<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">L O W L A N D S - L - 01 January 2008 - Volume 06
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">=========================================================================</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe"><span class="EP8xU" style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">
Marcus Buck</span> <span class="lDACoc"><<a href="mailto:list@marcusbuck.org">list@marcusbuck.org</a>></span></span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe">LL-L "Language varieties" 2008.01.02 (05) [E]<br><br></span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
From: Ed Alexander <</span><a style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" href="mailto:edsells@cogeco.ca">edsells@cogeco.ca</a><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> <mailto:</span><a style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" href="mailto:edsells@cogeco.ca">
edsells@cogeco.ca</a><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">>></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
If the intent of the film is entertainment, they won't use Low Saxon.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Low Saxon is very rarely used in film. Cause films produced in Germany
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">are created for the German market, the full German market, and Low Saxon</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">won't work in Bavaria or Swabia. The other way round it works better,</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Bavarian for example is used more often in film. Perhaps cause its</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">better capable of using different registers. It is possible to speak a
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">sort of Bavarian halfway between real Bavarian and Standard German. This</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">sort of Bavarian is understandable to all Germans. But Low Saxon has no</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
intermediate registers like Bavarian and it is harder to create Low</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Saxon, that is "understandable" for non-Northerners. Another point is
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">the public image of the dialects. The public image of Bavarian is that</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">of a live dialect. People expect to hear Bavarian when they visit a</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Bavarian village or watch a film situated in a Bavarian village. The</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">public image of Low Saxon is another. People don't expect the language
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">to be used, whn they visit a Northern German village or a film situated</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">there. This is partly cause the language is not used when foreigners are</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
present and partly cause the people don't see it in TV (absence from the</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">TV intensifies the factors, that lead to its absence, a vicious circle).
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Entertaining formats won't use Low Saxon, but there are some</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">documentaries that report about regional stuff, that use Low Saxon</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
speaking informants and Standard German subtitling for more authenticy</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">(/e.g. Geschichten vom Eis, //Die Ostfriesland Saga/). Other
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">documentaries were dubbed from the original Standard German into Low</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Saxon (/Billerbook Düütschland)/. This was to create content for the</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
"Low Saxon Week" event on NDR (Norddeutscher Rundfunk, North German</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Broadcast). Some artistic productions do use the language for reasons of
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">"otherness" too (/Der Wirt, die Kneipe und das Fest /is an artistic</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">documentary [so would fit in the first category too] about the Wacken</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Heavy Metal festival. In this case Low Saxon and rural Beschaulichkeit</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">are an antithesis for the loudness of the festival). The use of Low
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Saxon in the film /Stellet Licht/ by Carlos Reygadas (/Prix du Jury /at</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Cannes 2007) has artistic and authenticy reasons too. The documentary</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
/Op Platt /about Low Saxon enclaves abroad was intentionally bilingual.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> From 1999 to 2007 the Filmemakers from Sulingen created three
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">/Apparatspott-/movies. These films were the first films ever, that were</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">real Low Saxon films. The producers are amateurs and the production is</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
very low budget.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">None of the aforementioned productions qualify as mainstream. If we look</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">at mainstream media (national media), Low Saxon is not existant. Well,</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
that's not quite true, cause in recent years there were some</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">productions, that used some Low Saxon. I know of these productions (but
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">it is very likely there are more): /Großstadtrevier /and/ Da kommt</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Kalle/. These are entertainment series for families, situated in</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Northern Germany. They are in Standard German, but some characters</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">occasionally use phrases and short sentences in Low Saxon. For
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">authenticy reasons, I guess. This use is strictly confined to family</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">entertainment, I only know it from pre-prime-time family series on ZDF</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
(Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen). I guess, Low Saxon has the image of</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">something familial. Another exaple of Low Saxon in mainstream media is
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Mr Krabs from Spongebob Squarepants using the words "Mien Jung" to</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">address Spongebob in the Standard German synchronisation. Here Low Saxon</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
has the image of "something maritime".</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">I conclude: Low Saxon is not used in media without the creators having a
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">special image of the language in mind. The language is not used plainly</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">as a vehicle for the message, using the language itself is a message.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
There are only very few exceptions from this, mostly produced by the NDR</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">(/Billerbook Düütschland, //Op Platt, //Hallo Niedersachsen op Platt).
