<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">L O W L A N D S - L - 21 January 2008 - Volume 08
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">=========================================================================</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe"><span class="EP8xU" style="color: rgb(91, 16, 148);">
Jacqueline Bungenberg de Jong</span> <span class="lDACoc"><<a href="mailto:Dutchmatters@comcast.net">Dutchmatters@comcast.net</a>></span></span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe">LL-L "Etymology" 2008.01.21 (01) [D/E]<br></span><p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<font color="navy" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: navy;" lang="NL">Roland, Re "tuchtig": In
het Nederlands wordt "tochtig" ook gebruikt voor een bronstige koe. Of het
dialectisch is weet ik niet.</span></font></p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><font color="navy" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: navy;" lang="NL">Het is mogelijk dat ik
het me herinner van Dr Vlimmen, een van de Romans van Roothart dat zich in
Brabant of Limburg afspeelt.</span></font></p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><font color="navy" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: navy;" lang="NL">Ik vind het een mooie
uitdrukking. Jacqueline</span></font></p><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">----------</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
From: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe"><span class="EP8xU" style="color: rgb(0, 104, 28);">Luc Hellinckx</span> <span class="lDACoc"><<a href="mailto:luc.hellinckx@gmail.com">
luc.hellinckx@gmail.com</a>></span></span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject:
</span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe">LL-L "Etymology"<br><br></span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Beste Ron,</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
You wrote:</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<blockquote style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" type="cite"><i>schummeln</i>:<br>
<ol><li>reinigen, schoonmaken (to clean)<br>
</li><li>kuirpas, <font size="-1">op zijn gemak wandelen</font> (to
amble, to walk in a sloppy way)<br>
</li><li>oblichten (voornamelijk in spelen) [> <i>schummeln</i>
Missingsch en andere Noordduitse dialecten] (to cheat (especially in
games))</li></ol>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Amazing to see how meanings can shift in a similar way.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Low Saxon, (re "schummeln" Foerste): sich schnell hin- und herbewegen
> betrügen</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Brabantish, (re "schokken"): bounce up and down > husband secretly
hoarding part of his salary</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Kind greetings,</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Luc Hellinckx</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">----------</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: R. F. Hahn <</span><a style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank">
sassisch@yahoo.com</a><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: Etymology<br><br>
Yeah, how about that, Luc?!<br><br></span><div style="margin-left: 40px; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">
Low Saxon, (re "schummeln" Foerste): sich schnell hin- und herbewegen
> betrügen</span><br><br></div><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">For everyone else: Low Saxon </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">schummeln</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
'to move rapidly back and forth', 'to cheat'</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
And previously we also mentioned the semantic branch of 'to clean' ('originally 'to scrub' I suppose).</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br>Well, I think that "fast movement" > "slight of hand" > "trickery" > "cheating" is what happened there in the semantic history.<br><br>Now, I have a feeling this ain't the end of the story either ... Remember my "lectures" about "iterative ~ frequentive"? There you have it again, that busy little /-l-/.
<br><br>Don't take the vowel too seriously, because labial consonants (/m/, /b/, /p/) have a way of making adjacent short vowels round (= labial); so there might as well have been an /i/, /e/ or /a/ instead of the /u/ or /o/ for all we know.
<br><br>So now bear this in mind and take away that iterative ~ frequentive suffix ... and ... presto-changeo! ... we have "sham" (= 'trick', 'hoax', etc.), noun, adjective and verb!<br><br>This is what the Oxford English dictionary has to say about the etymology:
<br><br></span><div style="margin-left: 40px; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><font size="4">[Of obscure origin; the word first appears as slang, together with the
related verb, about 1677, and immediately came into very frequent use. </font><a name="50221735n1"></a><br>
<font size="2">Commonly explained as in some way connected with <i>sham</i>, north. dial. form of <a href="http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/crossref?query_type=word&queryword=sham&first=1&max_to_show=10&sort_type=alpha&search_id=A887-dwBb6p-16260&result_place=1&xrefword=shame" target="_top">
SHAME</a> <i>n. </i>and<i> v.</i>
This is not impossible, on the supposition that the slang word arose
from some once well-known anecdote or incident in a play. The following
quot. may possibly contain a genuine tradition, but the alleged origin
does not seem to account satisfactorily for the sense in the early
examples. (North says that the word was introduced into general use, in
the phrase 'sham plot', by Dangerfield; but it was already common some
years before 1680, the date to which this statement refers.)<br> <a name="50221735q1"></a><font color="#6666cc"><b><i>a</i>1734</b> <a href="http://dictionary.oed.com/help/bib/oed2-n.html#north" target="oedbib" color="#002653">
<font color="#002653">NORTH</font></a> <i>Exam.</i> II. iv. §1 (1740) 231 The word <i>Sham</i> is true Cant of the Newmarket Breed. It is contracted of <i>ashamed</i>.
The native Signification is a Town Lady of Diversion, in Country Maid's
Cloaths, who to make good her Disguise, pretends to be so <i>sham'd!</i> Thence it became proverbial, when a maimed Lover was laid up, or looked meager, to say he had met with a <i>Sham</i>.</font>] <br></font></div>
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br>So what if it's related to iterative <i>schummel</i> ~ <i>schommel</i>? And might "scam" be related to it too? Again, the <i>OED</i> says its origin is obscure, but it seems to be of American origin and has been attested only since the early 20th century. Might it be a variant of "sham" which has been known since the 17th century (an era of many Dutch loans, by the way)? Is there a Dutch word *
<i>scham</i> or *<i>schom</i>, old or new, that might be related? (I don't think that the "shame" group is related to it, though.)<br><br>And the plot keeps thickening ...<br><br>Regards,<br>Reinhard/Ron<br>
<br><br></span>