough.</span></font></div>
<div style="font-family: arial,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><font size="2"><span></span> </font></div>
<div style="font-family: arial,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><font size="2"><span>What other spellings of 'ruug' might there be?</span></font></div>
<p style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">V interesting! Thank you!
</p><p style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Heather
</p><p style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">(Rendall)</p><p style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">----------<br><br>From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">
sassisch@yahoo.com
</a>><br>Subject: Etymology<br><br>Hi, Heather!<br><br>In order to increase the number of my quince points:</p><p style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">According to the <span style="font-style: italic;">Oxford English Dictionary
</span>, besides the archaic name "rough" for a type of fish (cognate of "ray," still surviving in "orange ruffy," I assume), "rough" as a noun denotes the following things that seem relevant here:
</p><ul style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><li>The roughness or rough surface <i>of</i> something</li><li>Rough or broken ground</li><li>A stretch of rough ground; <i>esp.</i> a steep bank or slope covered with undergrowth or trees; a coppice. Now
<i>local</i>.</li><li>The rough ground at the edge of, or between the greens on, a golf-course.</li></ul><p style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Spellings over time:</p><ul style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><li>Old English:
<i>rúh</i>, <span style="font-style: italic;">r</span><i>ú</i><span style="font-style: italic;">ƽ</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">hruh</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">hruhh</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">
ruhe</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">ruchƺe</span>, <br></li><li>Old Scots: <span style="font-style: italic;">ruch</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">reucht</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">rwch</span>
; <span style="font-style: italic;">roh</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">rohu</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">rohw</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">roche</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">
rocht</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">roch</span></li><li><span style="font-style: italic;"></span>Middle English: rouh, <span style="font-style: italic;">rowh</span>,<span style="font-style: italic;"> routh</span>
,<span style="font-style: italic;"> </span><span style="font-style: italic;">rowth</span>, <i>rúw-</i></li><li>Middle Scots: <span style="font-style: italic;">rouch</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">rouche</span>,
<span style="font-style: italic;">rowch</span></li></ul><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">In place names it sometimes turned into "row".</span><span style="font-style: italic; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
<br></span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Cognates (with some extra research by </span><span style="font-style: italic; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">moi</span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
):</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><ul style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><li>Frisian: <i>rûch</i> (<i>rûg-</i>)</li><li>Old Saxon: <span style="font-style: italic;">rūgi</span> 'rough blanket',
<span style="font-style: italic;">rūwi</span> 'rough animal coat'<br></li><li>Middle Saxon: <i>rûch</i>, <i>rûge</i> (> <span style="font-style: italic;">ruug</span>, often spelled <span style="font-style: italic;">
ruuch</span>, Danish <span style="font-style: italic;">rug</span>)<br></li><li>Middle Dutch:<i> ruuch</i> (<i>rugh-</i>), <i>ruych</i> (> <span style="font-style: italic;">ruw</span>)<br></li><li>Old German: <i>ruuh</i>
, <i>rûh</i>, <i>rûch</i>, <i>ruoch</i> (> <span style="font-style: italic;">rauh</span>)</li></ul><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Personally I consider English "rug" to belong to this, which in English appears to be an early Scandinavian loan that appeared in the Middle English period. Consider Norwegian
</span><span style="font-style: italic; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">rugga</span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">, </span><i style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">rugga</i><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
, </span><i style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">rogga</i><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> 'coarse coverlet' (also </span><i style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">skinnrugga</i><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
'skin-rug'; </span><i style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">ruggefeld</i><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> 'shaggy cloak'), Swedish </span><i style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">rugg</i><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
'ruffled or coarse hair', 'frizz', </span><i style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">rugge</i><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> 'tuft', etc. < Old Norse </span><span style="font-style: italic; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
rǫgg</span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">, cognate of English "rag" (< </span><span style="font-style: italic; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">ragge</span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
< </span><span style="font-style: italic; font-family: arial,sans-serif;">ragg</span><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">).<br><br>Also, I wonder if French <span style="font-style: italic;">perruque</span> (<
</span><i style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">perrucque</i><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">, </span><i style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">perruque</i><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">, > "periwig" > "wig"), which is often suspected of being related to
</span><i style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">perroquet</i><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"> 'parakeet', is a partial Germanic loan incorporating "rough" (see above) in the sense of 'frizzy', 'curly'.
</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">Regards,</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">
Reinhard/Ron</span><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">