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">/In the Netherlands there are two series that qualify as being Low Saxon</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">_and_ being mainstream. These are th two soap operas /Van jung Leu en</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
ole Groond /and /Boven Wotter.//</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">/</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
From: R. F. Hahn <</span><a style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com">sassisch@yahoo.com</a><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> <mailto:</span><a style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com">
sassisch@yahoo.com</a><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">>></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="Ih2E3d">><br>
> The merchant marine, too, has been using only German at least since<br>> the beginning of the 20th century, Low Saxon being confined to private<br>> spheres. Why, many sailors come from far off the coastal areas, some
<br>> even from Bavaria!<br></div><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">That's true for the big business, but the many Ewers and Kutters were</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">often fully Low Saxon til the end (oral professional sphere, talking</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
with Hafenmeisters, Schleusenwärters etc.). There was a rapid decline in</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">inland trade with for example Ewers since the 1920s which took on even
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">more speed after WWII. The last Ewers made it in the 1960s. For example,</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">there were hundreds of fishing boats on the Niederelbe/Nedderelv (last</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
hundred Kilometers of the river Elbe) at the beginning of the 20th</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">century, but only three (if that number is still correct) today. So, the
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">little boats had to give up business before they did give up the language.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" color="#888888"><br>Marcus Buck<br><br>----------<br><br></font><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>><span></span>
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: Language varieties<br><br>Marcus,<br><br>Quite so, daddy-o. And I did mean the merchant marine. Anything else was "local," so to speak, and this also applied to many fishing trawlers that went farther afield, at least until large conglomerates put the mom-and-pop businesses and their local employees out of business.
<br><br>Until about the early part of the 29th century you could even still hear trawler and sculler men speak the now extinct East Frisian island varieties; e.g.<br><br>Dialect: East Frisian of the Isle of Wangerooge (Germany, extinct 1950)
<br>Author: (unknown)<br>Source: Recording of 1927<br><br></span><div style="margin-left: 40px; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>Miin Oopel weer 'n fariinsmon, dee wunnet up Wangerooch. Dait weer nuu wail soo uum 't Jeer achtiinhunnert threttiin, fjirtiin. Wii haiden Kriich mit de Fransoozen, un de Engelsen weeren up 'e Oostsee. Daa lai eenes Diis miin Oopel mit siin Schip in de Wiizder far Anker. Dee must hooch Watter auftaiw, un hii un siin Liuud haiden jam dilleliin too slaipen.
</i><br></div><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br>My translation:<br></span><div style="margin-left: 40px; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>My granddad was a mariner, and he lived on Wangerooge. It must have been around the year eighteen hundred and thirteen, fourteen. We were at war with the French, and the English were on the Baltic Sea. One day my granddad was lying at anchor on the Weser River. He had to wait for high tide, and he and his crew had lain down to sleep.
</i><br></div><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br>My translation into Modern Northern Low Saxon:<br><br></span><div style="margin-left: 40px; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>Mien Opa (~ Grootvadder) weer (~ was) 'n Fahrensmann, de wahn up Wangerooch. Dat weer (~ was) nu wull so üm't Jahr achtteihnhunnert-dörteihn, veerteihn. Wi harrn Krieg (~ Oorloog) mit de Franzosen, un de Engelschen weern up de Oostsee. Daar leeg' eens Dags mien Opa mit sien Schipp in de Werser för Anker. De müssen hooch Water uptöven, un he un sien Lüüd' harrn sik daalleggt to slapen.
</i><br><br>ANS spelling:<br><i>Myn oupa (~ grootvadder) weyr (~ was) 'n varensman, dey waan up Wangeroog'. Dat weyr (~ was) nu wul so üm 't jaar achttayn hunnerd dörtayn, veyrtayn. Wy harren kryg (~ oorloog) mit dey Frantsosen, un dey Engelschen weyren up dey Oostsey. Daar leyg' eyns dags myn oupa mit syn schip in dey Werser vör anker. Dey müssen hoog water up-toyven, un hey un syn luyd' harren sik daal legd tou slapen.
</i><br></div><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br>Folks, let me just explain that when Marcus writes "ewer" he does mean a type of vessel, though not what in English is a "ewer" (['ju@(R)]). An
<i>Ewer </i>(Low Saxon ['?E.Iv3`], German ['?e:v@`]) is a seagoing vessel, a type of boat, namely a lighter or a sculler. Supposedly it's a contracted form of Dutch <i>eenvarer </i>("one-farer").<i><br>
<br></i>Regards,<i><br>Reinhard/Ron</i><br><br>P.S.: One of these days we ought to put a comparative nautical vocabulary list together.<br><br></span>